Portal de Revistas Académicas UC Temuco
Not a member yet
1040 research outputs found
Sort by
An effect of farm mechanization on Indian agriculture with respect to rice yiled.
Get PDFThe state of Indian agriculture has progressed a lot since the beginning of green revolution which led to the use of present day modern agricultural farm machineries and equipment’s. Along with this the supplier of the various inputs for several agricultural process has also seen a rising trend for the past decades. As a result, it has increased the production and productivity of agricultural crops to a great extent. This research paper has tried to find out the relationship and effect of the use of agricultural machinery which includes tractors and other farm equipment on rice productivity. For this purpose, it has used time series data and a simple regression model. The paper concludes by a policy recommendation and formulation of a technique or method to provide farm machinery by applying the principle of PDS system in India to tractor distribution system to those farmers who cannot afford it due to lack of money
Farm economic efficiency gap due to gender discrimination-evidence from USAID markets II Programme participating small-scale farmers in Kano state of Nigeria.: EFarm economic efficiency gap due to gender discrimination-evidence from USAID markets II Programme participating small-scale farmers in Kano state of Nigeria.
No full textThe research empirically isolate the impact of gender discrimination on the farm economic efficiency gap between the women and men farmers participating in USAID MARKETS II programme in Nigeria’s Kano State. Using an easy cost-route approach, a structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule was used to draw a cross-sectional data from 189 beneficiaries selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. The collected data were subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. From the empirical evidences, it was established that gender differential has both effect and impact on the farm economic efficiency of the women farmers, thus make them to be at disadvantage compared to their men counterpart. Besides, the extension gap which affected the farm economic efficiency of the women farmers against the men gender owes to gender stereotype. Further, in isolating the impact of gender differential, it was observed that efficiency gaps of technical and cost efficiencies between the two genders owe majorly to gender discrimination. Besides, both gender discrimination and endowment factor had equal contribution to the yield gap between the two groups. However, profit efficiency gap between the genders owes majorly to endowment effect. Generally, it can be inferred that the active participation of the women beneficiaries in the programme is slowdown by gender discrimination viz. gender inequality and gender stereotype, thus inhibited their farm business going concern. Therefore, for the programme sustainability, the programme should include gender budget in their plan so as to enable the women gender break the jinx of gender inequality- poor access and control over productive resources
En medio de los medios, o la situación de calle como retórica de la marginación
Get PDFThe way homelessness has been treated by the media makes it appearas a reality made of incompleteness and alienations. In the former, theimage of the impairment that can only be there (being homeless seen as a lack but not only of housing), and in the latter, its consideration as an effect of forces that are beyond itself (being homeless as a result of structural dynamics). The population in question, despite finally emerging as an object of public attention, has not exactly been seen as subjects. They are no longer people, but people living on the street. Its rhetorical articulation as a problem is posed as a simplified issue crossed by readings that point at it from a synonym of death, scarcity, vulnerability or violence, to a source of conflict and a product of displacements and unwanted non-urban sites, even as objects of intervention and charity, or as stories of improvement and entertainment. The purpose of this article is to present a panoramic view of how the subject has been approached in the media, the way in which it becomes another part of the forces that act in its construction. To do so, the crystallized speeches of the national and international written press during a period of approximately fifteen years (1997 to 2012) and the form and time in which they were carried out are reviewed. The conclusions, which emphasize that it is not a phenomenon of purely residential exclusion, point out the non-neutrality of the frames of representation, in addition to the blindness around the seasonal, overshadowing and reproductiveeffect of such treatment.Pensado como un fenómeno impensable por quienes lo vivencian, la situación de calle, en el tratamiento mediático que de ella se hace, aparece como una realidad hecha de incompletitud y ajenidades. En lo uno la imagen del menoscabo que ahí solo puede haber (sin techo visto como falta pero no únicamente de vivienda), y en lo otro su consideración como efecto de fuerzas que están más allá de sí (sin techo como resultado de dinámicas estructurales), la población en cuestión, a pesar de por fin emerger como objeto de atención pública, no lo ha sido exactamente en condición de sujetos. Ya no personas sino personas en situación de calle, su articulación retórica como problema se plantea como un tema simplificado y cruzado por lecturas que lo señalan desde sinónimo de muerte, carencia, desprotección o violencia, a fuente de conflicto y producto de desplazamientos y emplazamientos no queridos, incluso como objeto de intervención y caridad, o como historias de superación y entretenimiento. Ahí sus énfasis, es propósito de este artículo presentar discutida y panorámicamente el modo cómo el tema ha sido abordado en los medios, luego la manera en que ello se transforma en otra de las fuerzas que actúan en su construcción. Hacerlo a partir de los cristalizados discursos de la prensa escrita nacional e internacional durante un período aproximado a los quince años (1997 a 2012), la forma y tiempo en que se realizó. Las conclusiones, queremarcan que no se trata de un fenómeno de exclusión puramente residencial, señalan la no neutralidad de los marcos de representación, amén de su ceguera en torno al propio efecto estacional, invisibilizador y reproductor de tal tratamiento
Vulnerabilidades y estrategias de supervivencia de mujeres en situación de calle
Get PDFHomelessness is, for many, one of the crudest expressions of precariousness, poverty, and vulnerability. This paper presents an approach to homeless women's experiences and survival strategies based on the conceptual tools provided by the approach of the "assets-vulnerability-opportunities structure" (AVEO) approach, in order to generate a comprehensive reading of this population' s specificities. To this end, we contrast the literature and a semi-structured interview series with homeless women in the city of Ibagué, Colombia. We identify some of the vulnerability and gender violence factors, as well as to briefly describe three survival strategies in which the use of different assets is advocated to meet basic daily needs, such as the use of the existing institutional offer, the use of social and affective interactions and relationships as a way of satisfying immediate vital demands, and the use of the body as an asset. It is concluded that there is practical rationality that guides the ways of life on the street, from which women manage to survive within the framework of their known vulnerabilities. Ultimately, it is necessary to identify the specific vulnerability factors of each territorial context to propose interventions that have an impact on expanding and strengthening the structure of opportunities, thus making it possible to think of interventions that do not fall back on welfare and the denial of the actors' agency. It also opens the discussion about the approach’s adequacy to analyze the symbolic elements’ role, such as the body.La situación de calle es, para muchos, una de las expresiones más crudas de precariedad, pobreza y vulnerabilidad. El presente trabajo plantea una aproximación a las experiencias y estrategias de supervivencia de mujeres en situación de calle a partir de herramientas conceptuales aportadas por el enfoque de “activos-vulnerabilidad-estructura de oportunidades” (AVEO), con la finalidad de generar una lectura comprensiva de las especificidades de esta población. Para ello, se realizó un contraste entre la literatura y una serie de entrevistas a mujeres en situación de calle de la ciudad de Ibagué, Colombia. Se identificaron algunos de factores de vulnerabilidad y de violencia de género, y se describieron brevemente tres estrategias de supervivencia que propenden por el uso de diferentes activos con tal de afrontar las necesidades básicas en el día a día, tales como el uso de la oferta institucional existente, el recurso a las interacciones y las relaciones sociales y afectivas como forma de satisfacer las exigencias vitales inmediatas y el uso del cuerpo como un activo. Se evidencia una racionalidad práctica que orienta las formas de vida en la calle, a partir de la cual las mujeres logran sobrevivir en el marco de sus vulnerabilidades consabidas. Se concluye que es necesario continuar con la identificación de los factores de vulnerabilidad específicos de cada contexto territorial con tal de plantear intervenciones que amplíen y fortalezcan la estructura de oportunidades, y de esa forma, pensar en intervenciones que no se limiten al asistencialismo y la negación de la agencia de los actores. También, se abre la discusión de la adecuación del enfoque para analizar el papel de elementos como el cuerpo
Del problema oculto al generizado: un estado del arte de los estudios sobre el abuso y la violencia hacia las personas mayores en el Norte global (1970-2020)
Get PDFThis article presents a state-of-the-art review of health and social science studies on violence towards elder people commited in the Global North between 1970 and 2020. First, the initial concern over the so- called hidden problem of abuse of elder people (1970- 1980) is reviewed; second, its conformation as a public problem (1980-2000) is analyzed; and third, the emergence of feminist positioning on abuse and violence towards elder people as a gendered problem (1990-2020) is addressed. In the final considerations, some reflections on this investigative journey, focusing on the feminist contributions to this field of study are presented.El artículo presenta un estado del arte de estudios de las ciencias sociales y de la salud sobre la violencia hacia las personas mayores producidos en el Norte global entre 1970 y 2020. Comenzaremos revisando la preocupacióninicial sobre el llamado problema oculto del abuso hacia las personas mayores (1970-1980), para después analizar su conformación como un problema público (1980-2000). Posteriormente, abordaremos la emergencia del posicionamiento feminista sobre el abuso y la violencia hacia las personas mayores como un problema generizado (1990-2020). En las consideraciones finales, ofreceremos nuestras reflexiones sobre este recorrido investigativo y nos detendremos en los aportes feministas a este campo de estudio
Vinculación familia-escuela-comunidad: una necesidad para la educación intercultural en infancia
Get PDFThis article aims to provide reflective routes and concrete actions that allow progress in the family-school-community link, as a necessity to rethink intercultural education from childhood. This implies that the actors of the educational environment, such as kindergarten educators and nursery assistants, and the actors of the social environment, such as the family community, establish intercultural educational relationships based on respect for the other as a legitimate other. The foregoing, to favor educational processes, from a social, cultural and territorial relevance approach, which allows questioning racism and discriminatory practices present in our society. The methodology is a bibliographic review at the national and international level that supports a theoretical reflection on the possibilities of generating a dialogue between Western content and indigenous knowledge in early childhood education, from an intercultural educational approach. The main results show a set of action tracks that promote a rapprochement between family-school community. We conclude in the urgency of articulation of Mapuche and school educational knowledge, to form early childhood from an intercultural epistemological pluralism.El objetivo del artículo es aportar con rutas reflexivas y acciones concretas que permitan avanzar en la vinculación familia-escuela-comunidad, como una necesidad para repensar la educación intercultural desde la infancia. Esto implica que los actores del medio educativo como educadoras/es de párvulos y asistentes de párvulos y los actores del medio social como la familia-comunidad, establezcan relaciones educativas interculturales con base en el respeto al otro como legítimo otro. Lo anterior, para favorecer los procesos educativos, desde un enfoque de pertinencia social, cultural y territorial, que permita cuestionar el racismo y las prácticas discriminatorias presentes en nuestra sociedad. La metodología es una revisión bibliográfica a nivel nacional e internacional que sustenta una reflexión teórica sobre las posibilidades de generar un diálogo entre contenidos occidentales y conocimiento indígena en la educación inicial, desde un enfoque educativo intercultural. Los principales resultados dan cuenta de un conjunto de pistas de acción que potencian un acercamiento entre familia-escuela-comunidad. Concluimos en la urgencia para articular los saberes educativos mapuches y escolares, para formar la primera infancia desde un pluralismo epistemológico intercultural
Presentación Dossier: Niñez y adolescencia: derechos, protección, cuidados y participación
Get PDF  
Participation and Role of Women in Dairy Farming, Jaipur district, Rajasthan
Get PDFThe woman has always been the strength of agriculture and other related activities such as dairy farming, animal husbandry, fisheries, etc. but her control over agriculture resources, livestock and its products is minimal. A survey study was conducted to find out the participation and decision-making of women in dairy farming in Chomu Tehsil of Jaipur district of Rajasthan. 100 farm women were selected from a total of 200 families, which owned more than five milk-producing animals, by simple random sampling. Data were collected through a personal interview technique where a structured interview schedule was used. Dairy farming activities were divided into three categories: Animal care, Management of Animals, and Processing and Marketing of Milk Products. The majority of the women (45%), involved in dairy farming were in the age group of 25-35 years, and most of them (87%) were from the OBC category. 67 percent of the women lived in joint families and 40% of women had medium landholding. Women’s participation was mainly (73%) in daily animal care activities such as feeding & watering, storage of feed and fodder, taking animals for grazing, cleaning the animal sheds, and milking. They were also doing some management related activities like maintaining farm and dairy records (76%), but participation and involvement in decision making were found very low in processing and marketing of dairy farm products especially in products, which required greater technical skills and are to be sold in the outside market i.e. Paneer, Rasgulla, and Gulabjamun. Dairy products like Ghee and Mawa which need less technical skill and can be sold locally; women were actively involved in processing and marketing. Women of younger age had a significant role in decision making regarding animal care and management-related activities but their participation and domination were also less in activities of economic nature. The study concluded that dairy farm women need to strengthen more through extension work and better information flow to empower them and make dairy farming a sustainable enterprise
Evaluation of some heavy metals and physico-chemical properties of soil under two sampling depths in Gambari Forest Reserve (GFR) , Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Get PDFThis study was carried out with the aim of determined the soil depth variations in heavy metals and some physico-chemical properties of soil depths sampled in Gambari Forest Reserve (GFR). It was examined with the purpose of evaluating the environmental impact of human activities on the Forest Reserve. Soil samples were collected randomly from eight plots within the forest at two different depth of 0-15 and 0-30 cm with the aid of soil auger. Systematic sampling design was used to lay two straight line transects, each of 1000 m long and separated by 500 m, in the reserve. Four Temporary Sample Plots (TSP) of size 50 m×50 m were laid along each transect at 250 m interval. Furthermore, a 6 × 6 m subplot was laid out at the centre of each plot. Samples of about 500 g each were collected in plastic bags and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The physico-chemical properties were evaluated using standard methods, while metal contents were conducted with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer following wet acid digestion. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. The content of metals (mgkg-1) gave the ranges: 3.02-5.92 Cd, 8.69-14.25 Cr, 1.39-1.67 Cu, 5.01-6.83 Mn, 13.37-14.25 Ni, 3.69-5.89 Pb and 1.59-1.75 Zn, with a variation pattern in order: Ni ˃ Cr ˃ Mn ˃ Pb ˃ Cd ˃ Zn ˃ Cu in both soil depths. With the exception of Cadmium, the degree of pollution varied with, by values that were far less than the upper tolerable limits set by Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization for agricultural soils. Results show that sand had the highest % in soil of the area (92.34). Bulk densities were at ranges of (1.43, 1.45 and 1.23g/cm3) at the depth of 0-15 and 15-30, respectively. The textural classification for each depth of soil was Sandy-loam with percentages of sand (89.9-86.0), silts (10.94-4.41) and clay (5.68-3.03). Considerable spatial variations in contents were observed for all physico-chemical properties in all part of the study sites. GFR is relative nutritious and contain high amount of heavy metals. Therefore, it recommended that reserve should be enriched with tree and properly protected and monitored from encroachment of both human being and animals
Dermatophytosis and antifungal therapies in various systems with special emphasis on homoeopathy: a narrative review
Get PDFSuperficial skin diseases are mainly caused by dermatophytes. Skin affections caused by these dermatophytes are commonly known as ringworm or Tinea or dermatophytosis. Generally, these infections are not that much of serious, but if the infection becomes chronic and resistant to commonly used topical antifungal drugs, it would be very difficult to treat Dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum is the main causative agent of dermatophyte fungal infections followed by T. mentagrophyte. Treatment for these acute and chronic conditions in the conventional system is ineffective. Many studies revealed that Homoeopathic Medicines, Herbals, Siddha Medicines, Ayurvedic Medicines work effectively for these conditions. The present review reveals the effectiveness of Homoeopathic Medicines, Herbals, Siddha Medicines and Ayurvedic Medicines for superficial fungal infections in clinical and in-vitro studies against dermatophytes. Articles published in relevant studies are summarized by different computerized database literature searches (searches were made in PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate and Cochrane)