Bulletin of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering (BCSEE)
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Prior Viral Infection Determines the Mode and Severity of Monkeypox Virus
No full text•Patients display distinct skin pathologies while sharing similar clinical features•HIV patient co-infected with monkeypox had severe cutaneous abnormalities•HCV patient co-infected with monkeypox present with mild skin changes•Type of prior viral infection determines the severity of monkeypox infection
Monkeypox (MPox) is a zoonotic virus in the genus Orthopoxvirus. It is transmitted from animal to human, and between humans. The clinical presentations vary, starting with a prodrome phase to different skin findings and systemic complications.
We present two distinctive cases of MPox co-infected with other viruses (Hepatitis C Virus, HCV; and Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV). Surprisingly, the MPox patient with a history of HCV developed different skin pathological characteristics (less severe inflammatory changes than the classic HCV or MPox patient alone). In contrast, HIV-infected patients presented with MPox had severe inflammatory cutaneous changes, and distortion of the skin architecture.
Our findings strongly suggest that the MPox infections likely occur in the presence of one or more previous other viral infections, and the prior infection with specific microbes determines the severity of MPox infection
Malignant Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: An Orthogonal Analysis
No full textBACKGROUNDPancreatic solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPN) are generally indolent; however, some patients present with "malignant" SPN. An orthogonal analysis of multiple datasets was performed to investigate the utility of complete surgical resection (CSR) for malignant SPN. METHODSA systematic review was performed for cases of malignant SPN, defined as T4, N1, and/or M1. Malignant SPN was analyzed within the National Cancer Database (NCDB) and compared with T1-3N0M0 SPN. Predictors of malignant SPN were assessed, and treatments were analyzed by using survival analysis. RESULTSThe systematic review yielded 164 cases of malignant SPN. Of 31 children, only one died due to malignant SPN. Among adults, CSR was associated with improved disease-specific survival (DSS) (P = 0.0002). Chemotherapy did not improve malignant SPN DSS, whether resected (P = 0.8485) or not (P = 0.2219). Of 692 adults with SPN within the NCDB, 93 (13.4%) had malignant SPN. Pancreatic head location (odds ratio [OR] 2.174; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.136-4.166; P = 0.0186) and tumor size (OR 1.154; 95% CI 1.079-1.235; P < 0.0001) associated with the malignant phenotype. Malignant SPN predicted decreased overall survival (OS) compared with T1-3N0M0 disease (P < 0.0001). Resected malignant SPN demonstrated improved OS (P < 0.0001), including resected stage IV malignant SPN (P = 0.0003). Chemotherapy did not improve OS for malignant SPN, whether resected (P = 0.8633) or not (P = 0.5734). Within a multivariable model, resection was associated with decreased hazard of death (hazard ratio 0.090; 95% CI 0.030-0.261; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONSApproximately 13% of patients with SPN present with a malignant phenotype. Pediatric cases may be less aggressive. Resection may improve survival for malignant SPN, which does not appear chemosensitive
Improved Treatment Outcome with Haloperidol Decanoate and Amantadine in an Adolescent with Schizoaffective Disorder
No full textSevere retinal hemorrhages at various levels with a serous retinal detachment in a pediatric patient with aplastic anemia-A case report
No full textBackgroundAplastic anemia can cause ophthalmic abnormalities in patients. Vision loss in a child with aplastic anemia due to massive retinal hemorrhages at various levels is rare. Case presentationA pediatric patient with aplastic anemia presented with retinal hemorrhages at multiple levels along with a serous retinal detachment in both eyes and subsequent retinal changes after pars plana vitrectomy. ConclusionAnemia and thrombocytopenia in aplastic anemia could cause severe retinal hemorrhages and result in retinal atrophy and retinal edema. Vitrectomy can be performed to remove vitreous hemorrhage, but risk factors for retinal atrophy and edema need further investigation
Low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) as a potential novel intervention strategy to protect human scalp hair follicles from taxane-induced toxicity
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Dynamics of task-based confidence in schizophrenia using seasonal decomposition approach
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There is some evidence that people with schizophrenia do not incorporate momentary feedback.
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We use novel time-series based approaches such as seasonal decomposition and ARIMA to further the understanding.
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Evidence from lab based cognitive tasks indicates that people with schizophrenia do not respond randomly or preservatively.
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Findings support a bias toward self-generated information in participants with schizophrenia when task criteria were not specified.
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Findings can aid in developing problem solving strategies that incorporate external feedback with self-generated information
Current conservation education practices and materials development at an AZA Aquarium
No full textZoos and aquariums have been highlighted as informal education environments for conservation education programs. The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) member organizations are required to include education and conservation in their missions. One aim of this project completed-was to focus on fulfilling the aquarium’s mission to “inspire conservation of the world’s aquatic treasures” (National Aquarium, 2023). This was achieved by investigating how to best communicate scientific information in an informal education setting for the purpose of aiding marine conservation efforts. Based on this research, education materials for homeschooling and outreach programs were created and updated. Education materials developed include educational presentations to be delivered at libraries as well as games and take-home packets to support the National Aquarium’s homeschool programs. An observational evaluation survey was also created to be completed during future outreach programs to aid in their evaluation. This project allows for a better understanding of current educational and conservation practices at an AZA-accredited facility, with the hope that these materials will aid in the aquarium’s mission and influence visitor behavior change towards environmentally positive outcomes
Immunochemotherapy plus lenalidomide for high-risk mantle cell lymphoma with measurable residual disease evaluation
No full textChemoimmunotherapy followed by consolidative high -dose therapy with autologous stem cell rescue was a standard upfront treatment for fit patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in first remission; however, treatment paradigms are evolving in the era of novel therapies. Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory agent with known efficacy in treating MCL. We conducted a single -center, investigator -initiated, phase II study of immunochemotherapy incorporating lenalidomide, without autologous stem cell transplant consolidation, enriching for patients with high -risk MCL (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT02633137). Patients received four cycles of lenalidomide-R-CHOP, two cycles of R-HiDAC, and six cycles of R-lenalidomide. The primary endpoint was rate of 3 -year progression -free survival. We measured measurable residual disease (MRD) using a next -generation sequencing -based assay after each phase of treatment and at 6 months following end -oftreatment. We enrolled 49 patients of which 47 were response evaluable. By intent -to -treat, rates of overall and complete response were equivalent at 88% (43/49), one patient with stable disease, and two patients had disease progression during study; 3 -year progression -free survival was 63% (primary endpoint not met) and differed by TP53 status (78% wild -type vs. 38% ALT; P=0.043). MRD status was prognostic and predicted long-term outcomes following R-HiDAC and at 6 months following end -of -treatment. In a high -dose therapy -sparing, intensive approach, we achieved favorable outcomes in TP53- wild-type MCL, including high -risk cases. We confirmed that sequential MRD assessment is a powerful prognostic tool in patients with MCL.</p