Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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Ijtihad Progresif Mahmud Syaltut tentang Hukum Pidana Islam dan Perbandingannya dengan Madzhab-Madzhab Fiqih
Full text linkTulisan ini akan menganalisis ijtihad Mahmud Syaltut tentang hukum pidana Islam serta perbandinganya dengan ulama-ulama madzhab fiqih lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah comparative analysis di mana penulis akan menganalisis ijtihad Mahmud Syaltut tentang hukum pidana Islam lalu membandingkannya dengan ijtihad ulama -ulam madzhab fiqih lainnya. Untuk menganalisis ijtihad Mahmud syaltut penulis akan menggunakan buku-buku karangan Mahmud Sylatut yang berbahasa Arab di antaranya: mintaujihaat al Islam, al Islam Aqidah Wasyariah, al fatawa, Tafsir al Quranul Karim dan lain-lain, Adapun untuk menganalisis ijtihad ulama-ulama madzhab fiqih penulis menggunakan rujukan asli berbahasa Arab seperti: Fathul Qodir, Al Mughni li Ibnu Qudamah, Bada’iu Shonaii dan Mughnil Muhtaj. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ijtihad Mahmud Syaltut dalam bidang hukum pidana lebih erat mendudukan pidana dengan Sad dzariah di mana hal itu agar tercapai tujuan Syariah Islam atau Maqoshid Syariah, selain itu agar terwujudnya kemaslahatan hidup dan kehidupan manusia baik di dunia maupun di akhirat. adapun persamaannya adalah sama-sama berpegang pada nash-nash al quran dan hadis, sedangkan perbedaanya adalah Ijtihad Mahmud Syaltut lebih banyak mengaitkan masalah pidana dengan masa sekarang serta selalu berpegang pada maqoshid Syariah, sedangkan ulama-ulama Fiqih lebih pada teksnya tanpa memperhatikan kondisi zaman perbuatan pidan itu dilakukan. Selain itu ada perbedaan yang mencolok dalam hukuman pidana bagi had riddah (murtad) di mana Syaltut berpendapat bahwa hukuman mati bagi pelaku riddah atau murtad yang difatwakan para ulama madzhab adalah hukuman yang salah dan Islam tidak mengenal hukuman tersebut menurutnya, oleh karena itu hukuman itu harus dibatalkan
Pandangan Quraish Shihab dan Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir tentang Hukum Nusyuz
Full text linkAbstract: This article discusses the views of Quraish Shihab and Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir on nusyuz law. This research uses literature research methods. Research data is collected through literature collection and then analyzed by comparative techniques. The study results concluded that according to Quraish Shihab, the concept of Nusyuz is defiance and disobedience to the rights of Allah and the rights of the husband. While the concept of Nusyuz in the view of Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir is, Nusyuz is the opposite of obedience. That is, all negative actions in husband and wife relationships weaken the pair bond between husband and wife so that they become far from the conditions of sakinah, mawaddah, and rahmah. Either done by the wife to the husband or done by the husband to the wife.
Keywords: Nushuz, Islamic law, husband, wife.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas pandangan Quraish Shihab dan Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir mengenai hukum nusyuz. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengumpulan bahan pustaka dan kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pandangan Quraish Shihab, konsep nusyuz merujuk pada tindakan pembangkangan dan ketidakpatuhan terhadap hak-hak Allah dan hak-hak suami. Di sisi lain, dalam pandangan Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir, konsep nusyuz didefinisikan sebagai tindakan negatif dalam hubungan suami-istri yang merusak ikatan antara keduanya, sehingga menjauhkan mereka dari keadaan sakinah, mawaddah, dan rahmah. Hal ini bisa terjadi baik dari pihak istri terhadap suami maupun sebaliknya, yaitu suami terhadap istri.
Kata Kunci: Nusyuz, Hukum Islam, Suami, Istri
Peran Wanita Untuk Mewujudkan Keluarga Sakinah Dalam Pemikiran Islam Klasik Dan Kontemporer
Full text linkAbstract : This research under tittle “The Existence of Women to Realize the Sakinah Family in Classical and Contemporary Scholars Thought” is a type of library research using a qualitative approach and a comparative descriptive method. The data sources of this research consist of primary sources from the books of Uqudullijain, Fathul Mu'in, Fathul Qorib, Al-Majmu' Syarah Al-Muhadzdzab, Bidayatul Mujtahid, Qur'an According to Women, The Rights of Women in Islam, Major Themes of Qur'an, Woman and Islam, and Feminism and Women Empowerment in Islamic Scales. The secondary sources in this study are other books that examine women and the sakinah family. The results of this study explain that women in their lives have roles, among others, as a wife, mother, and career woman. In classical Islamic thought, a woman is like a queen in her husband's house. The husband is obliged to meet all the needs of his wife, even in terms of preparing food, washing clothes, and all other aspects of household tasks. Meanwhile, a wife has an obligation to serve her husband's sexual needs, be obedient and obedient to her husband, accompany her husband, and manage all household matters. Women are only described as having a domestic role within the scope of their household. Meanwhile, according to contemporary Islamic thought, men and women have the same values and positions. So it has a logical consequence that women are able to take part in the public sector like a man. Women who only take part in the domestic sector or carry out multiple roles at the same time still have a great opportunity to create a sakinah family. This can be done by straightening the intention and basing everything on Allah SWT; understand your partner well; understand each other's roles and duties; foster affection among family members; maintain communication, open and familiarize deliberation; be fair; and always increase patience and gratitude.
Abstrak : Penelitian dengan judul “Eksistensi Wanita Untuk Mewujudkan Keluarga Sakinah Dalam Pandangan Ulama Klasik dan Kontemporer” ini merupakan jenis riset kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif metode deskriptif komparatif. Sumber data penelitian ini terdiri dari sumber primer yang berasal dari kitab Uqudullijain, Fathul Mu’in, Fathul Qorib, Al-Majmu’ Syarah Al-Muhadzdzab, Bidayatul Mujtahid, Qur'an Menurut Perempuan, The Rights of Women in Islam, Major Themes of Qur’an, Woman and Islam, dan Feminisme dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Timbangan Islam. Adapun sumber sekunder pada penelitian ini adalah buku-buku lain yang mengkaji tentang wanita dan keluarga sakinah. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa wanita dalam kehidupannya memiliki peran antara lain sebagai seorang istri, ibu, dan wanita karier. Dalam pandangan ulama klasik, wanita bagaikan seorang ratu di rumah suaminya. Suami wajib mencukupi segala macam kebutuhan istrinya, bahkan dalam hal menyiapkan makanan, mencuci pakaian, dan segala aspek tugas rumah tangga yang lainnya. Sedangkan seorang istri memiliki kewajiban untuk melayani kebutuhan seksual suaminya, taat dan patuh pada suaminya, mendampingi suami, serta mengatur segala urusan rumah tangga. Wanita hanya digambarkan memiliki peran domestik dalam lingkup rumah tangganya saja. Sedangkan menurut pandangan ulama kontemporer, laki-laki maupun wanita memiliki nilai dan kedudukan yang sama. Sehingga hal tersebut memiliki konsekuensi logis bahwa wanita pun mampu berkiprah di sektor publik selayaknya seorang laki-laki. Wanita yang hanya berkiprah di sektor domestik ataupun menjalani peran ganda sekaligus tetap memiliki kesempatan yang besar untuk mewujudkan keluarga sakinah. Hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan cara meluruskan niat dan melandaskan segala hal pada Allah Swt; memahami pasangan dengan baik; memahami peran dan tugas masing-masing; menumbuhkan kasih sayang antar anggota keluarga; menjaga komunikasi, terbuka dan membiasakan musyawarah; bersikap adil; serta selalu memperbanyak sabar dan syukur
Praktik Pesanan Paket Aqiqah dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam
Full text linkAbstract: The research entitled The Practice of Ordering Aqiqah Packages in a Review of Islamic Law was written to answer problems related to how the practice of ordering aqiqah package products at Istiqomah Aqiqah Sidoarjo and how to review Islamic law on the practice of ordering aqiqah package products at Istiqomah Aqiqah Sidoarjo. The research data were collected by observation, interview, and literature study techniques which were then analyzed using descriptive techniques in describing ordering aqiqah packages using a greeting contract. The results of this study conclude that the practice of ordering aqiqah package products at Istiqomah Aqiqah uses a salam contract between the ordering party and Istiqomah Aqiqah where payment is made at the beginning of the contract in cash or a down payment of 30%, and delivery of the aqiqah package is submitted at the end of the agreement in the assembly contract. Even though the Istiqomah Aqiqah party has provided payment relief using a down payment of 30% in ordering the aqiqah package, it does not rule out the possibility of a delay in paying the aqiqah package and causing one party to feel disadvantaged, namely the Istiqomah Aqiqah party. Delaying the payment of the aqiqah package made by the ordering party to Istiqomah Aqiqah after it is due according to Islamic law is permissible or mubah because the pillars and conditions in ordering the aqiqah package using the salam contract have been fulfilled. And because of the willingness of the Istiqomah Aqiqah parties to postpone the payment of the aqiqah package, this cannot be avoided due to unexpected things.
Keywords: Orders, Greetings, Aqiqah, Delays in payment
Abstrak: Penelitian yang berjudul Praktik Pesanan Paket Aqiqah dalam Tinjauan Hukum Islam ditulis untuk menjawab permasalahan terkait dengan bagaimana praktik pemesanan produk paket aqiqah di Istiqomah Aqiqah Sidoarjo serta bagaimana tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap praktik pemesanan produk paket aqiqah di Istiqomah Aqiqah Sidoarjo. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka yang kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif dalam menjabarkan pemesanan paket aqiqah dengan menggunakan akad salam. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa praktik pemesanan produk paket aqiqah di Istiqomah Aqiqah dengan menggunakan akad salam antara pihak pemesan dengan pihak Istiqomah Aqiqah dimana pembayarannya dilakukan di awal kontrak secara tunai atau uang muka sebesar 30%, dan penyerahan paket aqiqah diserahkan di akhir kontrak di dalam majelis akad. Meskipun pihak Istiqomah Aqiqah sudah memberikan keringanan pembayaran dengan menggunakan uang muka sebesar 30% dalam pemesanan paket aqiqah tidak menutup kemungkinan terjadinya penundaan pembayaran paket aqiqah dan menyebabkan salah satu pihak merasa dirugikan yaitu pihak Istiqomah Aqiqah. Penundaan pembayaran paket aqiqah yang dilakukan oleh pihak pemesan kepada Istiqomah Aqiqah setelah jatuh tempo menurut hukum Islam adalah boleh atau mubah karena rukun dan syarat dalam pemesanan paket aqiqah menggunakan akad salam sudah terpenuhi. Dan karena adanya kerelaan antara pihak Istiqomah Aqiqah yang ditunda pembayaran paket aqiqah, hal ini tidak bisa dihindari karena hal yang tidak terduga.
Kata Kunci: Pesanan, Salam, Aqiqah, Penundaan pembayara
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM REFORM FOR WOMEN AS VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE THROUGH LOCAL WISDOM
Full text linkThe criminal justice system aiming to serve as a resolution of domestic violence should take into account the adat law system, religious law, and self-regulation living in society. Marriage Institution and Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning Abolishment of Domestic Violence turns out to be a criminogenic factor. This research seeks to investigate the criminal justice system linked to measures for the protection of women as victims of domestic violence in Indonesia and to find out and analyze the contribution of local wisdom to the reform of the system regarding the protection of female victims of domestic violence. This research required doctrines involving the study of secondary data supported by a field study and systematic analyses of the existence of the criminal justice system regarding domestic violence cases with an approach to the local wisdom in Madurese society. The research discovers that the criminal justice system in mitigating the female victims of domestic violence must be integrated and synergized with the sub-systems embracing police, health professionals, social workers, voluntary facilitators, and preachers assigned in criminal court as governed under the Law Number 23 of 2004. The presence of local wisdom in the reform of the criminal justice system concerning domestic violence cases represents the measures taken to shape criminal law in Indonesia by accommodating the values that live in societies, including religious teaching through restorative justice. This approach is intended to accommodate the interest of the victims and criminal offenders to resolve the issue within the criminal justice system
Nafkah Sebagai Konsekuensi Logis Pernikahan
Full text linkThis research aims to find out what are the forms of zahir (material) and inner (non-material) livelihood that a husband must give to his wife? Is the living provided by the husband because of the obedience of the wife or because of the marriage contract? By using a qualitative approach. Zahir livelihoods are related to basic daily necessities, which can be classified as الكسوة (clothing), الطعام (food) and السكن (board), household costs and maintenance, the cost of children's education. While the inner livelihood can be classified as: 1) Husband teaches the values of tauhid, morality and worship. 2) Husband treats wife well, gently. 3) Husband gives sovereignty to wife to interact with society. 4) The husband gives an explanation of what the wife is lacking. 5) Having an intimate relationship between husband and wife. Livelihood is the logical consequence of the marriage contract, both zahir and inner. Zahir is a gift from the husband that must be given to the wife when the marriage contract is completed, provided that they both exercise their rights and obligations. If a wife does not fulfill her obligations as a wife, then the husband is not obliged to provide zahir support to his wife. Meanwhile, the inner livelihood is the living that the husband must give to the wife from the completion of the marriage contract until the end of the marriage, whether the wife is obedient or not
Pemanfaatan Tanah sebagai Jaminan Praktik Qard dalam Tinjauan Ekonomi Syari’ah: Studi di Desa Somalang, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan, Madura
Full text linkSome Madurese people realize that the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use has several negative impacts. Apart from being contrary to al-Qur’an and Hadith, this tradition is also detrimental to the community because it results the guarantee provider is no longer being able to take advantage of it. The people of Somalang, Pakong, Pamekasan, Madura are with the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use until now. Actually, there are a number of people who do not agree with this tradition. However, their arguments are often lacking in strength. Considering that this tradition has been running for decades, so it cannot be separated from the live of the Madurese in general and the Somalang people in particular. This is a descriptive qualitative research and using a case study approach. Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that the tradition of credit guaranteed by land use in Somalang is less profitable for the second party as the recipient of the guarantee. So that, in addition to injure the actual system of credit, this tradition also contradicts the shariah concept of tradition, credit, and the taking of benefit from the land as a guarantee
Implementasi Undang-undang Pornografi terhadap Penyanyi Dangdut dalam Prespektif Hukum Islam
Full text linkDangdut music is one type of music genre found in Indonesia. It is the most loved music by the majority public. However, dangdut music is often misrepresented lately by individuals as the source of pornography. This paper aims to find out how the implementation of prescriptions and constraints of pornography on dangdut singers in the view of the Pornography Law, and Fiqh Siyâsah ideas. The study determined that the prohibitions and restrictions on pornography contained in Law Number 44 of the Year 2008 have not been fully implemented. The Law is applicable only if certain events occur and dangdut singers have violated the restrictions. So it is clear that there is a lacuna between the prevailing rules and the existing phenomena. In terms of Islamic law, the pornographic acts committed by dangdut singers are considered as prohibitory deeds and against Islamic law. It comes under ta'z?r punishment
Penyimpanan Mata Uang Asing Palsu dan Penggunaan Uang Hasil Transfer Dana yang Bukan Miliknya: Suatu Tinjuan dari KUHP dan Undang-undang No. 3 Tahun 2011 tentang Transfer Dana
Full text linkAbstract: The paper aims to analyze whether the conducts of S, who has the counterfeit foreign currency with the intention of circulating the money and the use of the transferred funds that do not belong to him are under the Criminal Code and the Funds Transfer Law. The results of the study showed that S infringed the Article 245 of the Criminal Code which proved that S kept counterfeit foreign currency with the intent of distributing the money through his actions of keeping 10 (ten) pieces of 100 (one hundred) United States dollars which he obtained from A, a friend of S at Bima's Terminal. S also had violated Article 85 of the Funds Transfer Law through his act of utilizing the transferred money that did not belong to him. S knew that the money transferred to his account was not from the platinum metal buyer, based on a telephone's statement between the platinum metal buyer and S, who then took the money from his account and used the money. Therefore, S should be liable for his criminal actions
Derivasi Konsep Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap Penyetaraan Posisi Anak Melalui Pendekatan Affirmative Action
Full text linkThis research aims to provide a study of the simplistic problems of laws and regulations concerning children in Indonesia. In addition, this study also tries to provide a new paradigm to create maximum legal protection for children through the study of the concept of affirmative action. With the addition of Islamic law as the legitimacy of spirituality has led to the idea that Islam also provides similar protection for children. The research method used is normative juridical with statute, conceptual, and case approach materials. The results of the research said, first, the many laws and regulations that provide definitions and limits on children's age have caused legal uncertainty. Second, the use of the concept of affirmative action can place children equally with adults, so that equality before the law can be created. Third, Islamic law considers that child protection is absolute. So that in every law enforcement, judges are required to do justice without discrimination against the marginalized.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan kajian secara simplistik tentang permasalahan hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan tentang anak di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mencoba memberikan paradigma baru untuk menciptakan perlindungan hukum yang maksimal bagi anak melalui kajian konsep affirmative action. Dengan penambahan syariat Islam sebagai legitimasi spiritualitas telah memunculkan pemikiran bahwa Islam juga memberikan perlindungan serupa bagi anak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan, pertama, banyaknya peraturan perundang-undangan yang memberikan definisi dan batasan usia anak menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum. Kedua, penggunaan konsep affirmative action dapat menempatkan anak secara setara dengan orang dewasa, sehingga dapat tercipta persamaan di depan hukum. Ketiga, hukum Islam memandang bahwa perlindungan anak adalah mutlak. Sehingga dalam setiap penegakan hukum, hakim dituntut untuk berlaku adil tanpa diskriminasi terhadap kaum marginal.