Sustainable Engineering and Innovation (SEI - E-Journal)
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Cybersecurity challenges across sustainable development goals: A comprehensive review
Full text linkIn an era where society becomes increasingly reliant on digital technology and interconnected systems, the significance of cybersecurity for upholding sustainable development has become paramount. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030, people enjoy peace and prosperity. As we draw closer to the critical year of 2030, the insights of this paper gain urgency in light of ongoing efforts to achieve the SDGs. This review paper takes an innovative stance by examining how cybersecurity challenges align with each SDG. The novelty of this study is that, it not only highlights the interconnected nature of cybersecurity within each goal but also identifies and categorizes the top five emerging threats that could impact the 17 goals. By pinpointing potential risks, it calls for further research and strategies to counter these cyber threats that might hinder the progress towards the SDGs. This research work serves as valuable guidance for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, offering a comprehensive understanding of the intricate relationship between cybersecurity and sustainable development
Adoption of identity theft protection services in social media: A PMT investigation
Full text linkIn the last few years, social media has become a part of our lives. It is not a website anymore. It offers us blogging, watching videos, and connecting with more people. In our social media profiles, we create our virtual identity. We share every piece of information connected to our lives. Social media has become a very important part of our lives. Social media changes itself tremendously; it also makes it possible for criminals to take their work to another level. Many crimes happen on social media. One of them is identity theft. As we create our own identities on social media. There is a high risk of identity theft. For this reason, many identity theft protection services have been created. With identity theft protection, we are able to protect our identities on social media. Those identity theft production services are my best product because they help us identify identity threats and get rid of them. They give us protection from identity theft in exchange for some monthly fees. But those services are not common in our nation. We don't know if those services will work in our country or not. With this thesis, we will be able to find out the adoption intention of social media identity theft protection services in our country through PMT investigations
Forensic materials and test methods
Full text linkIn recent years, forensic engineering, a growing field of engineering, has developed. If the product malfunctions prematurely, the user will not be able to use that product, and sometimes it may lead to personal injuries. Sophisticated techniques such as SEM and DSC are used to study these problems. Forensic engineers evaluate documentary evidence so that the court can make the right decision. In this study, forensic materials and test methods are discussed. For this purpose, first, the concept of Forensic Engineering was introduced and the defects occurring in the products were examined. Then, in case of a dispute between the parties, it is explained how forensic engineers examine the products and prepare an expert report to resolve the dispute. Finally, how and with which devices macroscopic and microscopic tests, mechanical and thermal tests were performed were examined
Enhancing load capacity of reinforced concrete columns using high strength concrete and fiber reinforcement
Full text linkStrengthening of structural elements is sometimes necessary for architectural purposes to withstand additional loads without cross-section enlargement. This study evaluates the structural performance of reinforced concrete columns toughened using high-strength concrete, steel fiber concrete of 1% volume fraction, and near-surface mounted NSM steel or carbon fiber reinforced polymer CFRP bars. Five columns of 0.15×0.15×1 m were cast and axially loaded till failure. The investigational consequences revealed that a load-carrying capacity and stiffness augmented by 55.1 and 91.1% when the compressive strength is 1.5 times the normal with a ductility decrease of 28.2% whereas steel fiber concrete raised them by 34.3, 6.4, and 11.6%. In addition, NSM steel or CFRP bars exhibited ultimate loads and stiffness 13.6 to 29.7% and 17.2 to 21.7% higher than the non-strengthened column. However, the ductility decreased by 2.5 to 12.4%
Rectangular small patch antenna
No full textThis paper discusses various challenges related to the antenna design process for sub 6 GHz, 5G communications. In the first example, the design is a square, simple antenna with two slots. Their parametric studies are made to see which parameters have affected the results. On the other hand, the second design for the antenna is represented as well, the design is still like a square, but the number of slots is bigger. The circular design of the antenna is also one of the most popular for 5G, but the results are not so good. For this kind of antenna below 6 GHz, a few slots are important, and a circular design is not the best idea. This antenna, the second design operates at 3.23 GHz with S11 of -14.3 dB, E-Theta of 5.73 dB, and E-Phi of -11.6 dB
Finite element analysis study: Topology optimization for the front lower arm with innovative double and complex phase materials
Full text linkSuspension systems used in vehicles are an important factor affecting comfort, safety, and vehicle performance. These systems are effective in the vehicle's total weight and fuel consumption. However, while lightening the weight, it should also be ensured that the strength is within safe limits. For this purpose, dual-phase (DP) and complex-phase (CP) steel materials were used. In the study, the topology optimization of the front lower suspension arm, designed for a light commercial vehicle, was carried out with the finite element method. As a result of the topology optimization, the weight was reduced by 7.5% compared to the current design, while maintaining the safe strength values. This result will significantly contribute to reducing material costs by using dual-phase (DP) and complex-phase (CP) steel materials, reducing exhaust emissions by lightening vehicle weight, and developing more sustainable designs
Using artificial intelligence in analyzing principal components
Full text linkIn this research, the basic concepts of both principal component analysis and artificial neural networks were reviewed, let alone tackling breast cancer, its most important causes and early detection. To add more, obtaining the principal components of a set of explanatory variables using the artificial neural network method was also discussed. One of the most important conclusions reached is that the weights of the artificial neural network based on the (Hebb) rule are close to the values ??of the characteristic vectors for the correlation matrix. The flexibility of the work of artificial neural networks allows for the expansion of the use of neural networks in other statistical methods. The most important factors causing breast cancer are: marital status, age and breastfeeding, and family history of the disease
The impact of renewable energy sources on economic recovery in Ukraine
Full text linkThe current economy of Ukraine is marked by the urgent need to explore pathways for post-war economic recovery. Considering the severe damage inflicted on the country's energy infrastructure, restoring energy capacity and providing energy resources to both industries and private consumers are becoming critical issues. The conversation surrounding alternative energy sources and renewable energy technologies is gaining traction in this regard. These technologies are often called green technologies, as they prioritize preserving natural resources and promoting the sustainable use of various resources. It is evident that the financing of green technologies requires government involvement; however, a vital responsibility of the state should be to foster a market environment that incentivizes investors to contribute financially to green initiatives, highlighting the complexity and multifaceted nature of the issue at hand. Given this topic's significance, this study aims to assess the impact of renewable energy source utilization on Ukraine's economic recovery efforts. To accomplish this, the following tasks will be undertaken: conducting a statistical analysis of the renewable energy landscape in Ukraine, identifying the primary mechanisms for financing renewable energy projects, and performing a SWOT analysis of the renewable energy sector to gauge potential investor interest. The methodological framework for this research includes statistical analysis and SWOT analysis, which help clarify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with adopting green technologies in Ukraine. The findings suggest that one of the principal avenues for financing green technologies should involve green bonds, which serve as a means to attract investments from individuals and organizations to pursue ambitious projects focused on resource conservation and environmental safety. Additionally, the statistical analysis indicates that while Ukraine possesses significant potential for renewable energy development, progress in this area hinges on securing investment resources
Transformer-based automatic Arabic text diacritization
Full text linkIn Arabic natural language processing (NLP), automatic text diacritization is a major obstacle, and progress has been slow when compared to other language processing tasks. Automatic diacritical marking of Arabic text is proposed in this work using the first transformer-based paradigm designed solely for this task. By taking advantage of the attention mechanism, our system is able to capture more of the innate patterns in Arabic, surpassing the performance of both rule-based alternatives and neural network techniques. The model trained with the Clean-50 dataset had a diacritic error rate (DER) of 2.03%, even though the model trained with the Clean-400 dataset had a DER of 1.37%. As compared to state-of-the-art results, the improvement for the Clean-50 dataset is minimal. However, for the larger Clean-400 dataset, it is a notable improvement, indicating that this approach can deliver more accurate solutions for applications requiring precise diacritical marks with larger datasets. Additionally, this method achieves a DER of 1.21% for the Clean-400 dataset, and it performs even better when given extended input text with overlapping windows
A multi-sectional analysis of building height, layout, and urban density on seasonal energy consumption: A case study
Full text linkThis study aims to investigate the influence of building height and layout on energy consumption. It also analyzes methods for reducing energy consumption in these buildings. The EnergyPlus software performs simulations under local climatic conditions for all seasons. The city is divided into several sections based on cardinal directions, and energy consumption is calculated for each section, considering the city's distinct seasonal variations. Buildings in suburban areas with more sunlight exhibited higher overall energy consumption due to the reliance on heating and cooling systems, compared to the city center where denser urban areas moderated temperature extremes. Additionally, building design and insulation played significant roles. The analysis also revealed a west-to-east trend; higher consumption at the edges compared to the center. This is attributed to factors such as building density and shade from taller structures. The study further examined the impact of varying building heights. While most buildings were 20 meters tall, specific rows ranged from 21 to 25 meters. Changing these heights resulted in decreased cooling and increased heating demands in the north-south analysis, and reduced demands for both heating and cooling in the west-east analysis. This highlights the complex interplay between building layout, height, and energy consumption