Revista Facultad de Jurisprudencia
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Uma análise do fundo de pensão do IESS
No full textReview of Borja Laverde, Patricia E., La Descapitalización del Fondo de Pensiones del IESS vs. el derecho de los Afiliados, Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, Quito, 2018, 234 pp. ISBN 978-9942-10-422-9.
JEL CODEL: H55, G23Recensión de Borja Laverde, Patricia E., La Descapitalización del Fondo de Pensiones del IESS vs. el derecho de los Afiliados, Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, Quito, 2018, 234 pp. ISBN 978-9942-10-422-9.
Review of Borja Laverde, Patricia E., La Descapitalización del Fondo de Pensiones del IESS vs. el derecho de los Afiliados, Corporación de Estudios y Publicaciones, Quito, 2018, 234 pp. ISBN 978-9942-10-422-9.
KEY WORDS: pensions, IESS, retirement, decapitalization, system reform.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: H55, G2
O direito de viver com a família e a subsidiariedade da adoção à luz do interesse superior da criança
No full textAdoption rates in Chile, in relation to the number of children placed in alternative care systems, are considerably low. Although there are a multiplicity of factors that motivate the previous situation, one that we consider of particular relevance, is linked to a mistaken interpretation of the principle of subsidiarity of adoption; according to which, the right of the parents is privileged, over the right of the children to live and be raised in the bosom of a family, which we consider to be in contravention of their superior interest. The objective of this article is to analyze the child’s right to live in a family and the principle of subsidiarity of adoption, in the light of the best interests of the child.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: K36, D1RESUMEN:Los índices de adopción en Chile, en relación al número de niños ubicados en sistemas de cuidados alternativos, resulta considerablemente bajo. Si bien existen una multiplicidad de factores que motivan la situación anterior, uno que estimamos de particular releí‚vancia, se vincula a una errada interpretación del principio de subsií‚diaridad de la adopción; en función de la cual, se privilegia el derecho de los padres, por sobre el derecho de los niños a vivir y criarse en el el seno de una familia, lo que estimamos contraviene su interés superior. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el derecho del niño a vivir en familia y el principio de subsidiaridad de la adopción, a la luz del interés superior del niño.
ABSTRACT:Adoption rates in Chile, in relation to the number of children placed in alternative care systems, are considerably low. Although there are a multiplicity of factors that motivate the previous situation, one that we consider of particular relevance, is linked to a mistaken interpretation of the principle of subsidiarity of adoption; according to which, the right of the parents is privileged, over the right of the children to live and be raised in the bosom of a family, which we consider to be in contravention of their superior interest. The objective of this article is to analyze the child’s right to live in a family and the principle of subsidiarity of adoption, in the light of the best interests of the child.
KEY WORDS: subsidiarity of adoption, rights of the child, best interests of the child, family, parents.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: K36, D
Trabalho e regulação do mercado: uma revisão da perspectiva do liberalismo clássico
No full textThis paper aims to review the economic implications of labor regulation, seeks to describe the causes of the labor problem, as well as suggesting criteria to improve the conditions of workers. We analyze the different myths and premises on which labor regulations are based and reflect on their theoretical hold.
JEL CODE: L11, L22RESUMENEste artículo tiene como objetivo revisar las implicaciones económicas de la regulación laboral, busca describir las causas del problema laboral, así como sugerir criterios para mejorar las condiciones de los trabajadores. Analizamos los diferentes mitos y premisas en las que se basa la normativa laboral y reflexionamos sobre su fundamento teórico.
RESUMOO presente artigo faz uma reflexão acerca das implicâncias econômicas da regulação laboral, é assim como surge um critério para melhorar as condições dos trabalhadores. Se analisa os diferentes mitos e premissas em que as regulações laborais refletem sobre sua aderência teórica.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: regulação do trabalho, mercado, direito e economia, liberalismo, troca econômica.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: L11, L22O presente artigo faz uma reflexão acerca das implicâncias econômicas da regulação laboral, é assim como surge um critério para melhorar as condições dos trabalhadores. Se analisa os diferentes mitos e premissas em que as regulações laborais refletem sobre sua aderência teórica.
JEL CODE: L11, L2
Política pública de imigração equatoriana no caso da crise migratória venezuelana
No full textThis article has the objective to analyze immigration public policy of Ecuador in the case of Venezuelan immigration crisis, taking into consideration the period from August 2018 until mid-2019. The research is based on a theoretical framework of human rights in which the data for the analysis are taken from the information contained in press releases, declarations of public officials, legal norms and judicial decisions. The results show that the inclusive and guarantee legal framework of rights in immigration matters of Ecuador contrasts with actions of the executive branch aimed at limiting rights and differentiated treatment towards people of Venezuelan nationality in their entry and transit through Ecuador. It is concluded that a securitist migration public policy has been implemented that contradicts the existing constitutional and legal framework.
KEY WORDS: Ecuador, Venezuela, immigration, public policy, humanitarian crisis
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: F22, O15RESUMENEl artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la política pública migratoria del Ecuador frente al caso de la crisis migratoria venezolana, tomando en consideración el periodo comprendido entre agosto de 2018 hasta mediados del año 2019. Se elaboró a partir del marco teórico de los derechos humanos. Los datos para el análisis son tomados a partir de la información contenida en notas de prensa, declaraciones de funcionarios públicos, normas legales y decisiones judiciales. Los resultados muestran que el marco jurídico inclusivo y garantista de derechos en materia migratoria del Ecuador contrasta con acciones del poder ejecutivo tendientes a la limitación de derechos y trato diferenciado hacia las personas de nacionalidad venezolana en su ingreso y tránsito por el país. Se concluye que se ha implementado una política pública migratoria securitista que contradice el marco constitucional y legal existente.
ABSTRACTThis article has the objective to analyze immigration public policy of Ecuador in the case of Venezuelan immigration crisis, taking into consideration the period from August 2018 until mid-2019. The research is based on a theoretical framework of human rights in which the data for the analysis are taken from the information contained in press releases, declarations of public officials, legal norms and judicial decisions. The results show that the inclusive and guarantee legal framework of rights in immigration matters of Ecuador contrasts with actions of the executive branch aimed at limiting rights and differentiated treatment towards people of Venezuelan nationality in their entry and transit through Ecuador. It is concluded that a securitist migration public policy has been implemented that contradicts the existing constitutional and legal framework.
KEY WORDS: Ecuador, Venezuela, immigration, public policy, humanitarian crisis
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: F22, O1
A garantia da boa governança do Instituto Equatoriano de Previdência Social vs. o papel da Superintendência de Bancos no período 2015-2018
No full textThis paper aims to analyse those legal actions related to the Ecuadorian law, the Resolution enacted by the CPCCS-T, and the consequences of the adopted measures, and as such, it seeks to determine whether the omissions attributed to the former Superintedent indeed they were configured, and, in this situation, it wil be considered if, as a result, the financing structure and the assets of the Pension Fund of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security has suffered great harm that could violate the constitutional right of social security of the insured population.
JEL CODE: L11, L22RESUMENEl presente documento introduce un análisis acerca de dichas actuaciones para lo cual, se tomará en consideración la legislación ecuatoriana, la Resolución del Consejo de Participación Ciudadana y Control Social Transitorio (CPCCS-T) y los efectos de las medidas adoptadas, para determinar si las omisiones atribuidas al ex Superintendente efectivamente se configuraron; y, en este caso, se considerará si como consecuencia de aquello, la estructura de financiamiento y el patrimonio del Fondo de Pensiones del IESS han sufrido algún detrimento que pudiera vulnerar el derecho constitucional a la seguridad social de la población asegurada.
ABSTRACTThis paper aims to analyse those legal actions related to the Ecuadorian law, the Resolution enacted by the CPCCS-T, and the consequences of the adopted measures, and as such, it seeks to determine whether the omissions attributed to the former Superintedent indeed they were configured, and, in this situation, it wil be considered if, as a result, the financing structure and the assets of the Pension Fund of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security has suffered great harm that could violate the constitutional right of social security of the insured population.
KEY WORDS: Ecuador, social security, Social and economic rights, Management audit.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: L11, L2
Eficiência do Direito Penal equatoriano: Análise econômica de contravenções
No full textThis paper develops and indicates the economic analysis of criminal law, specifically misdemeanors in Ecuador. It focuses on a theoretical study of the circumstances that motivate the offender to commit unlawful acts and incur the commission of minor offenses, the penalties referred to as a sanction for these acts and the cost to the state. The document is focus on a study of law based on microeconomics science to indicate the responsibility of the subject who commits minor offenses, how the country responses to these actions and the way it tries to avoid offenses improving public policies.
KEYWORDS: criminal law, minor offences, contraventions, cost-benefit, incentives.
JEL CODE: D61, G14RESUMENEste documento introduce el análisis económico del Derecho Penal, específicamente de los delitos menores en el Estado ecuatoriano; se enfoca en un estudio teórico de las circunstancias que motivan al delincuente a cometer actos ilícitos e incurrir en la comisión de delitos menores, las penas contempladas como sanción de estos actos y el costo que representa para el Estado la existencia de este tipo de contravenciones. El enfoque del estudio parte de las herramientas otorgadas por la microeconomía para indicar la responsabilidad del sujeto que comete delitos menores y la respuesta del Estado ecuatoriano frente a este tipo penal, con el fin de mejorar las políticas públicas y de este modo conseguir el bien social.
ABSTRACTThis paper develops and indicates the economic analysis of criminal law, specifically misdemeanors in Ecuador. It focuses on a theoretical study of the circumstances that motivate the offender to commit unlawful acts and incur the commission of minor offenses, the penalties referred to as a sanction for these acts and the cost to the state.The document is focus on a study of law based on microeconomics science to indicate the responsibility of the subject who commits minor offenses, how the country responses to these actions and the way it tries to avoid offenses improving public policies.
KEYWORDS: criminal law, minor offences, contraventions, cost-benefit, incentives.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: D61, G1
O ensino do direito como espaço de conflito em uma sociedade diversa: contribuições para o debate
No full textThe present text seeks to contribute with elements of analysis regarding the role of the law schools of Ecuador as spaces of construction and reproduction of forms of power that could conspire, through its contents and practices, with a system of social changes. The hypothesis that handles this work is that, when analyzing the practices like Faculties, and the social mechanisms that are generated in the legal practices, what is done is to have a formal and functional legal system but in the practical sense perpetuates the errors and Vices that at least in theory, teachers of law supposed to fight, all this in the middle of a conflict between continuity of change, signified between the more traditional positivism, and critical schools.
KEY WORDS: Ecuador, power, Law, Higher Education, andragogy.
JEL CODE: F51, D74RESUMENEl presente texto busca hacer aportar con elementos de análisis respecto del papel de las escuelas de Derecho de nuestro país como espacios de construcción y reproducción de formas de poder que podrían conspirar, mediante sus contenidos y prácticas, con un sistema de cambio social. La hipótesis que maneja este trabajo es que, al analizar las prácticas como Facultades, y los mecanismos sociales que se generan en las prácticas jurídicas, lo que se hace es tener un sistema jurídico formal y funcional pero que en el sentido práctico perpetua los errores y vicios que al menos en teoría, los docentes de derecho suponen luchar, todo esto en medio de un conflicto entre continuidad de cambio, signado entre el positivismo más tradicional, y escuelas críticas.
ABSTRACTThe present text seeks to contribute with elements of analysis regarding the role of the law schools of Ecuador as spaces of construction and reproduction of forms of power that could conspire, through its contents and practices, with a system of social changes. The hypothesis that handles this work is that, when analyzing the practices like Faculties, and the social mechanisms that are generated in the legal practices, what is done is to have a formal and functional legal system but in the practical sense perpetuates the errors and Vices that at least in theory, teachers of law supposed to fight, all this in the middle of a conflict between continuity of change, signified between the more traditional positivism, and critical schools.
KEY WORDS: Ecuador, power, Law, Higher Education, andragogy.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: F51, D7
A perspectiva dos jovens de hoje em relação à evolução do feminismo
No full textThe purpose of this project is to describe a reality that affects the majority of the female population and in certain aspects also the male population, the struggle for equality. Claim for movements like feminism. This movement will be analyzed from its origins in the light of the multiple positions that have emerged over the years. In addition, it will focus on the importance and the way in which this movement has caused “positive” and “negative” impacts on contemporary society and how these have been disseminated.
JEL CODE: B54, J13RESUMENEste proyecto tiene como finalidad, describir una realidad que afecta a la mayoría de la población femenina y en ciertos aspectos también a la población masculina, la lucha por la igualdad. Reivindicar por movimientos como el feminismo. Este movimiento será analizado desde sus orígenes a la luz de las múltiples posturas que han surgido a través de los años. Además, se enfocará en la importancia y la forma en que este movimiento ha causado impacto “positivo” y “negativo” en la sociedad contemporánea y cómo estos han sido divulgados.
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this project is to describe a reality that affects the majority of the female population and in certain aspects also the male population, the struggle for equality. Claim for movements like feminism. This movement will be analyzed from its origins in the light of the multiple positions that have emerged over the years. In addition, it will focus on the importance and the way in which this movement has caused “positive” and “negative” impacts on contemporary society and how these have been disseminated.
KEYWORDS: evolution, phenomenon, ideology, discrimination, uprising.
JEL CODE /CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: B54, J1
Regulamento de Lobby: Uma tarefa pendente no Ecuador
No full textThis paper analyze the lobbying regulation as a political participation mechanism acquired and commonly used by civil society. It draws a theoretical framework that argues how transparency contributes to lobbying legitimacy. Through an analytic comparative method, it is the aim of the article to prove lack of instruments within the Ecuadorian legal system, in contrast with the Chilean, Peruvian, Argentines and Colombian law, in order to foster transparency of interest groups influence.
KEYWORDS: lobby, civil society, democracy, regulation, public politics.
JEL CODE: G18, L51RESUMENEste documento es un análisis de la regulación del lobbying como un mecanismo de participación política de los actores de la sociedad civil, desde las propuestas teóricas que consideran que la transparencia aporta a la legitimidad de esta actividad. En este artículo se utiliza una metodología analítica comparativa para demostrar que el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, a diferencia del chileno, peruano, argentino y colombiano, carece de instrumentos regulatorios para transparentar la influencia de los “grupos de presión” en los procesos de toma de decisiones públicas.
ABSTRACTThis paper analyze the lobbying regulation as a political participation mechanism acquired and commonly used by civil society. It draws a theoretical framework that argues how transparency contributes to lobbying legitimacy. Through an analytic comparative method, it is the aim of the article to prove lack of instruments within the Ecuadorian legal system, in contrast with the Chilean, Peruvian, Argentines and Colombian law, in order to foster transparency of interest groups influence.
KEYWORDS: lobby, civil society, democracy, regulation, public politics.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: G18, L5
Direito Hodierno: Utilidade do Dedutivismo na Práxis visa o Ideal Eficaz
No full textThrough the document, it is identified if the deductivism is useful or not in the empirical exercise of hodiernal right, which aims to achieve the maximum efficacy. It is determined the relevance of economic analysis, in the reason of, jurists develop reasoning processes like deduction, with an incidence of exogenous aspects such as economy, and its effectiveness is linked to those. It is concluded that the deduction is useful in the praxis of hodiernal right, because it allows contrast, compare and extract essentialities of all information, but also requires other rational resources that complement and provide a predictive notion and increase the level of effectiveness normative.
KEYWORDS: hodiernal, right, economy, deductivism, efficacy.
JEL CODE: H21, H6RESUMENA través del documento se identifica si el deductivismo es o no útil en el ejercicio empírico del derecho hodierno, que, pretende alcanzar la mayor eficacia posible. Se determina la relevancia del análisis económico, porque los juristas desarrollan procesos de razonamiento como la deducción, con incidencia de aspectos exógenos como la economía, y su eficacia está ligada a ellos. Se concluye que la deducción es útil en la praxis del derecho hodierno, porque permite contrastar, comparar y extraer esencialidades de toda información sensopercibida, pero, también se requiere de otros recursos racionales que se complementan y proporcionan una noción predictiva e incrementan el nivel de eficacia normativa.
ABSTRACTThrough the document, it is identified if the deductivism is useful or not in the empirical exercise of hodiernal right, which aims to achieve the maximum efficacy. It is determined the relevance of economic analysis, in the reason of, jurists develop reasoning processes like deduction, with an incidence of exogenous aspects such as economy, and its effectiveness is linked to those. It is concluded that the deduction is useful in the praxis of hodiernal right, because it allows contrast, compare and extract essentialities of all information, but also requires other rational resources that complement and provide a predictive notion and increase the level of effectiveness normative.
KEYWORDS: hodiernal, right, economy, deductivism, efficacy.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: H21, H