Revista Científica INGENIAR - Ingeniería, Tecnología e Investigación
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Diseño de los Dimensionamientos de Alcantarillas para la Protección de la Red Vial Estatal E20 en el Tramo Quinindé – Esmeraldas, Ecuador
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0234
This study analyzes the design of culverts for the state road network E20, Quinindé – Esmeraldas section, in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. The research is justified by the need to protect road infrastructure from runoff damage caused by heavy rainfall in the region. Objectives include the sizing of culverts to mitigate the impact of water flows. A hydrological analysis and generalized rational methodology were used, considering topographic and climatological data. Key findings demonstrate the feasibility of an efficient design for drainage and structural damage mitigation on the road. In conclusion, the proposed design will optimize maintenance resources and enhance infrastructure durability.
Keywords: Hydraulic design, culverts, state road network, sizing, runoff, damage mitigation.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0234
Resumen
El presente trabajo analiza el diseño de alcantarillas para la red vial estatal E20 en el tramo Quinindé – Esmeraldas de la provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. La investigación se justifica por la necesidad de proteger la infraestructura vial frente a daños ocasionados por escorrentía derivada de precipitaciones intensas en la región. Los objetivos incluyen el dimensionamiento de alcantarillas para mitigar el impacto de flujos hídricos. Se empleó un análisis hidrológico y una metodología racional generalizada, considerando datos de topografía y climatología. Los principales resultados indican la viabilidad de un diseño eficiente en el drenaje y la mitigación de daños estructurales en la vía. En conclusión, el diseño propuesto permitirá una optimización de los recursos de mantenimiento vial y favorecerá la durabilidad de la infraestructura.
Palabras clave: Diseño hidráulico, alcantarillas, red vial estatal, dimensionamiento, escorrentía, mitigación de daños.
Abstract
This study analyzes the design of culverts for the state road network E20, Quinindé – Esmeraldas section, in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. The research is justified by the need to protect road infrastructure from runoff damage caused by heavy rainfall in the region. Objectives include the sizing of culverts to mitigate the impact of water flows. A hydrological analysis and generalized rational methodology were used, considering topographic and climatological data. Key findings demonstrate the feasibility of an efficient design for drainage and structural damage mitigation on the road. In conclusion, the proposed design will optimize maintenance resources and enhance infrastructure durability.
Keywords: Hydraulic design, culverts, state road network, sizing, runoff, damage mitigation.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 03 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
Análisis del nivel de calidad del servicio y la producción en la Empresa Mendoza S.A.
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0242
This article presents an analysis based on the results of three surveys applied in an aluminum and glass company. These surveys evaluate the customer's perception of the quality of the products, the workers' perception of the level of quality provided and labor issues, as well as the general manager's opinion on these same topics. The objective of the study is to identify opportunities for improvement in the company's quality management system to optimize customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. The results of the surveys reflect diverse perceptions about the quality of the company's products and processes. Among the most relevant findings, clients highlighted positive aspects in areas such as empathy and safety, although they pointed out opportunities for improvement in reliability and responsiveness. For their part, workers expressed concerns related to the efficiency of production processes and working conditions, while management emphasized the need to strengthen standardization and quality control. Based on these results, we suggest the implementation of actions focused on the areas identified as critical, with the purpose of improving the perceived and operational quality within the organization.
Keywords: Quality Management, Improvement, Customer Satisfaction and Competitiveness.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0242
Resumen
Este artículo presenta un análisis basado en los resultados de tres encuestas aplicadas en una empresa de aluminio y vidrio. Estas encuestas evalúan la percepción del cliente sobre la calidad de los productos, la percepción de los trabajadores respecto al nivel de calidad brindado y aspectos laborales, así como la opinión del gerente general sobre estos mismos temas. El objetivo del estudio es identificar oportunidades de mejora en el sistema de gestión de calidad de la empresa para optimizar la satisfacción del cliente y la eficiencia operativa. Los resultados de las encuestas reflejan diversas percepciones sobre la calidad de los productos y procesos de la empresa. Entre los hallazgos más relevantes, los clientes destacaron aspectos positivos en áreas como la empatía y la seguridad, aunque señalaron oportunidades de mejora en la fiabilidad y capacidad de respuesta. Por su parte, los trabajadores manifestaron inquietudes relacionadas con la eficiencia de los procesos productivos y condiciones laborales, mientras que la gerencia enfatizó la necesidad de fortalecer la estandarización y control de calidad. A partir de estos resultados, se sugiere la implementación de acciones enfocadas en las áreas identificadas como críticas, con el propósito de mejorar la calidad percibida y operativa dentro de la organización.
Palabras clave: Gestión de la Calidad, Mejora, Satisfacción del Cliente y Competitividad.
Abstract
This article presents an analysis based on the results of three surveys applied in an aluminum and glass company. These surveys evaluate the customer's perception of the quality of the products, the workers' perception of the level of quality provided and labor issues, as well as the general manager's opinion on these same topics. The objective of the study is to identify opportunities for improvement in the company's quality management system to optimize customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. The results of the surveys reflect diverse perceptions about the quality of the company's products and processes. Among the most relevant findings, clients highlighted positive aspects in areas such as empathy and safety, although they pointed out opportunities for improvement in reliability and responsiveness. For their part, workers expressed concerns related to the efficiency of production processes and working conditions, while management emphasized the need to strengthen standardization and quality control. Based on these results, we suggest the implementation of actions focused on the areas identified as critical, with the purpose of improving the perceived and operational quality within the organization.
Keywords: Quality Management, Improvement, Customer Satisfaction and Competitiveness.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
La yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz): Revisión del uso de biofertilizantes y su impacto en la agricultura sostenible en Ecuador.
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0243
The cultivation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is essential for food security and rural economy in Ecuador, especially in the coastal region and the province of Manabí. However, current yields are far below their potential due to factors such as low soil fertility and limited use of sustainable technologies. This article reviews the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilizers in cassava cultivation, highlighting the benefits in terms of yield increase, reduced chemical fertilizer use, environmental and economic advantages, and applicability in Manabí. AMF have proven to be effective tools for optimizing nutrient uptake, restoring degraded soils, and reducing the carbon footprint in tropical agricultural systems. The implementation of AMF in Ecuador represents a viable strategy to promote more competitive and sustainable agriculture.
Keywords: Cassava, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biofertilizers, sustainable agriculture, Ecuador, Manabí.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0243
Resumen
El cultivo de la yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) es fundamental para la seguridad alimentaria y la economía rural en Ecuador, especialmente en la región costa y la provincia de Manabí. Sin embargo, los rendimientos actuales están muy por debajo de su potencial debido a factores como la baja fertilidad de los suelos y el uso limitado de tecnologías sostenibles. Este artículo revisa el impacto del uso de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) como biofertilizantes en el cultivo de la yuca, destacando los beneficios en términos de incremento de rendimientos, reducción en el uso de fertilizantes químicos, beneficios ambientales y económicos, y su aplicabilidad en Manabí. Los HMA han demostrado ser una herramienta eficaz para optimizar la absorción de nutrientes, restaurar suelos degradados y disminuir la huella de carbono en sistemas agrícolas tropicales. La implementación de HMA en Ecuador representa una estrategia viable para promover una agricultura más competitiva y sostenible.
Palabras clave: Yuca, hongos micorrízicos arbusculares, biofertilizantes, agricultura sostenible, Ecuador, Manabí.
Abstract
The cultivation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is essential for food security and rural economy in Ecuador, especially in the coastal region and the province of Manabí. However, current yields are far below their potential due to factors such as low soil fertility and limited use of sustainable technologies. This article reviews the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as biofertilizers in cassava cultivation, highlighting the benefits in terms of yield increase, reduced chemical fertilizer use, environmental and economic advantages, and applicability in Manabí. AMF have proven to be effective tools for optimizing nutrient uptake, restoring degraded soils, and reducing the carbon footprint in tropical agricultural systems. The implementation of AMF in Ecuador represents a viable strategy to promote more competitive and sustainable agriculture.
Keywords: Cassava, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, biofertilizers, sustainable agriculture, Ecuador, Manabí.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
Análisis de la infraestructura vial y su impacto en la movilidad y desarrollo económico en la comunidad de Sancán, cantón Jipijapa
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0271
Abstract
This study analyzed the road infrastructure problem in the rural community of Sancán, located in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, and its implications for mobility and local economic development. The main objective was to assess the current condition of the rural road network and analyze its impact on residents' living conditions. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining household surveys with 142 families, semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders, and participatory technical inspections of road conditions. The results revealed significant deterioration of the main road, with direct impacts on access to basic services, agricultural transport, and household economies. Over 60% of surveyed households reported economic losses due to poor road conditions, and 88% prioritized road rehabilitation as an urgent need. Additionally, a set of community-driven proposals was identified, including low-cost, context-appropriate, and sustainable solutions such as the creation of local maintenance brigades and regulation of heavy traffic. The study concluded that deficient road infrastructure deepens territorial inequalities and limits the development of rural communities. However, community participation emerged as a strategic tool to promote more effective, equitable, and sustainable interventions.
Keywords: road infrastructure, rural mobility, local development, community participation, territorial exclusion.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0271
Resumen
El presente estudio analizó la problemática de la infraestructura vial en la comunidad rural de Sancán, localizada en la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, y sus implicaciones sobre la movilidad y el desarrollo económico local. El objetivo principal fue diagnosticar el estado actual de la red vial rural y analizar su impacto en las condiciones de vida de los habitantes. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología de enfoque mixto, que combinó encuestas domiciliarias a 142 hogares, entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores locales y recorridos técnicos participativos para la verificación del estado de las vías. Los resultados evidenciaron un deterioro significativo de la vía principal, asociado a impactos directos en el acceso a servicios básicos, el transporte agrícola y la economía familiar. Más del 60 % de los hogares reportó pérdidas económicas derivadas del mal estado vial, mientras que el 88 % priorizó su rehabilitación como necesidad urgente. Asimismo, se identificó un conjunto de propuestas comunitarias orientadas a soluciones de bajo costo, sostenibles y adaptadas al contexto, entre ellas la conformación de brigadas vecinales de mantenimiento y la regulación del tránsito pesado. Se concluyó que la infraestructura vial deficiente profundiza las desigualdades territoriales y limita el desarrollo de comunidades rurales. No obstante, la participación comunitaria se perfiló como una herramienta estratégica para promover intervenciones más efectivas, justas y sostenibles.
Palabras clave: infraestructura vial, movilidad rural, desarrollo local, participación comunitaria, exclusión territorial.
Abstract
This study analyzed the road infrastructure problem in the rural community of Sancán, located in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, and its implications for mobility and local economic development. The main objective was to assess the current condition of the rural road network and analyze its impact on residents' living conditions. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining household surveys with 142 families, semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders, and participatory technical inspections of road conditions. The results revealed significant deterioration of the main road, with direct impacts on access to basic services, agricultural transport, and household economies. Over 60% of surveyed households reported economic losses due to poor road conditions, and 88% prioritized road rehabilitation as an urgent need. Additionally, a set of community-driven proposals was identified, including low-cost, context-appropriate, and sustainable solutions such as the creation of local maintenance brigades and regulation of heavy traffic. The study concluded that deficient road infrastructure deepens territorial inequalities and limits the development of rural communities. However, community participation emerged as a strategic tool to promote more effective, equitable, and sustainable interventions.
Keywords: road infrastructure, rural mobility, local development, community participation, territorial exclusion.
Información del manuscrito:
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 16 de junio de 2025.
Diagnosis of Urban Pavement Failures Using the PCI Method: The Case of Eloy Alfaro Street in Jipijapa
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0293
Abstract
Urban pavement condition on Eloy Alfaro Street (Jipijapa, Ecuador), between Febres Cordero and Villamil, was assessed to inform urban mobility and road-safety management. The objective was to determine surface condition using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI; ASTM D6433-07) by identifying distress types, computing PCI for each sampling unit (SU) and establishing the section’s overall state. An observational, cross-sectional survey with standardised visual inspection was conducted on eight SUs of 228 m². Distress densities were calculated by metric (area, length, count), deduct values (DV) were obtained and iteratively corrected (DV→CDV), and PCI per SU was derived as 100 − max (CDV). Recorded distresses comprised alligator (fatigue) cracking, longitudinal/transverse cracking, potholes, ravelling/weathering and rutting. The section’s mean PCI was 24.5 (“very poor”), with a heterogeneous distribution: 50% failed (PCI 0–8), 25% poor, 12.5% fair and 12.5% good (maximum 64). It was concluded that the section exhibited advanced deterioration with a concentration of structural and functional distresses in the central subsections, and that PCI provided a valid, decision-oriented indicator to support maintenance prioritisation within urban pavement management.
Keywords: urban pavement, PCI, surface distress, road safety, maintenance prioritisation.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0293
Resumen
Se evaluó el estado del pavimento urbano en la calle Eloy Alfaro (Jipijapa, Ecuador), entre Febres Cordero y Villamil, para informar la gestión de la movilidad urbana y la seguridad vial. El objetivo fue determinar el estado de la superficie utilizando el Índice de Estado del Pavimento (PCI; ASTM D6433-07) mediante la identificación de los tipos de deterioro, el cálculo del PCI para cada unidad de muestreo (SU) y el establecimiento del estado general de la sección. Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal con inspección visual estandarizada en ocho SU de 228 m². Las densidades de deterioro se calcularon mediante métricas (área, longitud, conteo), se obtuvieron valores de deducción (DV) y se corrigieron iterativamente (DV → CDV), y el PCI por SU se derivó como 100 − máx. (CDV). Los deterioros registrados comprendieron agrietamiento por fatiga, agrietamiento longitudinal/transversal, baches, desprendimiento/meteorización y ahuellamiento. El PCI medio del tramo fue de 24,5 (muy deficiente), con una distribución heterogénea: 50 % de los casos fueron reprobados (PCI 0-8), 25 % deficientes, 12,5 % regulares y 12,5 % buenos (máximo 64). Se concluyó que el tramo presentaba un deterioro avanzado, con una concentración de problemas estructurales y funcionales en los tramos centrales, y que el PCI proporcionaba un indicador válido y orientado a la toma de decisiones para respaldar la priorización del mantenimiento en la gestión del pavimento urbano.
Palabras clave: pavimento urbano, PCI, deterioro de la superficie, seguridad vial; priorización del mantenimiento.
Abstract
Urban pavement condition on Eloy Alfaro Street (Jipijapa, Ecuador), between Febres Cordero and Villamil, was assessed to inform urban mobility and road-safety management. The objective was to determine surface condition using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI; ASTM D6433-07) by identifying distress types, computing PCI for each sampling unit (SU) and establishing the section’s overall state. An observational, cross-sectional survey with standardised visual inspection was conducted on eight SUs of 228 m². Distress densities were calculated by metric (area, length, count), deduct values (DV) were obtained and iteratively corrected (DV→CDV), and PCI per SU was derived as 100 − max (CDV). Recorded distresses comprised alligator (fatigue) cracking, longitudinal/transverse cracking, potholes, ravelling/weathering and rutting. The section’s mean PCI was 24.5 (“very poor”), with a heterogeneous distribution: 50% failed (PCI 0–8), 25% poor, 12.5% fair and 12.5% good (maximum 64). It was concluded that the section exhibited advanced deterioration with a concentration of structural and functional distresses in the central subsections, and that PCI provided a valid, decision-oriented indicator to support maintenance prioritisation within urban pavement management.
Keywords: urban pavement, PCI, surface distress, road safety, maintenance prioritisation.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 09 de junio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de agosto de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 29 de septiembre de 2025
Analysis of macrotexture and skid resistance in flexible pavements using standardised methods
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0302
Abstract
The study assessed the relationship between pavement macrotexture and wet-condition friction on a flexible section of El Venado Road (El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador). The objective was to establish a quantitative correlation between Mean Texture Depth (MTD) and the British Pendulum Number (BPN). Standardised methods were applied: ASTM E965 (sand patch) for MTD and ASTM E303 (British Pendulum Tester) for BPN. Five 50 m sections were defined with five points per section (n = 25), with environmental control and instrument calibration. Statistical analysis (Pearson and OLS) indicated a positive, significant association (r = 0.91; R² = 0.83) and a linear model BPN = 28.54 + 51.04·MTD. A 0.1 mm increase in MTD raised BPN by approximately 5.1 units. Residuals exhibited normality and homoscedasticity, confirming model validity. It was concluded that macrotexture acted as a robust predictor of friction on flexible pavements and provides an operational tool to prioritise maintenance and road safety audits, with recalibration advised for different aggregate gradations, climates, and traffic levels.
Keywords: Macrotexture; Skid resistance; Flexible pavements; ASTM E965; ASTM E303.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0302
Resumen
El estudio evaluó la relación entre la macrotextura del pavimento y la fricción en condiciones húmedas en una sección flexible de la carretera El Venado (El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador). El objetivo fue establecer una correlación cuantitativa entre la Profundidad Media de Textura (MTD) y el Número de Péndulo Británico (BPN). Se aplicaron métodos estandarizados: ASTM E965 (parche de arena) para MTD y ASTM E303 (British Pendulum Tester) para BPN. Se definieron cinco secciones de 50 m con cinco puntos por sección (n = 25), con control ambiental y calibración del instrumento. El análisis estadístico (Pearson y MCO) indicó una asociación positiva y significativa (r = 0,91; R² = 0,83) y un modelo lineal BPN = 28,54 + 51,04·MTD. Un aumento de 0,1 mm en MTD elevó BPN en aproximadamente 5,1 unidades. Los residuos exhibieron normalidad y homocedasticidad, confirmando la validez del modelo. Se concluyó que la macrotextura actuó como un predictor sólido de la fricción en pavimentos flexibles y proporciona una herramienta operativa para priorizar el mantenimiento y las auditorías de seguridad vial, y se recomienda una recalibración para diferentes gradaciones de agregados, climas y niveles de tráfico.
Palabras clave: Macrotextura; Resistencia al deslizamiento; Pavimentos flexibles; ASTM E965; ASTM E303.
Abstract
The study assessed the relationship between pavement macrotexture and wet-condition friction on a flexible section of El Venado Road (El Carmen, Manabí, Ecuador). The objective was to establish a quantitative correlation between Mean Texture Depth (MTD) and the British Pendulum Number (BPN). Standardised methods were applied: ASTM E965 (sand patch) for MTD and ASTM E303 (British Pendulum Tester) for BPN. Five 50 m sections were defined with five points per section (n = 25), with environmental control and instrument calibration. Statistical analysis (Pearson and OLS) indicated a positive, significant association (r = 0.91; R² = 0.83) and a linear model BPN = 28.54 + 51.04·MTD. A 0.1 mm increase in MTD raised BPN by approximately 5.1 units. Residuals exhibited normality and homoscedasticity, confirming model validity. It was concluded that macrotexture acted as a robust predictor of friction on flexible pavements and provides an operational tool to prioritise maintenance and road safety audits, with recalibration advised for different aggregate gradations, climates, and traffic levels.
Keywords: Macrotexture; Skid resistance; Flexible pavements; ASTM E965; ASTM E303.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 08 de julio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 27 de octubre de 2025
Análisis estadístico de regresión lineal múltiple para la predicción de distancia de marcha en función de variables antropométricas
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0305
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a multiple linear regression model to predict the distance covered in 20 steps based on basic anthropometric variables in a functionally healthy population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 403 participants over 18 years old without physical limitations affecting gait, evaluating age, weight, height, and sex as independent variables. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination using Akaike information criterion was applied, comparing models with and without intercept. The initial model with intercept showed limitations in its explanatory capacity, achieving an adjusted R² of 0.3754, which motivated the evaluation of structural alternatives. Intercept elimination produced dramatic improvements in predictive capacity, increasing the adjusted R² to 0.9872 and resulting in the final equation Y = 0.8702(Age) + 3.4580(Weight) + 6.3203(Height). Height emerged as the most significant predictor (t = 20.929, p < 2e-16), confirming its biomechanical importance in locomotor performance, followed by weight (t = 4.835, p = 1.9e-06). Contrary to expectations, age showed no statistical significance (p = 0.277) in the final model. Results confirm the feasibility of developing highly effective predictive tools based on simple anthropometric measurements, offering a practical and accessible approach for functional assessment in clinical and sports contexts without requiring costly specialized equipment.
Keywords: biomechanics, functional capacity, locomotor assessment, predictive modeling, physical performance.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0305
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple para predecir la distancia recorrida en 20 pasos a partir de variables antropométricas básicas en una población funcionalmente sana. Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal con 403 participantes mayores de 18 años sin limitaciones físicas que afectaran la marcha, evaluando edad, peso, estatura y sexo como variables independientes. Se aplicó regresión lineal múltiple con eliminación hacia atrás utilizando el criterio de información de Akaike, comparando modelos con y sin intercepto. El modelo inicial con intercepto mostró limitaciones en su capacidad explicativa, alcanzando un R² ajustado de 0.3754, lo que motivó la evaluación de alternativas estructurales. La eliminación del intercepto produjo mejoras dramáticas en la capacidad predictiva, incrementando el R² ajustado a 0.9872 y resultando en la ecuación final Y = 0.8702(Edad) + 3.4580(Peso) + 6.3203(Estatura). La estatura emergió como el predictor más significativo (t = 20.929, p < 2e-16), confirmando su importancia biomecánica en el rendimiento locomotor, seguida del peso (t = 4.835, p = 1.9e-06). Contrariamente a las expectativas, la edad no demostró significancia estadística (p = 0.277) en el modelo final. Los resultados confirman la viabilidad de desarrollar herramientas predictivas altamente eficaces basadas en mediciones antropométricas simples, ofreciendo una aproximación práctica y accesible para la evaluación funcional en contextos clínicos y deportivos sin requerir equipamiento especializado costoso.
Palabras clave: biomecánica, capacidad funcional, evaluación locomotora, modelado predictivo, rendimiento físico.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a multiple linear regression model to predict the distance covered in 20 steps based on basic anthropometric variables in a functionally healthy population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 403 participants over 18 years old without physical limitations affecting gait, evaluating age, weight, height, and sex as independent variables. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination using Akaike information criterion was applied, comparing models with and without intercept. The initial model with intercept showed limitations in its explanatory capacity, achieving an adjusted R² of 0.3754, which motivated the evaluation of structural alternatives. Intercept elimination produced dramatic improvements in predictive capacity, increasing the adjusted R² to 0.9872 and resulting in the final equation Y = 0.8702(Age) + 3.4580(Weight) + 6.3203(Height). Height emerged as the most significant predictor (t = 20.929, p < 2e-16), confirming its biomechanical importance in locomotor performance, followed by weight (t = 4.835, p = 1.9e-06). Contrary to expectations, age showed no statistical significance (p = 0.277) in the final model. Results confirm the feasibility of developing highly effective predictive tools based on simple anthropometric measurements, offering a practical and accessible approach for functional assessment in clinical and sports contexts without requiring costly specialized equipment.
Keywords: biomechanics, functional capacity, locomotor assessment, predictive modeling, physical performance.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de mayo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de julio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 18 de agosto de 2025
Análisis del estado de calidad del agua utilizando el índice NSF y propuesta de tratamiento de agua para la microcuenca Nagsiche en Salcedo, Cotopaxi
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0308
Abstract
This study established the water quality in the Nagsiche River micro-basin in the province of Cotopaxi, using the ICA-NSF method. Three sampling areas (upper, middle, and lower) located in the parishes of Yanahurco, Cusubamba, and Panzaleo were considered. The method used was quantitative, adhering to the water quality index suggested by the National Sanitation Foundation of the United States. The findings indicate that the upper basin had an average AQI of 66.71, classifying it as fair. The middle basin had an average AQI of 60.97, also classifying it as fair. The lower basin had an average AQI of 57.65, also classifying it as fair. Consequently, the water quality in the Nagsiche micro-basin has an average of 61.77, with respect to the three sampling areas, it was recorded as regular due to the existence of human activities carried out in the approaches to the river.
Keywords: Nagsiche Microbasin, Water Quality, ICA, NSF, Sampling Points, Riverbanks.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i16.0308
Resumen
En este estudio se estableció la calidad del agua en la microcuenca del río Nagsiche, en la provincia de Cotopaxi, utilizando el método ICA-NSF. En esta investigación se tuvieron en cuenta tres áreas de muestreo (alta, media y baja) ubicadas en las parroquias de Yanahurco, Cusubamba y Panzaleo. El método utilizado fue de carácter cuantitativo, ajustándose al índice de calidad del agua sugerido por la Fundación Nacional de Saneamiento de los Estados Unidos. Los hallazgos indican que, en la cuenca alta, se registró un AQI promedio de 66.71, lo que da una clasificación de regular. En la cuenca media, se proporcionó un AQI promedio de 60.97, clasificándolo como regular. En la cuenca baja, se proporcionó un AQI promedio de 57.65, lo que le dio una clasificación regular. En consecuencia, la calidad del agua en la microcuenca del Nagsiche tiene un promedio de 61.77, con respecto a las tres áreas de muestreo, se registró como regular debido a la existencia de actividades humanas realizadas en las aproximaciones al río.
Palabras clave: Microcuenca Nagsiche, Calidad del agua, ICA, NSF, Puntos de muestreo, riberas.
Abstract
This study established the water quality in the Nagsiche River micro-basin in the province of Cotopaxi, using the ICA-NSF method. Three sampling areas (upper, middle, and lower) located in the parishes of Yanahurco, Cusubamba, and Panzaleo were considered. The method used was quantitative, adhering to the water quality index suggested by the National Sanitation Foundation of the United States. The findings indicate that the upper basin had an average AQI of 66.71, classifying it as fair. The middle basin had an average AQI of 60.97, also classifying it as fair. The lower basin had an average AQI of 57.65, also classifying it as fair. Consequently, the water quality in the Nagsiche micro-basin has an average of 61.77, with respect to the three sampling areas, it was recorded as regular due to the existence of human activities carried out in the approaches to the river.
Keywords: Nagsiche Microbasin, Water Quality, ICA, NSF, Sampling Points, Riverbanks.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 02 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de noviembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 04 de diciembre de 2025
Evaluación y prevención de los riesgos psicosociales en el personal de salud del Hospital Napoleón Dávila Córdova del cantón Chone
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0250
The objective of this article was to evaluate the psychosocial risks of health personnel who work at the Napoleón Dávila Córdova Hospital in the Chone canton, in order to establish improvement actions. To achieve this, a non-experimental transversal, transectional descriptive methodology was used, along with inductive, deductive and analytical-synthetic methods, in addition to interview and survey techniques for data collection. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that 39.08% of the medical staff have had impacts on their physical, mental and personal health, in addition, 32.28% of them have had emotional effects, in addition the work environment is another impact factor because only 14.56% of the staff have a good reception of the work environment that exists in the hospital. Based on these findings, an improvement proposal is established focused on the problems detected.
Keywords: Psychosocial risks, indicators, health.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0250
Resumen
El presente artículo tuvo por objetivo evaluar los riesgos psicosociales del personal de salud que labora en el Hospital Napoleón Dávila Córdova del cantón Chone, con el fin de establecer acciones de mejora, para su consecución se empleó una metodología no experimental transversal, transeccional de tipo descriptivo, a parir de los métodos inductivo, deductivo y analítico-sintético, además de las técnicas de la entrevista y la encuesta para la recolección de datos. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que un 39,08% del personal de salud ha experimentado impactos negativos en su bienestar físico, mental y personal, mientras que un 32,28% ha manifestado afectaciones emocionales significativas. Asimismo, el ambiente laboral representa un factor determinante en la percepción del riesgo psicosocial, ya que solo el 14,56% de los encuestados considera que existe un entorno laboral favorable. Estos hallazgos reflejan la necesidad de implementar medidas correctivas que promuevan condiciones laborales más saludables y sostenibles. En función de estos resultados, se propone un plan de intervención orientado a reducir los riesgos identificados y fortalecer el bienestar del personal, con el fin de optimizar su desempeño y mejorar la calidad del servicio en el hospital.
Palabras clave: Riesgos psicosociales, indicadores, salud.
Abstract
The objective of this article was to evaluate the psychosocial risks of health personnel who work at the Napoleón Dávila Córdova Hospital in the Chone canton, in order to establish improvement actions. To achieve this, a non-experimental transversal, transectional descriptive methodology was used, along with inductive, deductive and analytical-synthetic methods, in addition to interview and survey techniques for data collection. Among the results obtained, it is highlighted that 39.08% of the medical staff have had impacts on their physical, mental and personal health, in addition, 32.28% of them have had emotional effects, in addition the work environment is another impact factor because only 14.56% of the staff have a good reception of the work environment that exists in the hospital. Based on these findings, an improvement proposal is established focused on the problems detected.
Keywords: Psychosocial risks, indicators, health.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de enero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de abril de 2025
Evaluación del Estado en la Central Termogas Machala a través Machine Learning
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0259
This study examined the situation of the Termogas Machala power plant. The challenge of the project is to overcome major challenges to ensure continuity and ensure an efficient supply of electricity, as well as the efficient use of natural resources and the reduction of environmental impact. The Machala thermal power plant operates in a combined cycle, has 8 generating units corresponding to Machala I and Machala II, with a total power of 187 MW. Using Python programming and the Pyomo library for the optimization process, it was possible to examine the variables of fuel, power and electric energy costs of the plant. The main goal is to reduce the electrical energy production costs, and the constraints are linked to the startup, shutdown and power balance costs. In addition, GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK) is used to solve the problem, since the type of programming suggested is mixed linear integer. Through the analysis carried out, it was possible to determine which thermal generators can operate simultaneously, to develop maintenance plans for the scheduled output of these generators and to determine the total energy generated.
Keywords: Combined cycle, Pyomo, Python, Optimization, Thermogas Plant.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/ig.v8i15.0259
Resumen
En este estudio se examinó la situación de la Central Termogas Machala. El desafío del proyecto consiste en superar grandes desafíos para asegurar la continuidad y asegurar un suministro eficaz de energía eléctrica, así como el uso eficiente de los recursos naturales y la reducción del impacto ambiental. La central termogas Machala opera en ciclo combinado, dispone de 8 unidades generadoras correspondientes a Machala I y Machala II, con una potencia total de 187 MW. Utilizando la programación en Python y la librería Pyomo para el proceso de optimización, se pudo examinar las variables de costos de combustible, potencia y energía eléctrica de la planta. La meta principal es reducir los costos de producción de energía eléctrica y las limitaciones están vinculadas a los costos de inicio, parada y el equilibrio de potencia. Además, para solucionar el problema se utiliza GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK), ya que el tipo de programación sugerido es entero lineal mixta. Mediante el análisis efectuado, se pudo determinar qué generadores térmicos pueden funcionar simultáneamente, elaborar planes de mantenimiento para la salida programada de estos generadores y determinar la energía total generada.
Palabras clave: Central Termogas, Ciclo Combinado, Pyomo, Python, Optimización.
Abstract
This study examined the situation of the Termogas Machala power plant. The challenge of the project is to overcome major challenges to ensure continuity and ensure an efficient supply of electricity, as well as the efficient use of natural resources and the reduction of environmental impact. The Machala thermal power plant operates in a combined cycle, has 8 generating units corresponding to Machala I and Machala II, with a total power of 187 MW. Using Python programming and the Pyomo library for the optimization process, it was possible to examine the variables of fuel, power and electric energy costs of the plant. The main goal is to reduce the electrical energy production costs, and the constraints are linked to the startup, shutdown and power balance costs. In addition, GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK) is used to solve the problem, since the type of programming suggested is mixed linear integer. Through the analysis carried out, it was possible to determine which thermal generators can operate simultaneously, to develop maintenance plans for the scheduled output of these generators and to determine the total energy generated.
Keywords: Combined cycle, Pyomo, Python, Optimization, Thermogas Plant.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 14 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de mayo de 2025