Sustainable Engineering and Innovation (SEI - E-Journal)
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Quantum potential energy: Adaptive facades in architecture
Full text linkThis paper addressed the topic of creating quantum architecture through human awareness to transform the formal and spatial elements of architecture according to its environmental sustainability compatible with nature. The research emphasizes the creation of a built environment that uses natural resources to enhance the psychological and physical comfort of humans, relying on the quantum energy inherent in the interaction of particles, which is called “kinetic energy” in quantum mechanics, and it can be considered energy due to motion.
The research aims to determine the recommended standards for use in designing the building facade according to the magnetic field lines. It focuses on the classification of smart interfaces in particular. The complexity of evaluating adaptive or dynamic facades is related to evaluating the performance of the facade elements and systems, the overall performance of the building, as well as the behavior and satisfaction of the occupants.
The research seeks to present a conceptual and cognitive framework by linking the concept of potential kinetic energy and quantum theory with architecture and then presents a group of literary studies that will enrich and build the theoretical framework and then apply it to the groups of projects selected for practical study and then reach the final conclusions
Evaluation of model precision and performance discrepancies in simulated vs. experimental testing of vertical axis wind turbines
Full text linkThe increasing global demand for clean and renewable energy has driven significant advancements in wind turbine technology. This paper explores innovative approaches to harnessing wind energy, with a particular focus on the deployment of vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) in urban environments and highways. By strategically positioning turbines along roadways, where wind generated by moving vehicles offers a reliable energy source, this study investigates the potential for integrating wind energy generation with existing infrastructure. The study compares the power generation of three VAWT designs—Giromill, Windside, and Helicoidal—through both physical prototypes and computational simulations. Utilizing 3D printing technology, scaled prototypes of each turbine were constructed and tested under controlled conditions in road separators to capture the wind generated by vehicular traffic. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was used to simulate turbine performance under similar conditions. The primary objective is to evaluate the accuracy and error margin between physical tests and computational models, aiming to assess the feasibility of using CFD simulations as a predictive tool for real-world turbine performance. The results will contribute to bridging the knowledge gap in wind energy research, particularly in Colombia, by providing new insights into the comparative efficiency of experimental and simulated approaches. This work builds on previous studies related to wind turbine aerodynamics and 3D prototyping techniques, with a focus on urban wind energy harvesting solutions
Integration of advanced digital technologies in the hospitality industry: A technological approach towards sustainability
Full text linkThe potential assimilation of Industry 4.0 technologies across diverse sectors unlocks the pathways to achieve sustainability through innovative infrastructure with sustainable approaches. The World Travel & Tourism Council’s (WTTC) 2023 report emphasizes the impact of the hospitality industry contributes $9.5 trillion to the gross domestic product (GDP) and provides a workforce of 320 million globally and also strives towards meeting sustainability. Driven by the facts above, this study conducted a review to explore the potentiality of Industry 4.0 technologies specifically focused on meeting sustainability. Along with the review, the study has proposed a scalable-based architecture with the assimilation of many Industry 4.0 technologies. Further, this study has analyzed the real-world examples of Industry 4.0 technologies adoption in the hospitality industry with an objective of innovation and sustainable practices. Finally, the articles discussed the recommendations that can empower the establishment of resilient infrastructure through Industry 4.0 technologies
Performance evaluation of a parabolic cylinder collector applying the Monte Carlo ray tracing method
Full text linkThe purpose of this article is to evaluate the performance of a prototype parabolic trough collector for three proposed scenarios, where geometric designs with optical characteristics are tested according to the appropriate technological paradigm; low cost of maintenance and implementation, intensive local labor, materials and resources of the implementation area. The device was developed by the Energy, Automation and Control Systems Research Group GISEAC of the Unidades Tecnológicas de Santander for low-cost water heating; using materials and labor for its fabrication easily available locally. Monte Carlo ray tracing methodology was applied using the open-access software SolTrace and Tonatiuh. To select the geometric scenario to be simulated, the edge angle and the width of the primary reflection system of the device were varied. The results obtained showed that the aperture of the parabola has a direct impact on the drop in the concentration ratio (CR) percentage value and the performance of the prototype
Recent Trends and Technologies in rapid prototyping and its Inclination towards Industry 4.0
Full text linkPrototyping technology is becoming vital in the business as a means of cutting costs and manufacturing time. At present, reverse engineering and rapid prototyping are important technologies that enhance prototype development. The traditional approaches require various intricate processes, such as selective heat sintering (SHS), digital-light-processing printer (DLP), remote distributed rapid prototyping model (RDRP), Stereo Lithography (STL) models, and reconstructing computer-aided design (CAD) models from scanned point data and these approaches has limitations in terms of time-consuming and expert knowledge required for automation. This study aims to explore the significance of Industry 4.0 and its impact on rapid prototyping. The study also addresses rapid prototyping in computer network architecture; digital-light-processing printers (DLP) in rapid prototyping, and software-defined network (SDN) networks in the context of rapid prototyping. Along with this powder bed fusion (PBF) method and electron beam melting (EBM) are included in the manuscript. Based on our exploration, the study suggested vital recommendations for the advancement in rapid prototyping using Industry 4.
A novel approach for improving material stiffness using a direct method in below-knee prosthetic sockets
Full text linkThe conventional techniques for producing a socket are time-consuming disproportionate to the significant population afflicted by limb amputations. Although the new manufacturing direct method, the modular socket system (MSS) method, involves reduced labor time, the technique produces sockets with high stiffness that cause discomfort for those with lower limb amputations during walking. This study investigated the tensile characteristics of numerous materials in below-knee prosthetic sockets. Initially, a vacuum molding approach was used to produce the sockets, which involved various polymers and composite materials to improve the prosthesis socket properties. An F-socket device was also employed to ensure efficient production and optimized pressure distribution at the interface between the socket and the residual limb. A SOLIDWORKS® software was then applied to determine the numerical analysis (stress distribution and the maximum internal pressure). The samples from Group E involved utilizing a novel mixture compared to the direct and traditional methods of various materials. This study presents a novel prosthetic limb socket made from a mixture of four carbon fiber layers, utilizing 20% polyurethane resin and 80% acrylic as the matrix. The resulting material demonstrated acceptable stiffness, extended socket life, and reduced curing time. During the patient's gait cycle, peak pressure of 300 KPa was recorded using the F-socket, while SOLIDWORKS® software indicated an internal pressure of 343 KPa, aligning closely with F-socket measurements. The new direct-fit socket design prioritizes comfort and flexibility using materials with reduced stiffness
Assessment of building information modeling adoption in building material scheduling in Tanzania’s construction industry
Full text linkThe building construction industry continues to face challenges that affect project delivery, one of which is the traditional practices used for building material scheduling (BMS). Studies indicate that these practices are often inefficient and prone to errors, leading to delays, cost overruns, and low-quality work, affecting the project objectives. Building Information Modeling (BIM) presents a promising solution for addressing these challenges, proven through existing integrations. However, its adoption in BMS practices in construction is still relatively low. Therefore, this study aimed to assess BIM use in BMS in Tanzania’s building construction industry. The study adopted a quantitative research approach, and the study population of 153 registered quantity surveying firms was purposively selected. The study data was collected using online questionnaires and analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study findings indicate that traditional practices are still favored over BIM when scheduling building materials in Tanzania, with the most predominant practices being spreadsheets and paper-based methods. Additionally, findings suggest that BIM is not a new concept in Tanzania. However, its adoption in the current practices is relatively low, mainly due to insufficient expertise, training resources, and limited access to BIM software/tools. Moreover, findings indicate a significant belief that BIM can improve BMS practices. These insights can inform policymakers, industry stakeholders, and educational institutions on the necessary steps to promote BIM integration. Therefore, it is recommended that BIM adoption be prioritized by addressing these barriers to enhance project outcomes. Shifting from traditional methods to BIM will lead to more efficient and effective construction processes, making BIM's broader adoption essential for the industry's future success
Employing topology optimization method to create optimum telecommunication tower design structure
Full text linkRecently, the employment of topology optimization (TO) in structural engineering design has gained a significant structural performance, also, TO is employed by designers for developing aesthetically and efficient buildings. In this work, TO is employed to design novel and rigged structures of communication towers. The way that the TO algorithm works is to intelligently create the 3D model by preserving architectural features with tradeoffs between the stiffness and weight ratio. The present work focuses on the investigation of creating optimal self-supported communication towers. Results concerning the prime observation of optimization analyses and the potential benefits of TO in designing telecommunication tower lattices are drawn
Cloud OCR implementation in Iraqi government SaaS: A step towards digital transformation
Full text linkThe present paper examines the deployment of Cloud Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology within the Software as a Service (SaaS) platforms of the Iraqi government, which can be considered a strategic step in digitalization in notary uses. The benefits, challenges, and possible outcomes of Cloud OCR incorporation into different government services are discussed in order to outline the opportunities it creates in terms of accelerating citizens’ efficient and transparent access to available services. Cloud OCR allows the Iraqi government to facilitate document processing, enhance the accuracy of provided data, and accelerate decision-making, especially for notarized processing. The paper depicted the MATLAB simulations for processing times of OCR and paper-based text extraction methods across multiple iterations along with accuracy rates for both cases for 25 documents that validate the main objective of this study. The significance of microstrip devices, IoT, AI, and cybersecurity in Cloud OCR are as well determined in this study
Automatic human age estimation from face images using MLP and RBF neural network algorithms in secure communication networks
Full text linkAge estimation finds application in several contexts including biometric authentication, surveillance, forensic investigations, and the entertainment industries, among others, making it a realistic, complex, and relevant problem in the subfield of machine vision and pattern recognition. This article proposes a system that can determine the age of people by applying the multilayer perceptron neural network technique, feature fusion, and integration. It is imperative to define three fundamental stages of the proposed procedure. One of the methods necessary at the first stage involves face parts detection and resizing. The second activity is feature extraction of the facial regions of the video frames. To do this, we select and use features through the use of Gabor Filters, SIFT, and LBP with optimal values being picked through combinations. The third step in the process entails making an age range prediction of the face image using neural network algorithms such as MLP and RBF for securing communication networks. For further reduction of dimensions and for getting rid of any possibly overlapping features, independent component analysis (ICA) is used. The datasets adopted for this research work are FG-NET and PAL which are widely acclaimed research data sets. Simply based on the features adopted, the proposed age estimate procedure was seemingly superior to the MLP algorithm and possessed high accuracy for a given range of ages