Revista Científica Arbitrada de Investigación en Comunicación, Marketing y Empresa
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Factores de eficiencia operativa y productividad en la rentabilidad de las PYMES ecuatorianas en el periodo 2024
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0397
ABSTRACT
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constitute a fundamental pillar of the Ecuadorian economy, but they face challenges related to operational efficiency, productivity, and their impact on profitability. This study aimed to analyze the influence of operational efficiency and productivity factors on the profitability of Ecuadorian SMEs during the year 2024, considering the heterogeneity of sectors and regions in which they operate. Methodologically, the research adopted a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational approach, with a sample of 292 SMEs registered with the Superintendency of Companies. A five-point Likert scale survey was applied, validated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.957, which confirmed the instrument's consistency. The results showed moderate levels of efficiency, productivity, and profitability (means ≈ 3.0), with positive and significant correlations between the three variables (r = 0.753–0.848). The multiple linear regression model explained 68.6% of the variance in profitability, identifying productivity as the most influential predictor (β = 0.651). It is concluded that the profitability of Ecuadorian SMEs depends on the synergistic interaction between efficient processes and productive performance, with productivity consolidating as the bridge between operational efficiency and sustainable financial results.
Keywords: Operational efficiency, Productivity, Profitability, SMEs.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0397
RESUMEN
Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) constituyen un pilar fundamental en la economía ecuatoriana, pero enfrentan desafíos relacionados con la eficiencia operativa, la productividad y su impacto en la rentabilidad. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de los factores de eficiencia operativa y productividad en la rentabilidad de las PYMES ecuatorianas durante el año 2024, considerando la heterogeneidad de sectores y regiones en las que estas se desenvuelven. Metodológicamente, la investigación adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y correlacional, con una muestra de 292 PYMES registradas en la Superintendencia de Compañías. Se aplicó una encuesta con escala Likert de cinco puntos, validada con un Alfa de Cronbach de 0.957, lo que confirmó la consistencia del instrumento. Los resultados mostraron niveles moderados de eficiencia, productividad y rentabilidad (medias ≈ 3.0), con correlaciones positivas y significativas entre las tres variables (r = 0.753 – 0.848). El modelo de regresión lineal múltiple explicó el 68.6% de la varianza en la rentabilidad, identificando a la productividad como el predictor más influyente (β = 0.651). Se concluye que la rentabilidad de las PYMES ecuatorianas depende de la interacción sinérgica entre procesos eficientes y el desempeño productivo, consolidándose la productividad como el puente entre eficiencia operativa y resultados financieros sostenibles.
Palabras claves: Eficiencia operativa, Productividad, Rentabilidad, PYMES.
ABSTRACT
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) constitute a fundamental pillar of the Ecuadorian economy, but they face challenges related to operational efficiency, productivity, and their impact on profitability. This study aimed to analyze the influence of operational efficiency and productivity factors on the profitability of Ecuadorian SMEs during the year 2024, considering the heterogeneity of sectors and regions in which they operate. Methodologically, the research adopted a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational approach, with a sample of 292 SMEs registered with the Superintendency of Companies. A five-point Likert scale survey was applied, validated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.957, which confirmed the instrument's consistency. The results showed moderate levels of efficiency, productivity, and profitability (means ≈ 3.0), with positive and significant correlations between the three variables (r = 0.753–0.848). The multiple linear regression model explained 68.6% of the variance in profitability, identifying productivity as the most influential predictor (β = 0.651). It is concluded that the profitability of Ecuadorian SMEs depends on the synergistic interaction between efficient processes and productive performance, with productivity consolidating as the bridge between operational efficiency and sustainable financial results.
Keywords: Operational efficiency, Productivity, Profitability, SMEs.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de junio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de agosto de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 15 de septiembre de 2025
Aplicación de una guía lúdica para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades motrices en los niños de 2 a 3 años
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0344
ABSTRACT
This research focused on the application of a playful guide to strengthen motor skills in children aged 2 to 3 years in Child Development Centers (CDI), as well as the Cuidando a nuestros Hijos (CNH) center, with the aim of final application in the Libertador Bolívar Community of the Los Ceibos neighborhood in Santa Elena for children who presented difficulties in the development of these skills. The general objective of evaluating the effectiveness of a playful guide for strengthening motor skills in children aged 2 to 3 years in various childcare contexts in Ecuador was pursued through demonstrative psychomotor activities conducted directly in the children's environment, involving a sample of 150 participants from the studied communities. The data collection technique was systematic observation, using pre-tests, post-tests, and a checklist as instruments. The results obtained revealed a general trend towards the achievement of the evaluated skills in the majority of the infants. However, a considerable number of children were identified who still presented difficulties in reaching the expected motor development objectives for their age group. These findings underscore the importance of applying playful guides, as well as the need for individualized follow-up to ensure optimal psychomotor development in early childhood.
Keywords: Motor Skills, Strategic Guides, Teaching and Learning Process.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0344
RESUMEN
La presente investigación se centró en la aplicación de una guía lúdica para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades motrices en los niños de 2 a 3 años en los Centros de Desarrollo Infantil (CDI), además del centro de Cuidando a nuestros Hijos (CNH), para tener una aplicación final en la Comunidad Libertador Bolívar del Barrio Los Ceibos en Santa Elena en niños que presentaban dificultades en el desarrollo de dichas habilidades. El objetivo general de evaluar la efectividad de una guía lúdica para el fortalecimiento de las habilidades motrices en niños de 2 a 3 años en diversos contextos de cuidado infantil en Ecuador, se llevaron a cabo actividades psicomotrices demostrativas directamente en el entorno de los niños, involucrando a una muestra de 150 participantes de las comunidades estudiadas. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la observación sistemática, utilizando como instrumentos: pre test, post test y lista de cotejo, los resultados obtenidos revelaron una tendencia general hacia el logro de las habilidades evaluadas en la mayoría de los infantes. Sin embargo, se identificó un número considerable de niños que aún presentaban dificultades para alcanzar los objetivos de desarrollo motor esperados para su grupo etario, estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de la aplicación de guías lúdicas, así como la necesidad de un seguimiento individualizado para asegurar un desarrollo psicomotriz óptimo en la primera infancia.
Palabras claves: Habilidades Motrices, Guías Estratégicas, Proceso de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje.
ABSTRACT
This research focused on the application of a playful guide to strengthen motor skills in children aged 2 to 3 years in Child Development Centers (CDI), as well as the Cuidando a nuestros Hijos (CNH) center, with the aim of final application in the Libertador Bolívar Community of the Los Ceibos neighborhood in Santa Elena for children who presented difficulties in the development of these skills. The general objective of evaluating the effectiveness of a playful guide for strengthening motor skills in children aged 2 to 3 years in various childcare contexts in Ecuador was pursued through demonstrative psychomotor activities conducted directly in the children's environment, involving a sample of 150 participants from the studied communities. The data collection technique was systematic observation, using pre-tests, post-tests, and a checklist as instruments. The results obtained revealed a general trend towards the achievement of the evaluated skills in the majority of the infants. However, a considerable number of children were identified who still presented difficulties in reaching the expected motor development objectives for their age group. These findings underscore the importance of applying playful guides, as well as the need for individualized follow-up to ensure optimal psychomotor development in early childhood.
Keywords: Motor Skills, Strategic Guides, Teaching and Learning Process.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de julio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 22 de octubre de 2025
Contabilidad verde y su impacto en la gestión ambiental empresarial: Diseño de un modelo contable para medir huella de carbono y costos ecológicos
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0351
ABSTRACT
Green accounting emerges as a response to the inability of traditional accounting systems to capture the environmental impact of business operations. This article analyzes the impact of green accounting on corporate environmental management and critically examines existing accounting models for carbon footprint and ecological cost measurement. Through qualitative documentary research that systematically examines recent scientific literature (2020-2025), international standards (IFRS S1/S2, GHG Protocol, ISO 14064), and comparative experiences, environmental management accounting approaches, carbon accounting, and externality valuation are evaluated. Findings reveal that existing models present significant limitations in Scope 3 measurement, heterogeneity in monetary valuation methods, and insufficient integration with management systems. Improvement guidelines are proposed including hybrid measurement approaches, internal carbon price standardization, and articulation with ISO 14001 systems.
Keywords: green accounting, carbon footprint, environmental management, ecological costs, corporate sustainability.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0351
RESUMEN
La contabilidad verde emerge como respuesta a la incapacidad de los sistemas contables tradicionales para capturar el impacto ambiental de las operaciones empresariales. Este artículo analiza el impacto de la contabilidad verde en la gestión ambiental empresarial y examina críticamente los modelos contables existentes para la medición de huella de carbono y costos ecológicos. Mediante una investigación documental de enfoque cualitativo que examina literatura científica reciente (2020-2025), estándares internacionales (NIIF S1/S2, GHG Protocol, ISO 14064) y experiencias comparadas, se evalúan los enfoques de contabilidad de gestión ambiental, contabilidad del carbono y valoración de externalidades. Los hallazgos revelan que los modelos existentes presentan limitaciones significativas en la medición del Alcance 3, heterogeneidad en métodos de valoración monetaria e insuficiente integración con sistemas de gestión. Se proponen lineamientos de mejora que incluyen enfoques híbridos de medición, estandarización de precios internos de carbono y articulación con sistemas ISO 14001. La investigación contribuye al desarrollo de herramientas contables adaptadas al contexto empresarial latinoamericano.
Palabras claves: contabilidad verde, huella de carbono, gestión ambiental, costos ecológicos, sostenibilidad empresarial.
ABSTRACT
Green accounting emerges as a response to the inability of traditional accounting systems to capture the environmental impact of business operations. This article analyzes the impact of green accounting on corporate environmental management and critically examines existing accounting models for carbon footprint and ecological cost measurement. Through qualitative documentary research that systematically examines recent scientific literature (2020-2025), international standards (IFRS S1/S2, GHG Protocol, ISO 14064), and comparative experiences, environmental management accounting approaches, carbon accounting, and externality valuation are evaluated. Findings reveal that existing models present significant limitations in Scope 3 measurement, heterogeneity in monetary valuation methods, and insufficient integration with management systems. Improvement guidelines are proposed including hybrid measurement approaches, internal carbon price standardization, and articulation with ISO 14001 systems.
Keywords: green accounting, carbon footprint, environmental management, ecological costs, corporate sustainability.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de julio de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 15 de septiembre de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 27 de octubre de 2025
Finanzas empresariales en la educación superior y normativas legales de la gestión innovadora
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0359
This paper analyzes the incorporation of corporate financial systems in higher education institutions and the legal framework that regulates innovative financial management. First, it presents how the integration of financial platforms structured under international accounting principles allows for the optimization of budget planning, expenditure execution, and the assessment of university operational sustainability. It describes the components of financial systems, key performance indicators, and analytical tools that support institutional decision-making. It also highlights the advantages of technological interoperability, budget traceability, and the application of business intelligence to ensure effective resource management. Second, it provides a technical analysis of the regulatory environment governing financial management in public and private universities. It details the legal requirements related to planning, contracting, internal control, accountability, and transparency, and their relationship with administrative management systems. The article demonstrates that administrative efficiency in the university sector directly depends on the alignment of financial management tools, technological capabilities, and regulatory compliance. The research demonstrates how legality, auditing, and results-based planning constitute structural pillars for implementing innovative financial management models. Finally, it concludes that the success of university financial processes relies on the technical design of systems adapted to the current legal framework, ensuring operational stability, fiscal responsibility, and institutional sustainability in the medium and long term.
Keywords: Corporate Finance, Higher Education, Innovative Management.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0359
RESUMEN
El presente artículo analiza la incorporación de sistemas financieros empresariales en instituciones de educación superior y el marco jurídico que regula la gestión financiera innovadora. En primer lugar, se expone cómo la integración de plataformas financieras estructuradas bajo principios contables internacionales permite optimizar la planificación presupuestaria, la ejecución del gasto y la evaluación de la sostenibilidad operativa universitaria. Se describen los componentes de los sistemas financieros, los indicadores clave de rendimiento y las herramientas analíticas que soportan la toma de decisiones institucionales. Asimismo, se destacan las ventajas de la interoperabilidad tecnológica, la trazabilidad presupuestaria y la aplicación de inteligencia de negocios para garantizar una administración eficaz de los recursos. En segundo lugar, se aborda el análisis técnico del entorno normativo que regula la gestión financiera en universidades públicas y privadas. Se detallan las exigencias legales vinculadas a la planificación, contratación, control interno, rendición de cuentas y transparencia, y su relación con los sistemas de gestión administrativa. El artículo demuestra que la eficiencia administrativa en el sector universitario depende directamente de la alineación entre herramientas de gestión financiera, capacidades tecnológicas y cumplimiento normativo. La investigación evidencia cómo la legalidad, la auditoría y la planificación basada en resultados constituyen pilares estructurales para implementar modelos de gestión financiera innovadores. Finalmente, se concluye que el éxito de los procesos financieros universitarios se basa en un diseño técnico de sistemas adaptados al marco jurídico vigente, que permita garantizar estabilidad operativa, responsabilidad fiscal y sostenibilidad institucional en el mediano y largo plazo.
Palabras claves: Finanzas empresariales, Educación superior, Gestión innovadora.
ABSTRACT
This paper analyzes the incorporation of corporate financial systems in higher education institutions and the legal framework that regulates innovative financial management. First, it presents how the integration of financial platforms structured under international accounting principles allows for the optimization of budget planning, expenditure execution, and the assessment of university operational sustainability. It describes the components of financial systems, key performance indicators, and analytical tools that support institutional decision-making. It also highlights the advantages of technological interoperability, budget traceability, and the application of business intelligence to ensure effective resource management. Second, it provides a technical analysis of the regulatory environment governing financial management in public and private universities. It details the legal requirements related to planning, contracting, internal control, accountability, and transparency, and their relationship with administrative management systems. The article demonstrates that administrative efficiency in the university sector directly depends on the alignment of financial management tools, technological capabilities, and regulatory compliance. The research demonstrates how legality, auditing, and results-based planning constitute structural pillars for implementing innovative financial management models. Finally, it concludes that the success of university financial processes relies on the technical design of systems adapted to the current legal framework, ensuring operational stability, fiscal responsibility, and institutional sustainability in the medium and long term.
Keywords: Corporate Finance, Higher Education, Innovative Management.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de febrero de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de abril de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de mayo de 2025
Implicaciones éticas del uso de inteligencia artificial generativa en la formación universitaria, dilema entre la innovación tecnológica y la responsabilidad académica
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0361
This research addresses the ethical implications arising from the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in university education, focusing on the State University of Bolívar, within the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Natural Resources, and Environment. The sample consisted of 40 students and 5 faculty members from the Veterinary Medicine, Agronomy, and Agroindustry programs. Through semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and documentary analysis, an intensive and growing use of GAI by students for academic activities was evidenced, contrasted with a low level of knowledge and preparation among faculty to supervise and guide the ethical use of these technologies. Furthermore, the lack of specific institutional policies regulating the responsible use of GAI was identified, generating normative gaps that hinder ethical management in the academic field. The findings highlight the urgent need to implement comprehensive strategies that include ethical and technological training for the university community, as well as the development of clear regulatory frameworks to promote a critical and responsible use of generative artificial intelligence. This study contributes to understanding the challenges and opportunities represented by the incorporation of GAI in higher education, emphasizing the importance of ensuring academic integrity and strengthening critical competencies in an increasingly digitalized environment.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, higher education, ethical dilemmas, academic responsibility.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0361
RESUMEN
Esta investigación aborda las implicaciones éticas derivadas del uso de la inteligencia artificial generativa (IAG) en la formación universitaria, centrando el estudio en la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Recursos Naturales y del Ambiente. La muestra estuvo constituida por 40 estudiantes y 5 docentes de las carreras de Medicina Veterinaria, Agronomía y Agroindustria. A través de la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas, grupos focales y análisis documental, se evidenció un uso intensivo y creciente de la IAG por parte de los estudiantes para la realización de actividades académicas, contrastando con un bajo nivel de conocimiento y preparación de los docentes para supervisar y orientar el empleo ético de estas tecnologías. Asimismo, se identificó la carencia de políticas institucionales específicas que regulen el uso responsable de la IAG, generando vacíos normativos que dificultan la gestión ética en el ámbito académico. Los hallazgos resaltan la urgente necesidad de implementar estrategias integrales que incluyan la formación ética y tecnológica de la comunidad universitaria, así como el desarrollo de marcos regulatorios claros que promuevan un uso crítico y responsable de la inteligencia artificial generativa. Este estudio contribuye al entendimiento de los retos y oportunidades que representa la incorporación de la IAG en la educación superior, subrayando la importancia de garantizar la integridad académica y el fortalecimiento de competencias críticas en un entorno cada vez más digitalizado.
Palabras claves: Inteligencia artificial, educación superior, dilemas éticos, responsabilidad académica.
ABSTRACT
This research addresses the ethical implications arising from the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in university education, focusing on the State University of Bolívar, within the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Natural Resources, and Environment. The sample consisted of 40 students and 5 faculty members from the Veterinary Medicine, Agronomy, and Agroindustry programs. Through semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and documentary analysis, an intensive and growing use of GAI by students for academic activities was evidenced, contrasted with a low level of knowledge and preparation among faculty to supervise and guide the ethical use of these technologies. Furthermore, the lack of specific institutional policies regulating the responsible use of GAI was identified, generating normative gaps that hinder ethical management in the academic field. The findings highlight the urgent need to implement comprehensive strategies that include ethical and technological training for the university community, as well as the development of clear regulatory frameworks to promote a critical and responsible use of generative artificial intelligence. This study contributes to understanding the challenges and opportunities represented by the incorporation of GAI in higher education, emphasizing the importance of ensuring academic integrity and strengthening critical competencies in an increasingly digitalized environment.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, higher education, ethical dilemmas, academic responsibility.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
La acción extraordinaria de protección su variable e inestable proceder de admisibilidad, inadmisibilidad o rechazo por parte de la sala de admisión de la Corte Constitucional
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0367
Society in today's rights with the rank of constitutional are applicable, enforceable and justiciable directly, it is therefore of great importance to establish appropriate instruments to remedy, prevent and correct the violation of these inherent rights to all people, under of the study that has as one of the characteristics the reasoning and changes of perception in relation to the constitutional principles of legality and preclusion, which are undoubtedly related to legal security, in relation to the procedure used by the Constitutional Court in the face of different demands or requests that interpose the Jurisdictional guarantee of Extraordinary Protection Action, appeal filed and considered as exceptional and that addresses violations or violations of constitutional rights as well as due process, issued in judgments, orders or final decisions of last instance, therefore It’s important to know when is it going? What is its procedure? How is its admissibility, inadmissibility, or rejection carried out? The rules or jurisprudential precedents that allow to establish whether the procedure currently used and that is in force in the regulations jurisdictional does not leave defendant or plaintiff defenseless.
Keywords: Due Process, Extraordinary Protection Action, constitutional rights, principles of legality, preclusion, Constitution of the Republic.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0367
RESUMEN
En la sociedad actual los derechos con el rango de constitucionales son aplicables, exigibles y justiciables de forma directa, es por ello de gran importancia instaurar instrumentos apropiados que permitan remediar, prevenir y corregir la violación de estos derechos inherentes a todas las personas, en virtud del estudio que tiene como una de las características el razonamiento y cambios de percepción con relación a los principios constitucionales de legalidad y preclusión, que son los indudablemente relacionados con la seguridad jurídica, con relación al procedimiento que utiliza la Corte Constitucional ante las diferentes demandas o solicitudes que interponen la garantía Jurisdiccional de Acción Extraordinaria de Protección, recurso interpuesto y considerado como excepcional y que aborda a violaciones o vulneraciones de derechos constitucionales así como el debido proceso, emitidos en sentencias, autos o resoluciones ejecutoriadas de última instancia, por lo tanto es importante conocer ¿Cuándo procede?, ¿Cuál es su trámite?, ¿Cómo se realiza su admisibilidad, inadmisibilidad, o rechazo?, las reglas o precedentes jurisprudenciales que permiten establecer si el procedimiento empleado en la actualidad y que está vigente en la normativa jurisdiccional no deja en indefensión al recurrente o accionante.
Palabras claves: Debido Proceso, Acción Extraordinaria de Protección, derechos constitucionales, principios de legalidad, preclusión, Constitución de la República.
ABSTRACT
Society in today's rights with the rank of constitutional are applicable, enforceable and justiciable directly, it is therefore of great importance to establish appropriate instruments to remedy, prevent and correct the violation of these inherent rights to all people, under of the study that has as one of the characteristics the reasoning and changes of perception in relation to the constitutional principles of legality and preclusion, which are undoubtedly related to legal security, in relation to the procedure used by the Constitutional Court in the face of different demands or requests that interpose the Jurisdictional guarantee of Extraordinary Protection Action, appeal filed and considered as exceptional and that addresses violations or violations of constitutional rights as well as due process, issued in judgments, orders or final decisions of last instance, therefore It’s important to know when is it going? What is its procedure? How is its admissibility, inadmissibility, or rejection carried out? The rules or jurisprudential precedents that allow to establish whether the procedure currently used and that is in force in the regulations jurisdictional does not leave defendant or plaintiff defenseless.
Keywords: Due Process, Extraordinary Protection Action, constitutional rights, principles of legality, preclusion, Constitution of the Republic.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 23 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
Administración educativa y liderazgo para el desarrollo de proyectos públicos
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0370
ABSTRACT
This study explores the theoretical foundations of educational administration and its relationship with leadership approaches applied to the development of public projects within the educational sector. The analysis begins with the recognition that institutional transformations in public contexts require effective coordination between administrative management processes and leadership practices oriented toward organizational change. In this framework, key concepts are examined that define educational administration as a technical, organizational, and political process enabling the planning, implementation, and control of projects in complex institutional environments. In parallel, leadership approaches particularly transformational leadership are addressed as dimensions that influence institutional vision, organizational cohesion, and human resource mobilization. The study develops a critical and theoretical approach to understanding how these elements interact in the design and execution of public projects, where decisions must align with educational system regulations and social demands. The articulation between educational administration and leadership contributes not only to the achievement of institutional goals but also to the formation of new ways of understanding public management in educational settings. This reflection establishes a conceptual framework that allows for a deeper analysis of the structural conditions, organizational dynamics, and institutional capacities required for the successful implementation of public initiatives in the educational domain.
Keywords: educational administration, transformational leadership, public management, educational projects, institutional leadership.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0370
RESUMEN
El presente estudio examina los fundamentos teóricos de la administración educativa y su relación con los enfoques de liderazgo aplicados al desarrollo de proyectos públicos en el ámbito educativo. La investigación parte del reconocimiento de que las transformaciones institucionales en contextos públicos requieren de una articulación efectiva entre procesos de gestión administrativa y prácticas de liderazgo orientadas al cambio. Se analizan, en este marco, las nociones clave que estructuran la administración educativa como un proceso técnico, organizacional y político que permite la planificación, ejecución y control de proyectos en entornos complejos. En paralelo, se abordan los enfoques de liderazgo con especial énfasis en el liderazgo transformacional como dimensiones que inciden en la generación de visión institucional, cohesión organizacional y dinamización de recursos humanos. El estudio desarrolla una aproximación crítica y teórica sobre cómo estos elementos interactúan en el diseño e implementación de proyectos públicos, donde las decisiones deben ser congruentes con las normativas del sistema educativo y las demandas sociales. La articulación entre administración educativa y liderazgo no solo contribuye al cumplimiento de objetivos institucionales, sino que también configura nuevas formas de entender la gestión pública en escenarios educativos. A partir de esta reflexión, se establece un marco conceptual que permite analizar con mayor profundidad las condiciones estructurales, dinámicas organizativas y capacidades institucionales necesarias para el éxito de las iniciativas públicas en el sector educativo.
Palabras claves: administración educativa, liderazgo transformacional, gestión pública, proyectos educativos, dirección institucional.
ABSTRACT
This study explores the theoretical foundations of educational administration and its relationship with leadership approaches applied to the development of public projects within the educational sector. The analysis begins with the recognition that institutional transformations in public contexts require effective coordination between administrative management processes and leadership practices oriented toward organizational change. In this framework, key concepts are examined that define educational administration as a technical, organizational, and political process enabling the planning, implementation, and control of projects in complex institutional environments. In parallel, leadership approaches particularly transformational leadership are addressed as dimensions that influence institutional vision, organizational cohesion, and human resource mobilization. The study develops a critical and theoretical approach to understanding how these elements interact in the design and execution of public projects, where decisions must align with educational system regulations and social demands. The articulation between educational administration and leadership contributes not only to the achievement of institutional goals but also to the formation of new ways of understanding public management in educational settings. This reflection establishes a conceptual framework that allows for a deeper analysis of the structural conditions, organizational dynamics, and institutional capacities required for the successful implementation of public initiatives in the educational domain.
Keywords: educational administration, transformational leadership, public management, educational projects, institutional leadership.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 26 de marzo de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 09 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025
Fundamentos y Aplicaciones Empresariales de la Metodología de la Investigación Científica: Un Análisis Integral
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0374
ABSTRACT
Research methodology is a fundamental pillar in the generation of effective scientific knowledge in different contexts. This article presents a detailed analysis of the principles, types, stages, and business applications of research methodology in various areas of an organization, highlighting its relevance in ensuring the validity and reliability of findings for decision-making. Through a comprehensive literature review, experiences, and expert opinions, quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches, their instruments, designs, and analytical techniques are examined. The benefits, epistemological, and ethical challenges facing current research in the corporate context are also determined. This work aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers in training, as well as for professionals interested in strengthening their research skills for business application.
Keywords: Research Methodology, Research Design, Research Approach, Research Ethics, Business Application.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0374
RESUMEN
La metodología de la investigación constituye un pilar fundamental en la generación de conocimiento científico eficaz en diferentes contextos. Este artículo presenta un análisis detallado sobre los principios, tipos, etapas y aplicaciones empresariales de la metodología de investigación en diversas áreas de una organización, destacando su relevancia para garantizar la validez y confiabilidad de los hallazgos en la toma de decisiones. A través de una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva, experiencias y criterios de expertos, se examinan los enfoques cuantitativos, cualitativos y mixtos, sus instrumentos, diseños y técnicas de análisis. Asimismo, se determinan los beneficios, los retos epistemológicos y éticos que enfrenta la investigación actual ante el contexto corporativo. Este trabajo pretende servir como un referente integral para investigadores en formación, así como de profesionales interesados en fortalecer sus competencias investigativas de aplicación empresarial.
Palabras claves: Metodología de la investigación, Diseño de investigación, Enfoque en la Investigación, Ética en investigación. Aplicación Empresarial.
ABSTRACT
Research methodology is a fundamental pillar in the generation of effective scientific knowledge in different contexts. This article presents a detailed analysis of the principles, types, stages, and business applications of research methodology in various areas of an organization, highlighting its relevance in ensuring the validity and reliability of findings for decision-making. Through a comprehensive literature review, experiences, and expert opinions, quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches, their instruments, designs, and analytical techniques are examined. The benefits, epistemological, and ethical challenges facing current research in the corporate context are also determined. This work aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers in training, as well as for professionals interested in strengthening their research skills for business application.
Keywords: Research Methodology, Research Design, Research Approach, Research Ethics, Business Application.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 19 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025
Strategie didattiche per lo sviluppo del pensiero critico in un gruppo multiclasse della scuola primaria di primo e secondo ciclo
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0362
This study analyzes the need to strengthen critical thinking in elementary school students in multi-grade classrooms, given an educational reality marked by traditional methods, lack of resources, and methodological limitations. Using a mixed-method approach, the level of critical thinking was assessed in 28 students using a diagnostic test divided into comprehension, analysis, inference, and evaluation. Six teachers were interviewed to identify the pedagogical strategies employed. The results reveal significant weaknesses in all the dimensions assessed, especially in analysis and inference, highlighting the limited implementation of active methodologies. Teachers recognize the importance of critical thinking but face challenges such as limited training, student demotivation, and curricular rigidity. The study proposes teaching strategies adapted to the multi-grade context, which include analysis, debate, and evaluation activities, with the aim of promoting student autonomy, argumentation, and reflection. It is concluded that the development of critical thinking requires transformations in teaching practice, ongoing training, the design of differentiated materials, and active participation by the educational community to ensure meaningful teaching-learning processes that meet the demands of the 21st century.
Keywords: Critical thinking, teaching strategies, multigrade classroom, basic education, active methodologies.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i15.0362
RIASSUNTO
Il presente studio analizza la necessità di rafforzare il pensiero critico negli studenti della scuola primaria che frequentano classi multiclasse, in un contesto educativo segnato da metodi tradizionali, carenza di risorse e limitazioni metodologiche. Attraverso un approccio misto, è stato valutato il livello di pensiero critico di 28 studenti mediante una prova diagnostica suddivisa in comprensione, analisi, inferenza e valutazione, e sono stati intervistati sei docenti per identificare le strategie pedagogiche adottate. I risultati evidenziano significative debolezze in tutte le dimensioni valutate, in particolare nell’analisi e nell’inferenza, mettendo in luce la scarsa implementazione di metodologie attive. Gli insegnanti riconoscono l’importanza del pensiero critico, ma affrontano sfide come la scarsa formazione, la demotivazione degli studenti e la rigidità del curriculum. La ricerca propone strategie didattiche adattate al contesto multiclasse, che includono attività di analisi, dibattito e valutazione, con l’obiettivo di promuovere l’autonomia, l’argomentazione e la riflessione degli studenti. Si conclude che lo sviluppo del pensiero critico richiede trasformazioni nella pratica didattica, formazione continua, progettazione di materiali differenziati e una partecipazione attiva della comunità educativa per garantire processi di insegnamento-apprendimento significativi e coerenti con le esigenze del XXI secolo.
Parole chiave: Pensiero critico, strategie didattiche, classe multiclasse, scuola primaria, metodologie attive.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the need to strengthen critical thinking in elementary school students in multi-grade classrooms, given an educational reality marked by traditional methods, lack of resources, and methodological limitations. Using a mixed-method approach, the level of critical thinking was assessed in 28 students using a diagnostic test divided into comprehension, analysis, inference, and evaluation. Six teachers were interviewed to identify the pedagogical strategies employed. The results reveal significant weaknesses in all the dimensions assessed, especially in analysis and inference, highlighting the limited implementation of active methodologies. Teachers recognize the importance of critical thinking but face challenges such as limited training, student demotivation, and curricular rigidity. The study proposes teaching strategies adapted to the multi-grade context, which include analysis, debate, and evaluation activities, with the aim of promoting student autonomy, argumentation, and reflection. It is concluded that the development of critical thinking requires transformations in teaching practice, ongoing training, the design of differentiated materials, and active participation by the educational community to ensure meaningful teaching-learning processes that meet the demands of the 21st century.
Keywords: Critical thinking, teaching strategies, multigrade classroom, basic education, active methodologies.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de octubre de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de diciembre de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2025
Influencia de actos administrativos en obligaciones de naturaleza civil: uso de técnicas de metodología de investigación como análisis documental y estudios de casos específicos
Get PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0379
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Decisions made by public authorities can have a significant impact on civil society, as they generate legal obligations of this nature. Objective: To establish how administrative acts influence civil obligations. Methodology: An integrative systematic review and case study, the universe of which analyzed 100 articles in scientific databases based on descriptors and Boolean operators. As inclusion criteria, 30 articles from 2020-2025 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, published in indexed journals, will be accepted. The PRISMA method was used to search for publications that cover the variables of administrative acts and legal obligations. Results: Contracts entered into between an entity or person in civil society and the state, as well as acknowledgments of debts created or modified by public decision in an administrative act, do generate civil obligations, which must protect the civil rights of the population and guarantee legal certainty. Conclusions: The main characteristic of administrative acts is the creation, modification, and extinction of civil obligations, especially in matters of public procurement and the recognition of debts by the State.
Keywords: Administrative acts, civil obligations, research methodology, documentary analysis, case studies.DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v8i16.0379
RESUMEN
Introducción: Las decisiones de las autoridades de las entidades públicas pueden tener un impacto importante en la sociedad civil, debido a que, tienen la propiedad de generar obligaciones jurídicas de esta naturaleza. Objetivo: Establecer cómo los actos administrativos influyen en las obligaciones de naturaleza civil. Metodología: Revisión sistemática integrativa y estudio de casos, cuyo universo analizó 100 artículos en bases de datos científicas partiendo de descriptores y operadores booleanos. Como criterios de inclusión se aceptaron 30 artículos del 2020-2025 en idioma inglés, portugués y español, publicados en revistas indexadas, considerando el método PRISMA para la búsqueda de publicaciones que abarcan las variables de los actos administrativos y las obligaciones jurídicas. Resultados: los contratos celebrados entre un ente o persona de la sociedad civil con el estado, así como reconocimientos de deudas que sean creados o modificados mediante la decisión pública en un acto administrativo, sí generan obligaciones en materia civil, las cuales deben proteger los derechos civiles de la población y garantizar la seguridad jurídica. Conclusiones: los actos administrativos tienen como característica principal la creación modificación y extinción de obligaciones civiles, sobre todo, en materia de contratación pública y el reconocimiento de deudas por parte del Estado.
Palabras claves: Actos administrativos, obligaciones civiles, metodología de investigación, análisis documental, estudios de casos.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Decisions made by public authorities can have a significant impact on civil society, as they generate legal obligations of this nature. Objective: To establish how administrative acts influence civil obligations. Methodology: An integrative systematic review and case study, the universe of which analyzed 100 articles in scientific databases based on descriptors and Boolean operators. As inclusion criteria, 30 articles from 2020-2025 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, published in indexed journals, will be accepted. The PRISMA method was used to search for publications that cover the variables of administrative acts and legal obligations. Results: Contracts entered into between an entity or person in civil society and the state, as well as acknowledgments of debts created or modified by public decision in an administrative act, do generate civil obligations, which must protect the civil rights of the population and guarantee legal certainty. Conclusions: The main characteristic of administrative acts is the creation, modification, and extinction of civil obligations, especially in matters of public procurement and the recognition of debts by the State.
Keywords: Administrative acts, civil obligations, research methodology, documentary analysis, case studies.
Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2025.Fecha de aceptación: 28 de junio de 2025.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2025