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Insights from Health Care Providers in Dealing with Suicide Attempters in Kashmir: A Preliminary Qualitative Analysis
Get PDFBackground: The Valley of Kashmir has witnessed a growing number of suicides. It is often witnessed that whenever a person attempts or commits suicide, most of the times he/she is bought to the hospital to save his/her life. Thus, the role of health care providers in a hospital setting is very important, as this is the first point of contact with the suicide attempters. In this study, an attempt was made to assess the intervention of health care providers toward suicide attempters in Kashmir. Methodology: In-depth expert interviews were conducted with the 12 healthcare professionals (Psychiatrists, Clinical Psychologists and Primary Health Care Physicians) who were involved in the identification; assessment, management, and prevention of suicidal behaviour at an urban general hospital in Srinagar, Kashmir. Purposive sampling method was used based on the availability and willingness of the participants from August to November 2018. Results: The results revealed that the health care providers follow a systematic procedure i.e., prevention, intervention and postvention in dealing with suicide attempters. However, their main focus remains on the intervention within the walls of the hospital setting. Conclusion: The results of the study provides some broad understanding about the role of doctors in the treatment and management of suicide attempters that will go a long way in the management of people attempting suicide in Kashmir.
Keywords: Suicide, health care professionals, prevention, interventio
Identification of Adjustment Issues among Adolescent Girls Studying in Pre-university
Get PDFBackground: Life of adolescent girl is characterized by continual changes, both internal (e.g. physiological, anatomical, and psychological changes) and external (e.g. changes in school, peers, and parenting practices) and therefore this stage is considered to be a very critical transitional stage in a girl’s life with acute crises in which her future is at stake. This study was thus conducted to identify multi-dimensional adjustment issues faced by adolescent girls. Methodology: Total 336 Pre-university girls between the age of 15 to 19 years were selected through purposive sampling from various Girl’s colleges of Mysuru. Results: The results revealed that general personal problems were more apparent in adolescent girls. It was found that 40.77% adolescent girls had problems in concentration, 33% girls had problems of forgetfulness, 32.5 % of girls had problems of anxiety, tension & worries and 23% of girls had reported mood fluctuations. Problems related to academic, society, family, infrastructure and interpersonal relations were also seen, but they were not very high. Thirteen percent of girls had reported the problem of time management and 9% of girls had reported problems related to the infrastructure of the college hostel. Conclusion: The results thus reflect the need to cater to the needs of adolescent girls which are going through excessive biological, social and psychological issues.
Keywords: Personal issues, academic problems, adolescent gir
Levels of Self Esteem and Depression among the Married Employed and Unemployed Woman: A Comparative Study
Get PDFIntroduction: The status of women in the Indian society is now able to lead a more independent lifestyle. But women in Indian society are not completely free from custom due to social structure. An attempt was made to compare certain need related to self-esteem and depression of women who are employed and unemployed. Material and Method: It was a cross-sectional comparative study. Using convenient sampling of fifty samples; 25 participants were the married employed women and 25 married unemployed women were drown from J.P Nagar, Jaya Nagar and Koramangala at Bangalore. Result: Employed women have significantly higher self-esteem than unemployed women and the majority of the in employed women were having less depression than unemployed status. Conclusion: Married women who are not employed outside the home experience poorer self-esteem than employed married women. Some unemployed married women cope better and even find the source of satisfaction in the alternative lifestyles that they adopt but employment outside the home has positive impact on self-esteem of women.
Keywords: Depression, self-esteem, married women, employmen
Efficacy of Psychosocial Intervention on Self-Esteem among Marginalized Children with Special Reference to Devadasis’ Children
No full textBackground: The unique cultural context of Southern India gives rise children of unwed mothers due to the practice of devadasi system - a practice that was followed in various parts of the globe during the barbaric era of dedicating girls to temples. Thousands of children without parental care and children of devadasis in Northern Karnataka were reported psychosocial problems such as poverty, dropout, dedication of girls, poor health & vulnerability for HIV/AIDS etc. This increases the chances of developing poor self esteem among children of devadasis. Aim: To assess and compare the efficacy of a psychosocial intervention to improve the self esteem among children of unwed mothers (devadasis), a single parents children and children having both parents. Methodology: Psychosocial care program consisting of life skills and student enrichment were incorporated with educational services for children attending after school program carried out by the NGO. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 184 children of 10 – 16 years, (62 - children of devadasis, 60- single parent and 62- children with both parents) attending the program in 36 villages of Bagalkot District, Karnataka, India through simple random sampling. Results: The results of the study showed a higher mean for self esteem among children of devadasis, single parents and dual parents with no significant difference between the three groups (df = 2, P>.05). The results confirm a significant increase in the self esteem among children due to psychosocial interventions when compared with the result of a study conducted in a larger geographic area in 2008 of which the current population was a part. Conclusion: The results confirm the efficacy of psychosocial interventions through after-school programs in improving self esteem among children especially among the children of an unwed mother who's vulnerability to develop poor self esteem is higher. Findings of the present study have significance in the implications for social work and social development practice.
Keywords: Psychosocial intervention, self esteem, unwed mothers, devadasi
Service Providers' Perception of Barriers to Access Mental Health Services
Get PDFBackground: The literature shows that mental health services are yet not adequate and whatever is available is underutilized in India. The aim of the study was to identify the available mental health services; barriers to utilize and deliver mental health service and explore the strategies for effective delivery of mental health services. Methodology: The Expert Interview and Key Informant Interview were the methods of data collection. A standardized script for conducting the interviews was developed based on literature review and discussion with experienced qualitative researchers as per the objectives of the study. Results: The main themes identified under the study were - mental health services, services & facilities under District Mental Health Programme, mental health services in primary health centres, barriers to utilizing mental health services, policy-level barriers to provide mental health services, recommendations and suggestions from service providers to improve mental health service system. Conclusion: There are multiple barriers, which need to be addressed effectively. There is a need to create a network among all stakeholders.
Keywords: Mental health service, district mental health programme, Indi
Traumatized Experiences of Children by Multiple Emergency Stressors: An Analysis of Data from the 2004 Tsunami in Sri Lanka
Get PDFBackground: In 2004, in the midst of a civil war, Sri Lanka was struck by a large tsunami, devastating coastal communities. Methods: In the immediate aftermath of the 2004 Asian tsunami, while providing emergency aid, a Canadian NGO interviewed children living in both a refugee camp and an affected village in Sri Lanka. Results: Complete data were available for 63 respondents, aged 3 to 17 years. There were significant reports of sleeping problems, crying, and somatic symptoms consistent with psychological trauma, which were more likely among the village residents than the camp residents. If a respondent had been affected by the war, via family death or injury, then they were more likely to have been similarly affected by the tsunami, as well. Conclusion: These findings are useful for developing strategies to address current emergency situations, such as the Syrian refugee crisis, in which children are likely to be similarly doubly traumatized.
Keywords: Stressors, tsunami, children, Sri Lank
Application of Motivational Enhancement Therapy in Group settings among Patients with Substance Abuse
Get PDFBackground: Substance abuse is defined as the use of a drug or any other substance for a non-medical purpose with the aim of producing some type of "mind-altering "effect in the users. Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) is a systematic intervention approach for evoking change. It is based on principles of motivational psychology and is designed to produce rapid and internal motivation. Aims: The present study aims to assess and compare desire to quit substance use among substance users and the effectiveness of Motivation Enhancement Therapy on the desire to quit substance use in an experimental group. Sample and Sampling: A total number of 70 participants were selected using purposive sampling technique. The sample comprised of 35 from inpatient unit and 35 from the out-patient department of psychiatry, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College and Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India. Results and Conclusions: The present study suggests that comprehensive patient-friendly treatments are more effective in increasing the desire to quit substance use than the standard pharmacological treatment. Hence, combining pharmacological treatment with appropriate psychosocial interventions focusing on the specific problem of the patient may provide a better outcome than either one alone. Clinicians can arrange the clinical teaching regarding MET for a larger group at whole including family interventions.
Keywords: Motivation enhancement therapy, substance abus
Transactional Analysis of Nurses: An Empirical Study
Get PDFBackground: Transactional analysis is a theory of human personality and social behaviour. It is a comprehensive system of psychotherapy founded in the late 1950s by Eric Berne. Lately, organisational psychologists are waking up to the value of transactional analysis as a valuable Human Resources tool, giving them an insight into various interpersonal transactional styles in various professions. Nursing as a profession has always been characterised as a nurturing, caregiving and comfort providing job, which can emerge as a very taxing and stressful profession in return. The myriad role that nurses play requires certain interpersonal tactics and styles which are very typical demands of their job role. But their personalities and dispositions cannot be ignored. Hence, an attempt is being made in the present study to analyse different transactional styles being adopted by female nursing professionals, along with their backup styles and also the role of their marital status on how they deal with their patients. Methodology: For this purpose, a sample of 120 female nurses, 60 married and 60 unmarried, falling in the age range of 25-40 years, working in various private and government hospitals of Chandigarh was taken. The data was collected with the help of Transactional Styles Inventory-Nurses. Results: Results revealed significant differences between married and unmarried nurses. Married nurses were more nurturing while unmarried nurses emerged to be more regulated in their interpersonal transactions. Conclusion: The overall interpersonal efficacy of nurses needs to be improved so that they can attain the position best suited to help them meet the demands of various roles that they have to play.
Keywords: Transactional analysis, transactional functions, nurse-patient interactio
Distressed Lonely Siblings’ Struggle with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Get PDFBackground: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common and often disabling, psychiatric disorder Earlier it was considered a difficult-to-treat disorder these viewpoints are radically changed in the last three decades as cognitive behavioural therapy (exposure and response prevention therapy), has shown significant results for individuals suffering from OCD. In the present report, two cases of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), which happened to be siblings (one male one female), are being reported. In contrast to most other case reports depicted in world literature, the two siblings reported here were living under a roof but couldn’t talk for years. Both felt that their relationship suffered badly through their illness; as both of them were having a distressing sexual obsession of each other, along with other compulsions. The case report illustrated the journey of two distressed and lonely siblings’ struggle with OCD. Assessment & Management: OCD was diagnosed applying the existing criteria for OCD in the tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), in addition, Y-BOCS also used to determine the severity of symptoms, pre-treatment and improvement Post-treatment. Therapy was adapted component from cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) & exposure and response prevention (ERP) and typically involves 16 to 20 sessions. Outcome: This case report shows that Psychological intervention led to significant symptomatic improvement in the patients discussed. By present findings and understanding of the cases, it is to claim for sure that for successful treatment of OCD psychological treatment must be used.
Keywords: Obsessive compulsive disorder, sexual thoughts, exposure and response preventio
Psychosocial Needs of the Families with a Person with First Episode Psychosis
Get PDFBackground: The people who experience psychotic symptoms first time can be frightening for them and their close family members. It is crucial to provide family support and care to persons with first episode psychosis. Aim: To assess the needs of family members presenting to a tertiary care centre. Methods: Cross-sectional outpatient based study design was adapted to collect data from the family members of persons with first episode psychosis presented to a tertiary care centre. Total 60 family members were randomly selected for the study and assessed for the burden, attitude, ways of coping and quality of life. Results: Study results indicate the high burden; it has noted that high negative expressed emotions among family members. Negative coping styles were also found and the family members and having a poor quality of life. Conclusion: First episode of psychosis can traumatizing to the patients and their family members. Family members can experience the burden of caregiving including financial burden, can have faulty ways of coping and negative expressed emotions towards their own wards having psychosis which can lead to poor treatment outcome. Findings indicated that need to provide psychosocial intervention for family members of persons with first episode psychosis.
Keyword: Family, psychosocial intervention, needs, first episode psychosis, expressed emotions, burde