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Psychosocial adversities in women substance dependence: A case report
Get PDFUntil recently, psychoactive substance use perceived as a male phenomenon. Although men out-rate woman in prevalence of substance use, women are at greater risk for its adverse effects.[1] Gender status influence many aspects of substance use/dependence. Women substance use associated with psychiatric co-morbidity especially depression and anxiety disorder, while men substance use is related with more externalizing spectrum disorders such as antisocial personality.[2-4] Many studies demonstrated that women suffer substantially higher health complications[5] and psychosocial adversities[6] related to substance dependence. Psychosocial factors influencing to the initiation, continuation and outcome of substance use in women
Psychiatric social work intervention with a person with severe depression based on cognitive behavioural case work approach: A case study
Get PDFBackground: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a widely recognized and accepted approach of treatment for depression. Aim: To examine the application of case work based on a cognitive behavioural approach concerning working with a client experiencing severe depression. Methodology: The single-subject case study design was adopted. Based on the assessment, psychiatric social work intervention was provided to client and family members. Pre and post assessment was done to see the effectiveness of psychiatric social work intervention in person with depression. Assessments were done using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI), and Family Assessment Proforma. Results: Client’s level of understanding about the illness was improved and the depressive symptoms were significantly reduced along with somatic complaints. Conclusion: The outcome of the case study approves that the cases with depression can be effectively seen using cognitive behavioural case work approach along with pharmacological treatment.
Keywords: Depression, cognitive behaviour therapy, psychosocial, social work interventio
Impact of family intervention on self-esteem and well-being for individuals with alcohol dependence
No full textBackground: Family interventions are the core interventions in which mental health professionals provide support and understanding of the illness to affected individuals and family members. They work together on planning treatment; provide psychological support and understanding of the disorder. Aim: To study the impact of the family intervention on self-esteem and wellbeing of individuals with alcohol dependence syndrome. Methodology: It was a hospital-based pre-post-design intervention study. Ten samples were purposively selected and equal numbers were assigned to the experimental and control group. Tools used for assessment were - a semi-structured socio-demographic and clinical data sheet, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, PGI General Well-being, and The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Results: The study results show that family intervention brings significant improvement in the family functioning; self-esteem and well being of the study sample which was sustained over three months follow-up period. Conclusion: This line of treatment can be used for better outcome among persons with alcohol dependence syndrome.
Keywords: Alcohol dependence, family interventions, self-esteem, wellbein
Depression among children at shelter care institutions in Terengganu Malaysia
Get PDFBackground: Depression is a state of psychological disease that occurs to someone divers in age due to certain reasons. Among the factors include lack of self-confidence, problematic family, stress, low self-esteem and social environment. It could lead to a mental disorder that endangers the mental health. Aim: To investigate the status of children's depression using the Children Depression Inventory (CDI) at 21 shelter care institutions in Terengganu Malaysia. Methodology: A quantitative research design was used. The sample consists of 404 respondents from 21 Islamic shelter cares such as Tahfiz, Madrasah and Orphanage in Terengganu Malaysia from the age of 10 to 18 years. Data was analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) which were then computed to identify the most dominant factors whereas reducing the initial five parameters with recommended >0.50 of factor loading. Results: Forward stepwise of DA shows the total of groups validation percentage by 92.08% (17 independent). The result showed that the highest frequency of respondent index was at a moderate level (62.87% of respondents). This showed that children still can be controlled and cared to reduce depression.
Keywords: Children, depression, Shelter Car
Biopsychosocial Facets of Women Undergoing Infertility Treatment in Pondicherry: A Preliminary Study
Get PDFBackground: Physical and mental health are interrelated and influenced by various factors. Infertility is a physical condition that impacts the mental health of individuals experiencing it. It is a well-established fact that all over the world millions of couples are affected by infertility. In India many couples are infertile. Discovering that one is infertile is more than just another stressful event in one’s life. Being confronted by failure and helplessness, one feels increasingly anxious and immobilized. Aim: To understand the psychosocial problems faced by women due to infertility. Methodology: A Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. Women attending the clinic for treatment of infertility were the respondents. A semi-structured interview schedule was used to obtain the data. Results: Majority of the educated women married at a young age and sought treatment within five years of the marriage. They had menstrual problems and were referred by their families for treatment. Most of them had identified the problems and were into treatment. They were anxious, yet hopeful of success. They experienced problems of stigmatization in their own families and society and desired acceptance. Conclusion: This study highlighted the situation of couples facing infertility and the need for awareness of the condition of infertility. Support for couples by the multidisciplinary team inclusive of the Social Worker through the process of diagnosis and treatment, to maintain their health and mental health as they overcome the challenge of infertility is the need of the hour.
Keywords: Infertility, psychosocial problems, stigm
Anxiety Depression and Quality of Life among Working Married and Unmarried Women: A Comparative Study
Get PDFBackground: Anxiety and depression are the most common problems that we face in our daily life and both affect our quality of life. So, the present study was done to assess and compare anxiety, depression and quality of life among working married and unmarried women. Methods and Materials: Purposive sampling technique was used for recruiting 100 working women (an equal number of married and unmarried), with their informed consent. The tools used for the present study were Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II and WHO Quality of Life-Bref for anxiety, depression and quality of life assessment respectively. Results: Result shows significant differences in the levels of anxiety, depression and quality of life of working married and unmarried women. Conclusion: The present study also concludes that married working women do experience a higher level of anxiety and depression as well as a lower quality of life in comparison to unmarried working women.
Keywords: Anxiety, depression, quality of life, working wome
Personal Social Capital and Socio-occupational Function of Persons with Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study
Get PDFBackground: Personal social capital is an individual’s networks and connections between individuals that can provide support which is characterized by reciprocity, trustworthiness and resources. Individual who are excluded from accessing social capital have a higher risk of schizophrenia and may have informal social control. Social functioning of individuals with schizophrenia gets disturbed therefore improving the functioning levels is considered to be an important goal in treating schizophrenia. Aim: To assess and compare personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning of patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 60 individuals (30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 normal population) selected from outpatient department (OPD) of the Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi by using purposive sampling method. Positive and negative syndrome scale (for study group) and General health questionnaire (for normal population) applied for screening. Participants who fulfilled inclusion criteria were informed about study and consent was obtained. Socio-demographic and clinical datasheet, Personal Social Capital Scale and socio-occupational functioning scale was administered. Results: Present study shows significant difference in personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning of persons with schizophrenia and normal controls. Conclusion: The patients with schizophrenia hold lower personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning than normal population. Personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning showed significant positive correlation therefore improvement in socio-occupational functioning can help to enhance personal social capital.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, personal social capital, socio-occupational functionin
A Study on Frequent Selfie Users and Narcissism among College Students
Get PDFBackground: Selfie a generalized expression for a "self portrait”, has become a fad among today's youth. People love to take and post their selfies even when they are in critical situations or any annoying surroundings. For example, when someone met with an accident, people take pictures, rather than calling ambulance. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the narcissism and selfie users among college students of Coimbatore, India. Materials and Methods: Descriptive design was adapted. Conveniently selected 100 post graduate students were assessed on selfie usage and narcissism. Results: Study found that 67% of the students moderately using selfie and 50% of the students had narcissism. Narcissism had a significant relationship with selfie usage. Conclusion: Study concluded that majority of the college students who were taking selfies and uploading them on social networking sites after editing them had more narcissism. Study recommends that early screening followed by appropriate interventions are required for selfie takers to avoid psychological problems in future.
Keywords: Selfie usage, narcissism, student
Violence Exposure and Self-esteem of School Going Adolescents in a Metropolitan City: A Preliminary Study
Get PDFBackground: Violence exposure in light of peer victimization and witnessing peer victimization is a common phenomenon in schools across the globe. The present study conceptualizes exposure at three personal levels: a) as a victim, b) as a witness, and c) as a perpetrator. Method & Materials: A semi-structured interview schedule and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale were used as study tools. Results: The findings of the study show that the entire sample had experienced violence in one form or the other in school and had witnessed the same as well. Few of the adolescents had committed violence to take revenge and settle the score for being bullied. Victimization and witnessing violence in school triggered feelings like hurt, helplessness, sadness, and anger, whereas on committing violent acts feelings of joy, fun, content and satisfaction in adolescents. Twenty per cent of adolescents had low levels of self-esteem and 80% had average levels of self-esteem. The results showcase the reasons for bullying for fun, to hurt, to oppress or dominate others, due to personal grievances, jealousy, and growing less tolerance. Conclusion: Violence exposure to adolescents at school needs intervention.
Keywords: Adolescents, violence exposure, bullying, self-estee
A Study on School Adjustment and Aggression among Adolescents with and without Hearing Impairment
Get PDFBackground: Adolescence is a stage with tremendous pressure and stress. The ones with disability, especially hearing impaired may feel discouraged from exposing themselves to socially challenging situations, thus producing isolation that leads to depression, irritability and feelings of inferiority. Adolescents as such are under constant pressure to perform at every front, the main one being academics. School adjustment is a procedure that brings a person's behaviour in compliance with the norms of the school. It comprises of educational, social and emotional adjustment. Aim: The present study aims to examine the level of school adjustment and aggression among the adolescent with and without hearing impairment. The gender differences were also examined. Methods and Materials: A total of 60 adolescent (girls and boys) aged 14-18 years were selected for the study. Out of which 30 adolescents had hearing impairment and they were selected from school for deaf and blind and a controlled group of 30 adolescents without hearing impairment were selected from a government school in the same area. They were matched on age and gender. A self-constructed interview schedule was used to collect the socio demographic profile of the respondents. Scale on aggression and Adjustment Inventory for school students were used. Results: The results showed that there were no significant difference in school adjustment among adolescents with and without hearing impairment and also no significant gender differences were found. Adolescent children with hearing impairment were more aggressive in compared to the same age group adolescents without hearing impairment. Boys were more aggressive as compared to girls in both groups. Conclusion: There is a need to address the issues related to aggression among adolescents with hearing impairment specifically adolescent boys through psychosocial interventions to channelize their energy in a positive direction.
Keywords: Aggression, school adjustment, adolescents, hearing impairmen