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Correlation Between Spirituality Levels and Depression among First-Year Students in Health Science Programs
Get PDFIntroduction: Depression is a common mental health issue among first-year university students, often resulting from the challenges of adapting to new academic and social environments. Spirituality is considered a protective factor that may help reduce symptoms of depression by promoting emotional resilience and a sense of meaning.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between spirituality levels and depression among first-year students enrolled in health study programs at Muhammadiyah Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur. Additionally, the study analyzed the distribution of spirituality and depression levels and explored demographic characteristics that may influence this relationship.
Methods: A descriptive correlational study with a quantitative approach was conducted using stratified random sampling. The sample consisted of 271 freshmen, determined using the Slovin formula. Data collection instruments included the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) to assess spirituality levels and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) to measure depression. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test.
Results: The analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between spirituality and depression (p = 0.000; r = -0.406), indicating that higher levels of spirituality were associated with lower levels of depression. The strength of the correlation was moderate.
Conclusion: The study found a significant negative correlation between spirituality and depression among freshmen in health-related study programs. Higher levels of spirituality were associated with lower levels of depression, highlighting the potential protective role of spiritual well-being in supporting student mental health
Impact of Soursop Leaf Decoction on Blood Pressure in Individuals with Hypertension: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Hypertension remains a leading global health concern, significantly increasing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Interest in natural therapies has grown, including the use of Annona muricata (soursop) leaf decoction, which is hypothesized to exert antihypertensive effects through its bioactive compounds.
Objective: This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Annona muricata leaf decoction in reducing blood pressure among individuals with hypertension.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across four databases—PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR—for studies published between 2021 and 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on studies involving hypertensive individuals treated with soursop leaf decoction, with outcomes measured using manual or digital sphygmomanometers. The selection process adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and quality appraisal were independently performed by two to three reviewers using the CASP checklist. Extracted data included study characteristics, intervention details, duration, frequency, and delivery methods.
Results: A total of 16 studies involving 322 participants were included. Findings consistently demonstrated that soursop leaf decoction significantly reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The observed antihypertensive effects are attributed to flavonoids and potassium, which contribute to vasodilation. The most effective regimen was consumption twice daily over a 7–8 week period.
Conclusion: Annona muricata leaf decoction shows promising potential as an adjunctive, non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension. It offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative, especially in low-resource settings. Nonetheless, further clinical trials are needed to determine standardized dosages and assess interactions with conventional antihypertensive medications
Exploring the Association Between Gadget Use and Emotional Disturbances in Pre-School Children: Evidence from Al-Mujahidin Al-Qur'an Kindergarten
Get PDFIntroduction: In the digital era, gadget use among preschool-aged children has become increasingly common, raising concerns about its impact on emotional development. Excessive screen time may reduce social interaction and increase emotional disturbances, such as irritability and anxiety.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between gadget use and emotional problems among preschool children at TK Al-Qur'an Almujahidin Krui in 2024.
Method: A cross-sectional quantitative analytical design was used. A total of 103 children aged 4–6 years were selected through purposive sampling. Emotional problems were assessed using the Kuisioner Masalah Mental Emosional (KMME), a validated 12-item instrument. Children with diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders were excluded. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: Among the 103 participants, 26 (25.2%) had doubtful emotional problems and 77 (74.8%) exhibited deviant emotional behaviors. Children with bad gadget use were 7.71 times more likely to experience emotional problems compared to those with good gadget use (OR = 7.71, p = 0.034). A significant association was found between higher levels of gadget use and increased emotional disturbances.
Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship between gadget use and emotional problems in preschool children. Excessive gadget use may negatively affect emotional well-being, emphasizing the need for parents and educators to monitor and regulate children’s screen time to support healthy emotional development
The Relationship Between Pregnant Women's Obsession with Healthy Eating and Perceived Stress: Exploring the Impact of Healthy Eating Obsession on Stress in Pregnant Women
No full textIntroduction: Pregnancy brings physical, psychological, and social changes, emphasizing health and nutrition. While healthy eating is vital, excessive concern can lead to unhealthy obsessions. Elevated stress during pregnancy may influence eating behaviors, making it crucial to explore their relationship.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between obsession with healthy eating and perceived stress in pregnant women.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 325 pregnant women attending Bartın Maternity and Children's Hospital between September 2023 and February 2024. Data were collected using the Pregnant Descriptive Information Form, Obsessions with Healthy Eating Scale (ORTO-11), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation tests.
Results: The participants' mean age was 27.40±4.46 years, with a mean gestational age of 23.70±6.22 weeks and an average weight gain of 6.55±2.60 kg. Of the participants, 60.6% had a BMI of 25 and above. The mean ORTO-11 score was 24.69±2.58, and the mean PSS score was 34.08±3.05. There was no significant correlation between ORTO-11 and PSS scores. However, significant differences in perceived stress and ORTO-11 scores were observed concerning night eating, continuous diet programs, and eating habits outside the home.
Conclusion: This study did not find a statistically significant relationship between pregnant women's obsession with healthy eating and their perceived stress levels. However, the findings suggest that maternal eating behaviors and stress may be influenced by factors such as social support and individual coping mechanisms
Factors Influencing Cadre Performance in Implementing Posyandu for the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study
Get PDFIntroduction: The Elderly Posyandu is a vital community-based program that supports elderly health services in Indonesia. Cadres are key actors in delivering these services, and their performance is influenced by multiple factors.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing cadre performance in implementing the Elderly Posyandu at Way Krui Health Center, Pesisir Barat Regency, in 2024.
Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2025. The population consisted of 118 cadres in the Way Krui Health Center area. A total of 92 respondents were selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed statistically using computer software.
Result: The findings revealed significant relationships between cadre performance and individual factors (ρ = 0.007), organizational factors (ρ = 0.018), psychological factors (ρ = 0.014), and leadership factors (ρ = 0.013). Cadres influenced by these factors demonstrated better performance in delivering elderly health services.
Conclusion: Cadre performance in the Elderly Posyandu program is significantly affected by individual, organizational, psychological, and leadership factors. Strengthening these aspects through training, support, and effective communication is essential. Collaboration between the government, community, and health institutions is crucial to sustaining and enhancing the quality of elderly health service
The Role of Nurse Engagement and Change Management in Improving Patient Outcomes: Evidence from Riyadh Health Clusters
Get PDFIntroduction: Riyadh’s healthcare reforms under Vision 2030 emphasize patient outcomes as key quality indicators. This study examines the underexplored interplay between nurse engagement and change management in shaping healthcare performance within Riyadh Health Clusters.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the impact of nurse engagement and change management on patient outcomes within Riyadh Health Clusters.
Methods: A quantitative research design was employed, involving 384 healthcare professionals from three clusters. Nurse engagement and change management were analyzed as independent variables, while patient outcomes served as the dependent variable. Data were processed using linear regression analysis in SPSS with a 5% significance threshold.
Results: The findings demonstrated that nurse engagement strongly predicted patient outcomes (R = 0.72; R² = 0.71; β = 0.64; p < 0.05), showing that higher engagement levels significantly improved care quality. Change management practices also had a positive but more moderate effect on patient outcomes (R = 0.47; R² = 0.22; β = 0.45; p < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that nurse engagement is a strong predictor of patient outcomes, while change management also contributes positively, though to a lesser extent. The findings emphasize that investing in strategies to enhance nurse engagement, such as professional development, participatory decision-making, and supportive leadership, is critical to improving the quality of care. At the same time, structured change management remains essential to sustain organizational adaptation and innovation in healthcare delivery. Together, these insights highlight the importance of integrating workforce-centered initiatives with system-level reforms to strengthen patient-centered outcomes within Riyadh Health Clusters and beyond
Effectiveness of the Paleo Diet on Weight-Loss among Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Obesity has become a significant global public health issue. A variety of intervention strategies have been implemented, encompassing dietary modifications, physical activity, pharmacological treatments, and surgical procedures. Among these, the Paleolithic (Paleo) diet modeled after the presumed dietary patterns of humans during the Paleolithic era has attracted increasing scholarly attention as a potential nutritional approach for obesity management.
Objective: This study aims to systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness of the Paleolithic (Paleo) diet in reducing body weight among individuals with obesity. Through an analysis of existing research, this review seeks to identify the benefits, limitations, and long-term sustainability of the Paleo diet as a weight management strategy.
Method: This study aims to systematically review and evaluate the effectiveness of the Paleolithic (Paleo) diet in reducing body weight among individuals with obesity. Through an analysis of existing research, this review seeks to identify the benefits, limitations, and long-term sustainability of the Paleo diet as a weight management strategy.
Results: A total of 880 participants were included across the seven reviewed studies. The findings revealed that the Paleo diet was effective in promoting weight loss among individuals with obesity. Participants who adhered to the Paleo diet for eight weeks experienced an average reduction of 5.3 kilograms in body weight.
Conclusion: The Paleolithic diet (PD) is effective in reducing body weight, fat mass, and cardiometabolic risk factors compared with conventional diets, particularly in the short term. However, low adherence poses a major challenge, leading to diminished differences in benefits over the long term. Compared with the Mediterranean diet and intermittent fasting, adherence to PD is lower, and thus its long-term effectiveness requires further investigation
Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Maternal Knowledge of Toddler Nutrition with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers
Get PDFIntroduction: Wasting is an acute nutritional disorder in toddlers that can lead to impaired growth and increased morbidity. Exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition are key factors influencing nutritional status. This study aims to examine the association between exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge of nutrition with the incidence of wasting among toddlers in the working area of Sidomulyo Health Center, Samarinda City.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative analytical method with a cross-sectional design. A total of 188 mothers and toddlers were sampled using stratified random sampling, and 168 toddlers met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. The Chi-Square test was used to analyze the association between variables, and odds ratios (OR) were calculated to determine risk levels.
Results: Among the 168 toddlers, 43 (25.6%) were identified as experiencing wasting. A significant association was found between exclusive breastfeeding and wasting incidence (p = 0.000; OR = 0.111; 95% CI = 0.049–0.255), indicating that children who were not exclusively breastfed had a higher risk of wasting. Maternal knowledge of toddler nutrition also showed a significant relationship with wasting (p = 0.000), where poor maternal knowledge was associated with a higher incidence of wasting.
Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding and good maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition are protective factors against wasting. Health promotion strategies at the community health center level should prioritize increasing awareness and education regarding exclusive breastfeeding and toddler nutritional needs to reduce the prevalence of wasting
Association between Parenting Patterns and Exclusive Breastfeeding with Wasting Incidence in Toddlers
Get PDFIntroduction: Wasting is a form of acute malnutrition that significantly affects the physical growth, brain development, and immune function of toddlers. Various factors, including parenting styles and breastfeeding practices, may influence the occurrence of wasting.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between parenting styles and exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of wasting among toddlers in the Sidomulyo Health Center area, Samarinda City.
Methods: A quantitative, correlational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 168 toddlers aged 2–5 years, selected through stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s Exact Test to assess the associations between variables.
Results: The findings revealed that permissive parenting was associated with the highest proportion of wasting cases (46.2%), whereas democratic parenting showed the lowest proportion (9.9%). A significant relationship was found between parenting style and the incidence of wasting (p = 0.000). Furthermore, toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed had a significantly higher risk of wasting compared to those who received exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000).
Conclusion: Maternal characteristics, parenting styles, and breastfeeding practices play a significant role in determining the nutritional status of toddlers. Democratic parenting and exclusive breastfeeding were found to contribute positively to the prevention of wasting
The Efficacy of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Decoction in Alleviating Gout Pain in the Elderly: A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Gout pain is a common issue among the elderly, caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to discomfort and limited mobility. Clove (Syzygium aromaticum), known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, has been studied as a potential natural treatment for alleviating gout pain.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) decoction in reducing gout pain among the elderly.
Method: A systematic review search was conducted across four journal databases: PubMed, ProQuest, Garuda, and JSTOR, covering the period from 2019 to 2024. The population involved in the studies consisted of elderly individuals diagnosed with gout. The intervention analyzed in this review was the administration of clove decoction, while pain as the primary outcome was measured using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The uric acid levels, as a secondary outcome, were assessed using a GCU meter.
Two to three independent reviewers conducted the search, selection, extraction, and quality assessment of the identified articles. The selection process followed the PRISMA flowchart standards, while the quality of the articles was evaluated using the CASP checklist. The extracted data included key aspects such as author, intervention, facilitators, setting, number of sessions, duration, methods or media used, as well as the topics discussed in each study.
Result: Of the five articles identified, a total of 95 participants were involved. The administration of clove decoction significantly reduced pain intensity due to its higher eugenol content, which was given orally (consumed) and via warm compress. The intervention was administered for 5-7 days, while the warm compress was applied for 15-20 minutes. The duration of this intervention allowed sufficient time for the eugenol content in cloves to act as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic, resulting in a more optimal therapeutic effect.
Conclusion: The administration of clove decoction is a non-pharmacological therapy that demonstrates a significant impact in reducing gout pain. It may serve as a supportive alternative in pain management, reducing the use of analgesics, and improving the quality of life with minimal side effects