Al-Kindi Center for Research and Development (KCRD) (E-Journals)
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Predictors of Success of Trabeculectomy Augmented With Tenectomy in Patients With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Cohort Study
No full textObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of trabeculectomy augmented with tenectomy in controlling the postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP).Study Design: Cohort Study. Place and duration of study: Eye department, Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College, Karachi from November 2022 to November 2023. Introduction: Trabeculectomy augmented with tenectomy has been a widely used surgical procedure for the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma. The success of this procedure can depend on various factors, including patient characteristics, preoperative conditions, and surgical techniques. Understanding the predictors of success in trabeculectomy augmented with tenectomy is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and informing clinical decision-making.In this cohort study, we aim to investigate the factors that influence the success of trabeculectomy augmented with tenectomy in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. By identifying these predictors, we can potentially enhance the effectiveness of this surgical approach and contribute to the management of primary open-angle glaucoma.Patients and Methods: 96 eyes of 84 adult patients with Primary open angle glaucoma were included in study after baseline demographic information of candidates meeting the inclusion criteria. Pre- and postoperative glaucoma assessment was done, namely IOP and cup-to-disc (CD) ratio were recorded and analyzed. Results: The mean preoperative IOP was 24.54mmHg, median 26mmHg, mode 26mmHg with 95%CI. Mean IOP of 17mmHg was recorded on first, second and third postoperative follow-ups with 95%CI. Mean IOP of 14mmHg was recorded on the final postoperative follow up with standard deviation of 1.004SD with 0.218069 of 95%CI. Conclusion: In conclusion, trabeculectomy combined with tenectomy is a safe procedure which reduced the mean IOP to less than 20mmHg and reduced the number of topical antiglaucoma medications from 3 drugs to one drug
The Typology and Classification of Wh-Questions in Moroccan Arabic
No full textThis paper explores the typology and classification of wh-questions in natural languages like Moroccan Arabic. It aims at uncovering the principles and parameters that is only set by Moroccan Arabic. In other words, we seek to discover what are the common features and special characteristics that is only set in Moroccan Arabic, in hopes to find patterns that unify different languages in the world (especially Arabic dialects) and some differences between Moroccan Arabic and other languages. Our findings are as follows: wh-questions in natural languages, such as Moroccan Arabic, can be classified in different perspectives. These are positional, morphological, semantic, and historical classifications, among others. We also end the paper by looking at four strategies used in question formation. This paper essentially celebrates multilingualism, and that even dialects of an official language can possess linguistic characteristics that are peculiar to the official language itself
Exploring EFL Teachers’ Perceptions Regarding ESP Instruction in Moroccan Vocational Institutes: OFPPT Midelt as a Case Study
No full textThe foundation for integrating English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in vocational institutes finds its root in the objective of enabling ESP learners to acquire the necessary skills related to the English language relevant to their professional fields. In this regard, this article boils down to the realm of ESP courses within Moroccan vocational training centres (OFPPT) focusing on the experiences, perceptions, and challenges faced by English instructors, with OFPPT Midelt serving as a case study. By adopting a case study research design, an investigation was designed to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions and challenges regarding their ESP instruction within Moroccan vocational institutes. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and were organized and analysed using NVivo software. The findings showed that Moroccan EFL teachers hold negative attitudes towards their ESP instruction for many reasons. The results also showed that the teachers’ reported challenges are caused by the acute shortage of ESP related training opportunities. Accordingly, the study recommended that more training on ESP courses is highly demanded for the sake of enhancing learners’ English proficiency and therefore facing the requirements and challenges related to the job market effectively
Entrepreneurial Education and Intention: Basis for an Enhanced Entrepreneurial Mindset among Engineering Students at Guandong Industry and Trade Vocational School, China
No full textThis research focuses on exploring the impact of entrepreneurial education on the entrepreneurial intentions of engineering students at Guangdong Industry and Trade Vocational School in China. The study aims to investigate how factors such as self-efficacy, motivation, and entrepreneurial education influence students\u27 intentions to pursue entrepreneurship. By employing a quantitative descriptive research design, data was collected through structured questionnaires from a diverse sample of students. Statistical analyses, including multiple linear regression and Pearson correlation, were used to examine the relationships between variables. The findings revealed significant correlations between self-efficacy, motivation, entrepreneurial education, and entrepreneurial intention. The study underscores the importance of integrating entrepreneurial education into engineering curricula to foster a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship among students. These results have implications for educational institutions seeking to enhance students\u27 entrepreneurial mindset and readiness for the business world
Conscious Leadership for Modern Complexity
No full textIn this paper, we aim to discuss the essence of the concept of conscious leadership, highlighting the necessity as well as the relevance of engaging in conscious leadership as a way of addressing the modern business environment. Conscious leadership is introduced as the set of key concepts and features that are relevant to leadership today, supported by historical knowledge and modern findings. Atma Bodha (self-knowledge), Atma Chintan (self-contemplation), and Atma Manthan (self-churning) are essential components, as are the 7 A’s of conscious leadership: awake, aware, alive, alert, adaptable, accountable, and authentic. Reflective questions (RQs) serve as powerful tools for self-discovery, introspection, and critical thinking, leading to significant growth both personally and professionally. The study shows that conscious leadership promotes personal development, ethical decision-making, and collaborative teamwork. By embracing proactivity, problem-solving, and conflict management, leaders can effectively navigate challenges in today\u27s business environment, leading to positive long-term organizational outcomes. Thus, this paper contributes to the construction of more enhanced leadership programs by establishing a clear outline of the path of conscious leadership
Exploring the Interaction of Incentives and Benefits on New Product Performance
No full textThis study investigates how to optimize compensation strategies by balancing incentives and benefits to achieve superior new product performance. Grounded in resource orchestration theory, this research proposes that firms should properly configure incentives and benefits for successful new product development. Survey data were collected from China to test the theoretical model. The results reveal that while incentives positively correlate with subjective new product performance, they are negatively associated with objective new product performance, despite a positive relationship between subjective and objective new product outcomes. Moreover, we uncover a significant negative interaction between incentives and benefits on objective new product performance. This result indicates that firms can maximize the sales contribution of new product programs by designing compensation strategies with low incentives paired with high benefits
The Analysis of the Necessity and Impact of Property and Inheritance Taxes in China
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to explore the necessity and possible impact of the implementation of property tax and inheritance tax in China based on the Western tax system and the existing experience and background in China. After understanding the provisions of the Western tax system, the comments of Western people, and the results of relevant experiments in China, we found that China’s existing economic structure may create a number of problems and the low level of asset mobility of a small number of high-net-worth individuals and their small contributions to social and economic consumption also require a new tax for social wealth redistribution. Property tax and inheritance tax would be the right solution to local debt and social equity problems
Urban Entrepreneurship on the Fringe: Action Research on the Challenges of Street Vendors in Manila
No full textThe presence of street vendors in metropolitan cities has been a cause for debate as vending provides these vendors with a source of livelihood but at the expense of regulatory oversight and urban order. Vending as a business emerged due to the lack of work opportunities available despite the growing demand. Vendors, however, remain crucial stakeholders of the informal economy as their existence fills a need for the minimum-income working class. As such, the objective of the study is to determine and understand the different factors that affect the business of street vendors and their coping mechanisms to these challenges and propose an action plan. This study is unique in its focus on the informal economy, specifically street vendors in Manila, an often overlooked yet vital part of urban livelihoods. By employing a qualitative approach, it delves deeply into the lived experiences of street vendors, uncovering the cultural, socioeconomic, and regulatory challenges they face in a highly urbanized Southeast Asian city. The study highlights human-centered narratives often missed in quantitative research and provides valuable insights into the dynamics between street vendors and government regulations. Its findings could influence inclusive policies that better support informal entrepreneurs, contributing to broader discussions on inclusive business practices. The results reveal that factors affecting street vendors relate to interpersonal dynamics, family dynamics and obligations, educational aspirations, financial vulnerability, market competition, operational challenges, supply chain dependency, health and labor, and enforcement of regulations. To manage these factors, vendors have adopted mechanisms to combat these issues through debt and financial management, operational adaptation, community assistance and support, adaptation to regulation, and emotional resilience. In the end, this research proposes a five-point agenda to support street vendors\u27 adherence to social and legal norms, beginning with developing inclusive policies that formally recognize and regulate street vending, ensuring legal protection and designated vending zones. It then focuses on economic empowerment through improved access to financial services, microcredit, and financial literacy programs while introducing social security measures. Health and safety programs are implemented to enhance vendors\u27 well-being, providing access to healthcare, ergonomic training, and sanitation standards. Governance improvements, anti-harassment initiatives, and transparent law enforcement to protect vendors from exploitation should also materialize. Finally, community engagement and public relations efforts aim to foster positive perceptions of street vendors, highlighting their contributions to the economy and encouraging cooperation with local businesses and authorities
Analysis of the Jurisprudence of Article 58 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the Positions of West African Countries
No full textArticle 58 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) addresses the rights and obligations of States in the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of other States. It guarantees third-party States the freedom of navigation, the laying of submarine cables and pipelines, and other internationally lawful uses of the sea related to these activities. However, these rights must be exercised in accordance with the laws and regulations of the coastal State and the UNCLOS itself. The jurisprudential analysis of this article reveals various interpretations, often influenced by distinct national contexts and interests. Disputes related to the EEZ mainly focus on issues of maritime delimitation, the exploitation of natural resources, and the protection of the marine environment. West African countries, rich in marine resources, have diverse positions depending on their economic, security, and environmental interests. Some favor a strict application of their sovereign rights to maximize economic benefits and resource sustainability, while others advocate for regional cooperation to manage potential conflicts and strengthen maritime security. In summary, Article 58 of UNCLOS is essential for balancing the interests of coastal States and third-party States in the EEZ while allowing for the harmonious management of maritime resources and maritime security
The Role of the State in the Development of Agricultural Cooperatives in Vietnam: Cause and Effect Relationship Between Law and Practical Effectiveness
No full textThe article analyzes the role of the state in the development of Vietnamese agricultural cooperatives. The results show that state intervention does not ensure the independence, autonomy, private ownership, and operation according to market mechanisms of agricultural cooperatives; causes a conflict between the state\u27s direction and management perspective and the operation of the market mechanism; creates a mentality of dependence, waiting and reliance of the Board of Directors of agricultural cooperatives on the state; creates inequality between economic sectors, and creates a burden on the state budget