International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
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Navigating ethics: social media challenges in Indonesian dental practice
Get PDFSocial media has evolved into an important tool for dental practitioners to promote their services and attract patients, necessitating a careful balance between effective promotion and upholding ethical standards to maintain patient trust. This research delves into the challenges and implications associated with using social media in dentistry, emphasizing the ethical considerations, legal frameworks, and the potential impact on public understanding of oral and dental health. By providing a comprehensive discussion on the importance of ethical promotion in the dental profession, the study not only highlights the need for dental practitioners to prioritize ethical standards in their social media activities but also offers effective strategies for attracting patients. These strategies include delivering relevant and informative content, engaging with followers, demonstrating professionalism and expertise, obtaining informed consent, and respecting patient privacy. The research underscores that navigating these complexities is essential for dental practitioners to promote their services ethically, contributing to the success and growth of their practice while safeguarding the integrity of health information and fostering positive relationships with the public
Self-management program impact on type 2 diabetes blood sugar control
Get PDFType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major global public health concern. This quasi-experimental study assessed the effectiveness of a self-management program in aiding diabetic patients in controlling their blood sugar levels. The program implemented the self-management framework proposed by Kanfer and Gaelick-Buys, supplemented by social support from healthcare volunteers via home visits. Patients were selected through simple random sampling and subsequently divided into two groups, each comprising 30 patients. The experimental group received a self-management program, with progress monitored over a 12-week period. The control group was administered standard care. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were employed to assess the data. The results indicated that the self-management behavior and blood sugar levels of both the experimental and control groups were similar before the experiment commenced. Significant differences were observed in self-management behavior and blood sugar levels between the experimental groups before and after the intervention, as indicated by a significance level of 0.05. However, this program has some limitations, including the fact that the evaluation did not include HbA1c levels, and the data was based on participants' self-reports, which may be subject to bias. The finding suggests that this self-management program can be implemented by healthcare professionals in the community to effectively manage blood sugar levels among type 2 diabetes patients to reduce the incidence of complications, with rigorous and continuous monitoring of behaviors required
Prevalence, patterns, and associated factors for substance use among university students in Maseru, Lesotho
Get PDFPsychoactive substance use among students has implications for early substance dependence. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, patterns, and reasons for substance use among university students in Maseru, Lesotho. There were 302 students who participated in this descriptive, cross-sectional survey. Descriptive statistics summarized the findings obtained from a self-administered online questionnaire. The prevalence rate for alcohol (44.4%), dagga (6%), and cigarette smoking (6%) was statistically significantly higher among males than females (p<0.05). Alcohol was consumed to feel good by 26.1% of the participants, 38.9% smoked cigarettes to handle stress, and 22.2% used dagga because it is easily available (22.2%). This study identified a unique pattern of substance use among university students, which is limited to alcohol, cigarettes, and dagga, with the exclusion of hard drugs. Effective and comprehensive health promotion programs should be implemented in Lesotho to prevent the introduction of hard-core psychoactive substances
Key influencers of puberty knowledge among Indonesian adolescents: the role of social networks
Get PDFAccurate reproductive health knowledge is essential for adolescents, yet many in Indonesia poorly informed, contributing to risky behaviors. While prior studies have focused on the effectiveness of reproductive health promotion media, limited research has explored the role of social networks in shaping adolescent reproductive health knowledge. This study aimed to investigate the key influencers within adolescents' social networks by analyzing the association between discussion partners on sexuality and knowledge of puberty-related traits. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey, with a sample of 23,361 unmarried adolescents. We assessed knowledge of puberty onset traits and discussion partners on sexuality issues as predictors. Multiple logistic regression, adjusted for age, gender, wealth index, and residence, was employed to calculate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Approximately half of the adolescents demonstrated a good knowledge of puberty-related traits. Engaging in discussions about sexuality with friends, mothers, relatives, teachers, and health professionals was positively associated with higher knowledge levels. Adolescents who engaged with these sources were more likely to have a better understanding of puberty-related traits. Utilizing key influencers within these networks can be crucial in promoting accurate reproductive health knowledge and reducing risky behaviors in this population
Maternal and child factors of stunted children: a case control study
Get PDFDue to the transition or weaning process and infant feeding patterns, infants under the age of five (IYCF) are susceptible to nutritional problems, especially with regard to food diversity, diet quality, availability, and accessibility. According to fundamental health research, the mother’s capacity to supply nourishment (sources from animal and vegetable protein) and the main meal as an energy source during the first two years of life is associated. Community based case-control study was conducted among children 6-24 month. The study participant used multistage random sampling procedure, with a sample size of 180 mothers who have stunted children. This study used a questionnaire as its data research instrument, which was examined for validity and reliability utilizing data analysis methods like linear regression and SPSS 16.0 statistical software. Factor associated the role of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status are age, educational level, occupation, motivation, mobility, decision making, knowledge, self-esteem, self-efficacy, family type, family role, stress of family, coping of family, family social support, weight of birth, responsive feeding. The all of factors can affected roles of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status with p-value <0.005. While the child’s age, birth length, breastfeeding, feeding children are not factors associated with the role of mothers in the feeding of stunted children to nutritional status
The association of sociodemographic and social capital with self-rated health: a microdata analysis of North Sumatera 2021
Get PDFCurrent research suggests a possible connection between social capital and its effect on self-reported health. However, this relationship has not been extensively studied in urban and rural regions of Indonesia. This research aimed to evaluate the differences in sociodemographic factors, social capital, and self-rated health between rural and urban populations and to identify sociodemographic and social capital elements related to self-rated health in the urban and rural areas of Sumatra Utara Province, Indonesia. This study makes use of secondary data from the Happiness Level Measurement Survey Report 2021. A two-stage, one-phase sampling method was employed for sample selection. The Chi-square test was utilized to examine the distribution of factors related to respondents in both urban and rural settings. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine associations with self-rated health. Our findings indicate that rural inhabitants exhibit a higher rate of poor self-rated health compared to their urban counterparts (p-value<0.001). Significant differences were observed between urban and rural areas in terms of sex, education, trust, social participation, and feelings of safety. The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that being younger, having higher education, possessing greater trust, and engaging in high social participation was associated with a lower risk of poor self-rated health for both urban and rural residents. Consequently, trust and social participation could reduce the occurrence of poor self-rated health
Green synthesis of Ca(OH)2 nanoparticles from chicken eggshell waste as antibacterial agent
Get PDFChicken eggshell waste, though abundant in CaCO3 that can be converted into various products like calcium hydroxide nanoparticles (NPs), has received limited attention. This study aimed to synthesize calcium hydroxide NPs from eggshell waste and evaluate their antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The researchers employed a top-down approach with thermal decomposition to produce environmental-friendly calcium hydroxide NPs, and conducted in vitro tests to assess their antibacterial activity, with and without exposure to sunlight. The minimum inhibitory concentration and disc diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial effects. X-Ray diffraction analysis confirmed the synthesis of calcium hydroxide NPs. Further, a paired T-test showed that the calcium hydroxide NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both bacterial through photocatalytic mechanisms, in comparison to their performance without such techniques. The utilization of green synthesis techniques to produce materials with potential antimicrobial applications presents significant developmental opportunities for the future
The influence of social media on Greek mothers’ attitudes and knowledge on breastfeeding
Get PDFRecently, maternal breastfeeding in Greece has shown a positive trend. However, breastfeeding rates in Greece still lag behind those of other European countries. The participants of this quantitative study were recruited via social media and by personal connections. Data were gathered through questionnaire and analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics with SPSS 20. The study investigates: i) Trust levels among Greek mothers in social groups and their awareness of breastfeeding issues. ii) The impact of active participation in Greek parenting and breastfeeding support groups on Facebook on choosing and sustaining exclusive breastfeeding. iii) Whether engagement in social media groups positively influences the duration of exclusive breastfeeding and extends the overall breastfeeding period for infants. Out of the 776 participants, 727 were part of social media parenting groups. About 27.9% credited these groups for influencing their decision to breastfeed. Moreover, they perceived significant assistance from social media in staying well-informed about breastfeeding. The data collected confirms social media parenting groups positively influence breastfeeding mothers, enhancing knowledge, self-confidence, and deterring negative attitudes. This factor increases the likelihood of sustaining exclusive breastfeeding up to the recommended six months
Implications of breast cancer healthcare policies and practices on palliative care utilization in Albania over the last decade
Get PDFPalliative care improves the quality of life for patients with severe diseases like breast cancer. The objective of this study was to describe the variation of age of breast cancer patients (484 in total) who accessed palliative care in Albania in the last 10 years (2014 to 2023). Information on patient age, breast cancer incidence, hospitalization and mortality rates, and breast cancer screening was collected. Descriptive statistics and t-test for unpaired samples to compare the means of age in the study period were used. The average age of patients gradually increased from 2014 to 2019, showing fluctuations due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed an increasing trend in 2023. Breast cancer incidence remained stable at approximately 37 cases per 100,000 annually, with significant increases in hospitalization and screening rates over the study period. In conclusion, the gradual increase in the age of breast cancer patients seeking palliative care in Tirana, Albania during the past decade, coupled with slight decrease of mortality rates, stable incidence and increase of hospitalization might be indicators of success of related health policies in Albania, including better diagnostic and treatment strategies, improved treatment efficacy and disease management, ultimately increasing the resilience and adaptability of the healthcare system
The role of family-centered care in enhancing stroke rehabilitation outcomes: an integrative literature review
Get PDFFamily-centered care (FCC), which emphasizes the involvement of family members as active participants in the care process, represents a significant paradigm within the realm of stroke rehabilitation. This study aimed to locate and synthesize the most recent evidence concerning the advantages, methodologies, and obstacles associated with the integration of FCC in stroke rehabilitation. The approach taken involves conducting an integrative literature review following the guidelines set forth by Whittemore and Knafl. A thorough exploration of four databases including PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO, was carried out, focusing on both quantitative and qualitative studies published between January 2012 and December 2022. Inclusion criteria comprised studies involving adult stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation, detailing family-centered interventions, and presenting outcomes for either the patients or their families. Upon the screening process, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Various strategies have been identified to effectively involve families in the rehabilitation process, such as educational initiatives, collaborative planning for home-based care, and provision of support for caregivers. However, the implementation of FCC faces challenges stemming from factors at the system level, provider level, and patient/family level, in conclusion, the integration of FCC in stroke rehabilitation yields substantial benefits for both patients and caregivers. It is imperative for nurses to engage families as collaborative partners, tailor interventions according to specific requirements, offer assistance to caregivers, and instigate changes at the systemic level