RIUVic
Not a member yet
6506 research outputs found
Sort by
Improving medication adherence and effective prescribing through a patient‑centered prescription model in patients with multimorbidity
No full textPurpose This study aimed to assess the impact of the patient-centered prescription (PCP) model in medication adherence
and effective prescribing in patients with multimorbidity.
Methods Uncontrolled before–after study in an intermediate care facility in a mixed urban–rural district. Inpatients
aged ≥ 65 years with multimorbidity exposed to polypharmacy before hospital admission were consecutively enrolled. Every
patient’s treatment plan was analyzed through the PCP model, which includes interventions aimed at improving medication
adherence. The primary endpoint was the change in the proportion of adherent patients between pre-admission and
after discharge for all regularly scheduled long-term medications, using the proportion of days covered (PDC). Secondary
endpoints included the change on mean PDC for all long-term medications, number of long-term medications, proportion
of patients with hyperpolypharmacy, medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) score, drug burden index (DBI) score,
number of potential inappropriate prescribing (PIP), and proportion of patients with ≥ 2 PIPs.
Results Ninety-three non-institutionalized patients were included (mean age 83.0 ± SD 6.1 years). The proportion of adherent
patients increased from 22.1 to 51.9% (P < 0.001). Intervention also improved mean PDC [mean difference (95% CI)
10.6 (7.7, 13.5)] and effective prescribing through a reduction on the number of long-term medications [− 1.3 (− 1.7, − 0.9)],
proportion of patients exposed to hyperpolypharmacy (− 16.1%, P < 0.001), MRCI score [− 2.2 (− 3.4, − 1.0)], DBI score
[− 0.16 (− 1.8, − 1.3)], number of PIPs [− 1.6 (− 1.8, − 1.3)], and proportion of patients with ≥ 2 PIPs (− 53.7%, P < 0.001).
Conclusion Studied intervention provides significant effective prescribing and medication adherence enhancements in noninstitutionalized
older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy
IMU-Based Effects Assessment of the Use of Foot Orthoses in the Stance Phase during Running and Asymmetry between Extremities
No full textThe objectives of this study were to determine the amplitude of movement differences and asymmetries between feet during the stance phase and to evaluate the effects of foot orthoses (FOs) on foot kinematics in the stance phase during running. In total, 40 males were recruited (age: 43.0 ± 13.8 years, weight: 72.0 ± 5.5 kg, height: 175.5 ± 7.0 cm). Participants ran on a running treadmill at 2.5 m/s using their own footwear, with and without the FOs. Two inertial sensors fixed on the instep of each of the participant’s footwear were used. Amplitude of movement along each axis, contact time and number of steps were considered in the analysis. The results indicate that the movement in the sagittal plane is symmetric, but that it is not in the frontal and transverse planes. The right foot displayed more degrees of movement amplitude than the left foot although these differences are only significant in the abduction case. When FOs are used, a decrease in amplitude of movement in the three axes is observed, except for the dorsi-plantar flexion in the left foot and both feet combined. The contact time and the total step time show a significant increase when FOs are used, but the number of steps is not altered, suggesting that FOs do not interfere in running technique. The reduction in the amplitude of movement would indicate that FOs could be used as a preventive tool. The FOs do not influence the asymmetry of the amplitude of movement observed between feet, and this risk factor is maintained. IMU devices are useful tools to detect risk factors related to running injuries. With its use, even more personalized FOs could be manufactured
Efecte dels pantalons compressius sobre l’amplitud articular i el rendiment en el salt vertical
No full textObjectiu
Aquest estudi va pretendre determinar si la compressió provoca canvis mecànics en el moviment i si es produeixen increments en el rendiment esportiu.
Material i mètodes
Van participar en l’estudi 8 subjectes de sexe masculí ([mitjana ± DS] edat: 25,6 ± 10,3anys, talla: 177,9 ± 2,9 cm; pes: 71,9 ± 7,4 kg). Es va avaluar l’amplitud articular passiva, mitjançant tres proves: Thomas, Ridge i flexió de maluc amb cama estirada, i l’amplitud articular activa durant el salt vertical. Els valors del ROM van ser determinats utilitzant un sistema de videografia 2D. L’alçada del salt i la força màxima realitzada durant la impulsió es van fer servir per comparar el rendiment. Cada una de les proves es va realitzar utilitzant uns pantalons de compressió (teixit indesmallable per urdimble, 57% Poliamida i 43% Elastomer), unes malles de licra convencionals i roba interior com a cas control, mitjançant un mètode aleatori balancejat.
Resultats
No es van observar diferències significatives entre les tres condicions per als dos paràmetres de rendiment. En canvi, es va observar que la compressió limita significativament l’amplitud articular del maluc, disminuint l’extensió i la flexió màxima durant la valoració passiva i la flexió màxima durant la valoració activa.
Conclusions
Els pantalons compressius actuen en la mateixa línia que els embenats funcionals, no variant el rendiment de l’activitat esportiva, però restringint la mobilitat en les articulacions afectades per la compressió. Aquesta limitació pot tenir efectes profilàctics, prevenint lesions quan s’excedeix sobtadament del límit articular individual.Objective
The purpose of this study was to asses whether compression affects movement mechanics and increases sport performance.
Material and methods
Eight subjects participated in the study ([mean ± SD] age: 25.6 ± 10.3 years, height: 177.9 ± 2.9 cm, weight: 71.9 ± 7.4 kg). Passive range of movement was evaluated by means of Thomas, Ridge and hip flexion with straight leg tests. The active range of movement was assessed during vertical jump. Values were determined using 2D analysis. Jump height and peak force applied during impulse phase were used for performance comparison. Tests were performed in three different conditions, using compression shorts (warp knitted fabric 57% Polyamide and 43% Elastan), standard lycra shorts and underwear as a control using a balanced, randomised design.
Results
There were no significant differences between the three conditions in the performance parameters, whereas compression significantly limited the hip range of motion (ROM) during either passive or active evaluations.
Conclusions
Compression garments act as functional bandages, allowing normal functional movement but restricting ROM. These limitations could have prophylactic effects, preventing injuries when suddenly exceeding the limit of individual joints
Vertical jump assessment on volleyball: A follow-up of three seasons of a high-level volleyball team
No full textBorràs, X, Balius, X, Drobnic, F, and Galilea, P. Vertical jump assessment on volleyball: A follow-up of three seasons of a high-level volleyball team. J Strength Cond Res 25(6): 1686-1694, 2011—This is a longitudinal descriptive study whose purpose is to assess the physical state of male volleyball players competing at the international level, comparing their jump heights during 3 different seasons. National team sample relies upon trainer decisions, and it was different every season. There were 23, 15, and 13 players in the first, second, and third years, respectively. Subjects underwent a vertical test protocol consisting of rocket jump, squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), CMJ with arms (CMJa), and spike jump (DJb) at the preparation period of the national team season. In 2007, an extra evaluation was performed during the competitive period. A contact mat was used for the assessment. An increase of jump height was observed over the years, with SJ and DJb increasing significantly (FSJ = 5.4; FDJb = 4.7; p < 0.05). The elasticity index decreased significantly between 2007 and 2008 (FEI = 8.5; p < 0.05), whereas arm utilization index and approach index increased, but this increase was not statistically significant. A significant increase in SJ and DJb was also observed between the 2 tests performed in 2007, whereas a nonsignificant increase was observed for CMJ and CMJa. The results indicate a better performance of explosive strength, elastic-explosive strength, and reflex-elastic-explosive strength and a better use of arms during jumps
Less partisan and less aggressive? The impact of Covid-19 on the media discourse of “El Clásico” on Spanish radio
No full textThe football rivalry between Real Madrid CF and FC Barcelona is one of the most popular at club level globally. In Spain, where it is known as El Clásico (the Classic), it has an unrivalled status in the sports media industry. Its significance relies in part to the historical tension between Catalonia, the region of which Barcelona is the main centre, and Madrid, the capital of Spain. The exaltation of confrontation and partisanship is the central feature of highly popular radio programmes devoted to El Clásico. This study aimed to observe how the media discourse articulated by these programmes was affected by the fact that, during the Covid-19 pandemic, matches were played in empty venues. Through the comparisons of broadcasts of two games, one from 2017 and from 2020, the paper shows that the sensationalistic style is toned down, and a less polarised and partisan sports journalism is possible
Retos para el profesorado en formación ante la enseñanza de la gramática en primer ciclo de primaria desde el modelo EGRAMINT
No full textEn este capítulo se presentan y analizan las representaciones de tres estudiantes de Ma-
| gisterio sobre la implementación de secuencias didácticas del modelo EGRAMINT (SDGE),
como dispositivos diseñados para la enseñanza de la gramática desde un enfoque reflexivo
e interlingúístico, realizadas en cursos de 1.0 y 2.0 de Educación Primaria. Se analizan las
transcripciones de tres entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas tras sendas implementaciones.
| El análisis se establece en cuatro categorías: diseño e implementación de la SDGE; uso de metalenguaje;
presencia de reflexión metalingúística e interlingúística; y la SDGE como dispositivo
para enseñar gramática. Los resultados permiten situar el reto que supone para la formación
inicial docente capacitar al futuro profesorado para actuar en función de los principios didácticos
de la gramática pedagógica en los primeros cursos de la escolarización obligatoria
La mejora de la autonomía y la autorregulación en educación primaria mediante el aprendizaje cooperativo
No full textCurs 2023-2024El objetivo principal es mejorar las capacidades de autonomía y autorregulación en un
grupo de 5º curso de Educación Primaria. Para ello, se defiende la idea teórica de que
el AC, en el marco de la inclusión, a través de los diferentes ámbitos, estructuras y
herramientas cooperativas fomentan el logro de dichas habilidades. En esta línea de
investigación, la metodología empleada es la investigación-acción participativa. Los
principales instrumentos de datos utilizados para el desarrollo de esta son: Grupos de
Discusión -inicial y final-, Cuestionario docente -inicial y final-, grabaciones de audio,
Diario de campo y observaciones participantes y Cuaderno de Equipo. Algunas de las
conclusiones más relevantes obtenidas de los resultados permiten aclarar que el
alumnado mejora tanto en autonomía, como en autorregulación y cohesión social
gracias al trabajo sistemático del Cuaderno de Equipo, la interacción y acompañamiento
docente-discente y la construcción de la regulación socialmente compartida en relación
a la interacción entre iguales. Lo que implica un fomento y logro de habilidades
sociocomunicativas y, con ello aprendizajes competenciales.
Palabras clave: autonomía, autorregulación, Aprendizaje Cooperativo,
inclusión, aprendizaje competencial.The general purpose of this research is to enhance the autonomy and self-regulation
capabilities in 5th grade of Primary Education group. To this end, the theoretical idea is
defended that Cooperative Learning, within the framework of inclusion, through different
domains, structures and cooperative tools structures promotes the achievement of these
skills. The methodology employed is participatory action investigation. Different data
instruments used for this development are: Discussion Groups, Teaching Questionnaire,
audio recordings, Field diary and participant observations and Team Notebook. Some of
the most relevant conclusions drawn from the results indicate that students improve in
both autonomy, self-regulation as well as social cohesion thanks to the systematic use
of the Tam Notebook, the interaction and support between teachers and students, and
the construction of socially shared regulation in relation to peer interaction. This implies
the promotion and achievement of socio-communicative skills and, consequently,
competency learning.
Keywords: autonomy, self-regulation, Cooperative Learning, inclusion,
competency learning.Directora: Maria Teresa Segués Morra
Sentido de pertenencia de los alumnos con síndrome de Down en la etapa de secundaria
No full textCurs 2023-2024De acuerdo con el Informe de Seguimiento a la Investigación sobre España (CRPD/C/ESP/FUIR/1) emitido por el Comité sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad, en 2024, se alerta de nuevo sobre la situación de vulnerabilidad en la que se encuentran los alumnos con discapacidad intelectual y como este hecho contradice la normativa vigente. En este contexto se ha realizado este trabajo, con la intención de recopilar las opiniones de estudiantes con síndrome de Down y de sus familias, en relación con sus experiencias en la escuela ordinaria, en concreto en la etapa educativa de secundaria.
Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio dividido en dos fases, una primera fase (Fase 1) en la que se recoge la perspectiva del alumnado a través de un análisis cuantitativo basado en la respuesta de un cuestionario, y una segunda fase (Fase 2) centrada en las opiniones de las familias mediante un estudio cualitativo que se realiza a través de grupos de discusión.
En la primera fase del estudio participaron 21 estudiantes con síndrome de Down de distintas partes de España, que estaban cursando o habían cursado recientemente la etapa de secundaria. En la segunda fase participaron 8 familias.
Los resultados evidenciaron bajas expectativas por parte del profesorado en la capacidad de aprendizaje de los alumnos con síndrome de Down y falta de concienciación y sensibilización en los centros educativos sobre la implicación real del derecho a la educación inclusiva.
Palabras clave: educación inclusiva, apoyos, presencia, participación, aprendizaje, sentido de pertenencia.According to the Follow-up Report on the Investigation on Spain (CRPD/C/ESP/FUIR/1) issued by the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, in 2024, alerts again about the vulnerable situation in which students with intellectual disabilities find themselves and how this fact contradicts current regulations. For this reason, this study has been carried out, with the aim to explore the opinions and concerns experienced by students with Down syndrome and their families, related to their situation in ordinary school, in the secondary educational stage.
A two phases study was conducted. In the first phase (Phase 1) is collected the students' perspective through a quantitative analysis based on a questionnaire, and the second phase (Phase 2) is focused on the families’ opinion through a qualitative study based on discussion groups.
In the first phase of the study participated 21 students with Down syndrome from different parts of Spain, who were studying or had recently completed secondary school. In the second phase, 8 families participated.
The results showed low expectations on behalf of teachers in the learning capacity of students with Down syndrome and a lack of awareness and sensitization in educational centers about the implication of the right to inclusive education.
Keywords: inclusive education, supports, presence, participation, learning, sense of belonging.Directora: Cecilia Simón Rued
