Jurnal Online Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum (UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya)
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State Policies and Islamic Law Regarding Juvenile Punishment for Theft
Full text linkThe development of an increasingly sophisticated era certainly has an impact on children, both positive and negative impacts. Due to the absence of maximum direction and assistance to children, children can at any time do disgraceful acts. When children are involved in the crime of theft, they will be faced with the law and processed. Therefore, there is a need for special guidance and assistance from parents and parties whose status and roles have been recognized as external companions for these children. In this research, the writer uses descriptive qualitative research method with normative juridical research type. The analysis was conducted to determine the form of state and Islamic protection against children who are perpetrators of the crime of theft. The results of the study state that the judge can give a decision on the case of a child crime case of theft. However, legal protection is needed for children who do not commit the crime of theft, considering that they are still underage and still need to be given more maximum attention and guidance. The state protects children because their future is also the future of the state. Every level of society in Indonesia is obligated to provide moral support and guarantee that children in dispute with the law are not excluded from the social environment and society, and that they continue to obtain an appropriate education so that their futures are secure. So that youngsters affected by this law do not feel alienated, continued enjoyment of the nation's youth is possible
Equity Crowdfunding: Financing Instruments MSMEs Compilation of Perspective Sharia Economic Law
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze financing instruments for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through equity crowdfunding and examine equity crowdfunding in the perspective of compilation of Sharia economic law (KHES). This type of research is descriptive qualitative research, namely research that seeks to describe and explain the data obtained with secondary data. This study uses a literature research approach, where the data sources are obtained from literature studies and various kinds of literature that are worthy of discussion, including the study of OJK Regulation No. 37/POJK.04/2018 and DSN MUI Fatwa No. 117 /DSN-MUI/II/2018. The results of this study indicate that the financing instrument carried out contains business actors, investors and fund distribution institutions. While the review of Islamic economic law regarding equity crowdfunding leads to 2 types of contracts, namely mudharabah and musyarakah contracts that can be used as references.
Pelibatan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi dalam Pengawasan Hakim Mahkamah Agung dalam Lingkungan Peradilan Perspektif Fath Dhari’ah
Full text linkThe question is still often asked whether the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), in carrying out its function as the vanguard of corruption eradication (TIPIKOR), also supervises judges within the Supreme Court (MA) judiciary. Even though from a juridical perspective, the KPK's authority is not included in the supervision of individual Supreme Court judges who have become the authority of the Judicial Commission (KY), the KPK continues to supervise issues of corruption, gratuities, buying and selling of cases and other forms of TIPIKOR within the Supreme Court justice environment, and not judges as the object. This research envisages what if the KPK is involved in supervising Supreme Court judges by using the thinking method of Fath Dhari'ah, which considers the good and bad consequences of establishing law. This study uses a normative method with descriptive analysis techniques. The result of this study is that the involvement of the KPK in supervising Supreme Court judges in the Supreme Court justice environment contains more mafsada than the desired maslahah.
Pandangan Tokoh Masyarakat dan Pedagang Wonocolo terhadap Penggunaan Uang Rusak atau Cacat pada Transaksi Jual Beli dalam Perspektif UU No. 7 Tahun 2011
Full text linkAbstract: Buying and selling transactions using damaged/defective money is a topic of concern in the Islamic view. Because of this, this research was made to discuss the use of damaged/defective money in buying and selling transactions from the point of view of community leaders and traders in Wonocolo District which will then be analyzed by Law Number 7 of 2011. This research was conducted through a qualitative approach using interviews and participatory observation as method of collecting data. The results of the study show that there are differences of opinion between community leaders and traders regarding the use of damaged/defective money in buying and selling transactions. Some community leaders and traders are of the opinion that the use of damaged/defective money in buying and selling transactions is not in accordance with the legal perspective stipulated in Law Number 7 of 2011. They are of the opinion that the money used in transactions must meet the criteria of validity, not be defective, and have stable exchange rate. They also stated that the use of damaged/defective money could violate the principles of fairness and reduce trust in buying and selling transactions. However, different views also emerge, especially among traders.
Keywords: Buy and Sell; Broken Money; Disabled Money; Wonocolo District.
Abstrak: Transaksi jual beli menggunakan uang rusak/cacat adalah suatu topik yang menjadi perhatian dalam pandangan Islam. Karena itu penelitian ini dibuat guna membahas penggunaan uang rusak/cacat dalam transaksi jual beli dari sudut pandang tokoh masyarakat dan pedagang di Kecamatan Wonocolo yang kemudian akan dianalisis dengan UU Nomor 7 Tahun 2011. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara dan observasi partisipatif sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pandangan diantara tokoh masyarakat dan pedagang terkait dengan penggunaan uang rusak/cacat dalam transaksi jual beli. Beberapa tokoh masyarakat dan pedagang berpendapat bahwa penggunaan uang rusak/cacat dalam transaksi jual beli tidak sesuai dengan perspektif hukum yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2011. Mereka berpendapat bahwa uang yang digunakan dalam transaksi harus memenuhi kriteria keabsahan, tidak cacat, dan memiliki nilai tukar yang stabil. Mereka juga menyatakan bahwa penggunaan uang rusak/cacat dapat melanggar prinsip keadilan dan mengurangi kepercayaan dalam transaksi jual beli. Namun, pandangan yang berbeda juga muncul, terutama di kalangan pedagang.
Kata Kunci: Jual Beli; Uang Rusak; Uang Cacat; Kecamatan Wonocolo
Konsep Kerja Sama (Syirkah) Dalam Bisnis Islam Menurut Perspektif Hadis
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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine and understand more deeply about what Syirkah (cooperation) is contained in the letter Shaad verse 24. This research is a library research using literature (library) as a source, including books of interpretation and supporting scientific articles. On the other hand, the interpretation method used in this research is the maudu'i (thematic) method and the tahlili (analytic) interpretation method. The literature used comes from the Qur'an, hadith and opinions from madhhabs and Islamic jurists. The occurrence of economic stagnation often occurs because the owners of capital are not able to manage their own capital or vice versa have the ability to manage capital but do not have the capital, this can be solved in syirkah which is justified in Islamic sharia. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the syirkah model is a concept that can precisely solve capital problems. On the one hand, Islamic principles state that everything that is used by others is entitled to mutually beneficial compensation, whether for capital goods, labor or rental goods. On the other hand, Islam firmly rejects compensation for capital goods in the form of interest.
Keywords: Syirkah, Source Of Law, End Time Syirkah
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji dan memahami secara lebih mendalam tentang apa itu Syirkah (kerjasama) yang terdapat dalam surat Shaad ayat 24. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan literatur (kepustakaan) sebagai sumber antara lain kitab tafsir dan artikel ilmiah pendukung lainnya, metode penafsiran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian maudu‘i (tematik) dan metode penafsiran tahlili (analitik). Adapun literatur yang digunakan berasal dari Al-Qur’an, hadits dan pendapat dari para madzhab dan para ahli hukum Islam. Kemandekan ekonomi sering terjadi karena pemilik modal tidak mampu mengelola modalnya sendiri atau sebaliknya mempunyai kemampuan mengelola modal tetapi tidak memiliki modal tersebut, hal tersebut dapat terpecahkan dalam syirkah yang dibenarkan dalam syariah Islam. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model syirkah merupakan sebuah konsep yang secara tepat dapat memecahkan permasalahan permodalan. Satu sisi, prinsip Islam menyatakan bahwa segala sesuatu yang dimanfaatkan oleh orang lain berhak memperoleh kompensasi yang saling menguntungkan, baik terhadap barang modal, tenaga atau barang sewa. Disisi lain Islam menolak dengan tegas kompensasi atas barang modal berupa bunga.
Kata Kunci: Syirkah, Sumber Hukum, Waktu Berakhirnya Syirka
PENANGANAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN KORBAN KEKERASAN
Full text linkAbstract: Violence against women in Indonesia has been recognized as a serious problem. Violence against women can be found everywhere such as in family, workplace, community and state, in the form of physic, psychology, sexual and economy. Perpetrators of violence against women can occur in various ways, ranging from individual, groups in society, and in a state institution with the main target toward women; children, adults, and including women with disabilities. It can be due to lack of knowledge and understanding of women to Undang-Undang No. 23 tahun 2004. Consequently, those who become the victim of violence are still trying to survive because of their fear to husband’s retaliation, the lack of shelter, their fear to the people’s negative assumption, their low self-confidence, and the reason of the children’s interest. In these difficult conditions, most wives still love their husband and defend their marriage. The awareness enhancement of law for women which is continually made might reduce the violence against women as mandated by Undang-Undang No. 23 tahun 2004.Abstrak: Kekerasan terhadap perempuan di Indonesia telah diakui sebagai permasalahan yang serius. Kekerasan terhadap perempuan ini dapat ditemukan di mana-mana, baik di lingkungan keluarga, tempat kerja, masyarakat dan negara, dalam bentuk kekerasan fisik, psikis, seksual dan ekonomi. Pelaku kekerasan terhadap perempuan dapat terjadi secara beragam, mulai dari perorangan, kelompok-kelompok yang ada di masyarakat, maupun institusi-institusi negara dengan sasaran perempuan, baik anak, dewasa maupun usia lanjut, termasuk kaum perempuan penyandang cacat. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena rendahnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman perempuan terhadap UU No. 23 tahun 2004, sehingga mengakibatkan perempuan menjadi korban kekerasan tetap berusaha mencoba bertahan. Hal ini karena adanya rasa takut pembalasan suami, tidak adanya tempat berlindung, takut dicerca masyarakat, rasa percaya diri yang rendah, alasan kepentingan anak, dan sebagian isteri tetap mencintai suami mereka serta mempertahankan perkawinan. Peningkatan kesadaran hukum bagi perempuan yang terus menerus dilakukan diharapkan angka kekerasan terhadap perempuan dapat ditekan sesuai dengan amanah Undang-Undang No. 23 tahun 2004
PENGASUHAN ANAK JALANAN DI SANGGAR ALANG-ALANG SURABAYA
Full text linkAbstract: This article discusses the practice of deserted children by Sanggar Alang-Alang Surabaya, a civil society institution which focuses on the welfare of abandoned children in Surabaya. This institution opens formal education such as preschool, literacy program of Paket A (Equivalent to elementary school), Paket B (equivalent to Junior High School) as well as non-formal education. In addition it also provides religious instruction, social and health welfare, life skill as well art training. . In Islamic perspective, this institution has conducted a very noble function in accordance to the Quranic injunction, especially Chapter 17:31 which guarantee the rights of children to live and develop and become. Likewise, Quran Chapter 8:27 also ordains the protection of children. From the perspective of state, theLaw No 23/2002 on Children Protectionhas sanctioned that the state is responsible for the welfare of all deserted children. Thus, this this Sanggar Alang-Alang has performed one of the state’s function and therefore, it should be supported. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang Penerapan Pengasuhan Anak Jalanan di Sanggar Alang-Alang Surabaya. Dalam penerapan pengasuhan anak jalanan di sanggar alang-alang Surabaya, sanggar melaksanakan pendidikan formal seperti PAUD, program kerja paket A (setara SD) dan program kejar paket B (setara SMP) dan pendidikan non formalnya berupa semua pembinaan yang dilakukan di sana. hal ini di tunjang dengan beberapa program unggulan, yakni: pembinaan agama, pembinaan sosial, pembinaan kesehatan, pembinaan keterampilan, dan pembinaan kesenian. Hal ini sesuai dengan surat al-isra’ ayat 31 yang menjelaskan anak berhak untuk dapat hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang. Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 juga menghendaki adanya perlindungan anak, hal ini sesuai dengan ketentuan surat al-anfal ayat 27. Penerapan pengasuhan anak di sanggar alang-alang sudah sesuai dengan apa yang diajarkan oleh hukum Islam, hal ini dapat dilihat dari beberapa program yang dicanangkan. adapun pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh sanggar alang-alang sebenarnya sudah sesuai dengan hukum Islam, namun tidak sesuai dengan undang-undang no. 23 tahun 2002 yang berlaku yang seharusnya anak jalanan dipelihara oleh negara. Untuk itu diharapkan pemerintah dapat memberikan sumbangsihnya dalam pelaksanaan undang-undnag no. 23 tahun 2002 oleh lembaga non pemerinta
PENOLAKAN DISPENSASI NIKAH BAGI PASANGAN NIKAH SIRRI DI BAWAH UMUR
Full text linkAbstract: This article argues the court case refusal of marriage dispensation for those who are still under age of marriage (19 year for men and 16 for women). The case took place in religious Court of Kraksaan, Situbondo. The solicitation for marriage dispensation is submitted by the parent of the girl because she has been already religiously married but not yet registered and already pregnant. This solicitation was not granted by the court. Instead of granting this under age marriage solicitation, the court ordered the parent to apply for marriage admission procedure. This procedure is conducted for the marriage which had took place but still lack of legality. The judges used the artcle 7 numbe (3) point (e) of Kompilasi Hukum Islam to justify their decision. This decision. However, is contradictory to Law No.1/1974 on Marriage which states that under age marriage should only be legalized by marriage dispensation.Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang penolakan dispensasi nikah bagi pasangan nikah sirri di bawah umur dalam Penetapan Pengadilan Agama Kraksaan. Permohonan dispensasi nikah diajukan oleh pemohon untuk anak pemohon. Anak pemohon sudah menikah secara sirri dengan calon menantu pemohon. Ketika istri anak pemohon hamil lima bulan, pemohon selaku orang tua dari anak pemohon mengajukan permohonan kehendak nikah antara anak pemohon dengan calon menantu pemohon ke Pegawai Pencatat Nikah (PPN). Pegawai Pencatat Nikah menolak permohonan kehendak nikah yang diajukan oleh pemohon karena usia anak pemohon belum mencapai 19 tahun dan menyarankan kepada pemohon agar mengajukan permohonan dispensasi nikah di Pengadilan Agama. Majelis hakim menggunakan dasar hukum pasal 7 angka (3) huruf (e) Kompilasi Hukum Islam dan menetapkan tidak menerima permohonan dispensasi nikah yang diajukan pemohon serta menganjurkan kepada anak pemohon agar mengajukan permohonan isbat nikah. Perspektif Undang-undang, anjuran isbat nikah kepada anak pemohon yang dilakukan hakim kurang tepat, karena anak pemohon masih di bawah umur. Dalam undang-undang perkawinan No. 1 tahun 1974 dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam menyatakan bahwa bagi calon mempelai yang belum cukup umur (19 bagi laki-laki dan 16 bagi perempuan) harus mendapatkan dispensasi nikah dari Pengadilan. Tidak semata-mata hanya bisa diselesaikan dengan isbat nikah.Â
Prosesi Adat (Merariq) dalam Kacamata Hukum Pidana di Masyarakat Lombok Tengah (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Gerantung Praya Tengah Kabupaten Lombok Tengah NTB)
Full text linkThis article discusses the criminal aspects in the procession of traditional ceremonies (merariq) of the Central Lombok community (Case Study in Gerantung Village, Central Praya, Central Lombok, NTB). The main challenge of this research is to identify the criminal elements in the procession of merariq customs of the Central Lombok community. For this reason, using an empirical study approach, this researcher collected data through interviews with traditional leaders, community leaders, and authorities. This study concludes that the custom of merariq for the people of Gerantung Village does not conflict with existing customs, even in practice the community will commit criminal acts if they violate customs and state regulations, one of which is Articles 330 and 332 of the merariq custom which have rules that are in line with the practice and enforcement of law in the Merariq tradition
THE ROLE OF INDONESIAN NATIONAL POLICE IN PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH SIYASAH
Full text linkAbstract: The article discusses the role of the Indonesian police in preventing the spread of the covid-19 virus from a fiqh siyasah perspective with a statutory approach. Research data were obtained from primary legal materials, namely laws, and regulations related to the Indonesian National Police. Secondary legal materials were collected from books, articles, and news and analyzed descriptively with a deductive mindset. Data on the role of the police during the Covid-19 pandemic based on Law No. 2 of 2002 concerning the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia was analyzed with a review of fiqh siyasah. This research concludes that the Indonesian National Police agency acts as an instrument of law enforcement and supports the success of the Indonesian government in dealing with covid-19. Among the duties of the Indonesian National Police during the Covid-19 pandemic are enforcing the law, educating the public, detecting the spread of the covid-19 virus early, and maintaining security. The police force adheres to the role of al-hisbah in fiqh siyasah, aiming to invite people to act appropriately and prevent people from committing crimes