Review of Education, Administration and Law (REAL) (E-Journal)
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Analyzing Teachers’ Strategies for Motivating Students in Classroom at Primary Level: Students’ Perspectives
Get PDFThe study was designed to analyze the teachers’ strategies for motivating students in classroom. The objectives of the study were; to find out the techniques of motivation for students learning achievement; to explore the students’ views about motivation; to evaluate the students’ views regarding teachers’ teaching style; to find out gender wise significance difference. The study was design for Bahawal Nagar district, so Bahawal Nagar were the population of the study. Stratified sampling technique was used to select sample. One hundred and thirty two (132) students were selected from selected schools in which 66 schools were male and 66 female. Self-constructed instrument on 4 point Likert scale was used to collect data. The major findings of the study were teachers motivate the students at primary level by adopting different techniques and strategies. The teachers’ behaviour, personality, teaching methodology and school environment are also factors affecting the students’ learning process. Immediate appreciation, rewards, punishment, reinforcement and encouragement play a vital role for motivating the students. It was also found that female teachers were used more motivational strategies to motivate the students in classroom as compared to male teachers
Moderating Effect of Marital Status among Mindfulness, Procrastination and Job Performance of Employees
Get PDFSelf-determination theory and job resource demand model is widely applied framework to understand mindfulness, procrastination and job performance of employees in organizational settings. The endeavor of the current research is to understand the moderating role of marital status among mindfulness, procrastination and job performance. Performance is behavior and is closely related to productivity in an organization. Although, job performance have several determinants where cognitive or mental ability is one of the determinants of job performance (Schmitt & Hunter, 2004). Purposive sampling technique was applied based on cross sectional approach. Mindfulness attention awareness scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) Tuckman’s procrastination scale (TPS; Tuckman, 1991) and job performance scale (JPS; Wright, Kacmar, Mcmahan & Deleeuw, 1995) were used on the sample of 400 employees working in telecom organizations. The correlation as well as moderation analysis were carried out to investigate the study data. Findings demonstrate the relationship of mindfulness, procrastination and job performance whereas marital status is performing moderating role among study variables. The results support the self-determination theory and job resource demand model
What Limits the Access of Education for Out of School Children? Implications for Teacher Education
Get PDFInvestigation of reasons for being out of school and how to overcome the number of out of school children by identifying some implications for teacher education is the focus of this study. Thematic analysis was used to explore these reasons by using semi structured interviews of 216 children. Views from social media (Face book) were also collected to get the clear picture of out of school children’s problems. The analysis was conducted with the help of N Vivo 11 plus software. Data highlighted many reasons of being out of school using codes, themes and subthemes. These reasons were unfriendly schools, poverty, illiteracy, gender, disability, and jobless fathers’, fear of sexual harassment, domestic conflicts, high inflation rate and family size. As some of the reasons such as gender bias, unfriendly schools, disability have direct implications for teacher education. Efforts, therefore, were made to identify the required changes in the teacher education. A strategic plan to overcome these barriers was defined at the end for teacher education programs
Female Deconstruction and Discursivity in Hamid’s Exit West: A Case Study
Get PDFWith the emergence of post-structuralism during third and fourth waves of feminism, the women empowerment and gendered based, discursively de/constructed ideologies have deictically gained significance. The present study analyzes the deconstruction of female representations in Hamid’s ‘Exit West’, a postmodernism novel. The research employs Baxter’s (2003) Feminist Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis (FPDA) to analyze the extracts related to Nadia’s character in the selected novel. The findings of the study suggest that language is a site of manifesting construction and deconstruction because language not merely constitutes reality but is also constituted by the socio-political and historical influences. Moreover, in the very novel, Nadia’s character is an embodiment of female empowerment as the language used or associated with her character, clearly depicts an aspect of deconstruction on the part of female representations in this postmodern world of multiple realities/identities
Environmental Quality, Income Inequality and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Five SAARC Countries
Get PDFThe inverted-U trajectory between economic growth and environmental quality indicators has been hypothesized by the researchers which were later named as Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). The current research looks into the link between environmental quality and economic growth by incorporating income inequality as an additional channel by using data from 1991 to 2016 for panel of five SAARC countries. The study has employed fixed effect model for analysis and found that EKC has been verified for entire panel and income inequality affects environmental quality positively. The correlation between FDI andCO2 emission is positive and significant for the entire panel but the effect is very small. The education and carbon dioxide emission are negatively correlated and coefficient of education is 0.003 and statistically significant showing that increase in education level leads to reductions in CO2 emission.Population density impacts CO2 emission positively and significantly. This positive relationship implies that increase in population increases CO2 emission for the entire panel. Furthermore, the results indicate that mean emission of carbon dioxide in Pakistan is 0.01 which poses significant danger for Pakistan. The mean CO2 emission in India is 0.53 which is significant showing that mean emission in India is rising and relatively higher than Pakistan. Mean emission of CO2 is -0.10, -0.04 and -0.21 for Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bangladesh respectively which implies that mean emission in these countries is reducing
Efficacy of Explicit Instruction of Discourse Connectives for Verbal Communication
Get PDFDiscourse connectives are fundamental components of verbal communication due to their significant role in the creation of coherence, expression of emotive and mental states, and in the navigation of turn-taking (Villegas, 2019). This research study was conducted to explore the effect of explicit instruction of discourse connectives on the communication skills of English language learners. The sample of 40 students was taken and divided into two groups i.e. control and experimental group. Pretest and posttest were conducted to evaluate the proficiency level of students. IELTS interactive test was employed as an instrument to analyze the scores of pretest and posttest. The experimental group was taught with the help of an explicit method of instruction for thirty days whereas no explicit instruction of discourse markers was received by the control group. The findings of the research revealed that the explicit instruction of teaching was considered more effective for teaching discourse markers as compared with the traditional mode of teaching. The findings of the present study call for the reinforcement of discourse connectives employing explicit teaching strategies for improving the verbal communication of ESL learners
Thematic Study of Siraiki Naat
Get PDFWith the advent of Islam, Naat recitation was started. Siraiki Naat recitation also has a thousand years of history. Love to rasool (PBUH), event miraj, Sarapa nigari, the birth of Prophet (PBUH), miracles, morality, Mercy for the whole universe, and Ghazwat is prominent in major naat subjects, The siraiki poet begins his poetry with the divine and naat-e-Rasool (PBUH) and in his own style and his own words, He seeks to describe the Holly prophet (PBUH) and considers it an essential part of his faith. The majority of Siraiki poetry consists of the praise of the Holy Prophet and this series will continue till the Day of Judgment. The thematic study of siraiki naat is presented in the research paper under discussion
An Analysis of Pedagogical Beliefs of Teachers at College Level and its Relationship to their Actual Classroom Practices
Get PDFTeaching beliefs are the essence of teacher’s academic activity. They contain a set of assumptions or suggestions about the teaching profession, teachers, students, and more the process of teaching and learning. They influence their planning, decision making, work ethic, student relationships, evaluation method, material and material selection and among other things, classroom practices. This investigation is aimed to analyze pedagogical beliefs and its relationship to actual classroom practices of teachers at college level. As this study also reveals the differences among pedagogical beliefs and classroom practices based on teachers’ gender and most importantly explores relationship among them at college level. The investigator adopted quantitative approach and conducted a survey study. Participants were randomly selected teachers and students from government degree colleges of Lahore who provided their responses about pedagogical beliefs and classroom practices through self-developed questionnaires. The outcomes shown that educators’ pedagogical beliefs as well as classroom acts at college level are not significantly correlated to each other
Comparative Analysis of Pak-Indo Press Role toward Annexation of Special Status of Kashmir: From War to Peace Perspective
Get PDFIndo-Pak Conflict on the territory of Kashmir started with Pakistan’s released in August 1947. At that time all the states were given the choice of choosing India or Pakistan. The then princely states rulers had to make their option. There have been some preliminaries, they said when selecting both states; one is the geographical proximity and the one was for the public ambition. In October 1947, given the fact that Kashmir was predominantly Muslim state that opted for the state of Pakistan, while the Kashmir’s Maharaja chose India in support. This choice was perceived by the Pakistani government as fraudulent, unfair and entirely unrecognized judgement. Furthermore, the religious orientation of more Kashmiri inhabitants can be seen as another factor in this conflict (Qumber, Ishaque and Shah 2017). This study aims to explore framing from war to peace-journalism after the Indian attempt of August 5, 2019, to annex the special status of Kashmir, in two English elite newspapers i.e. Daily Dawn, a Pakistani newspaper and the other is Hindustan Times an Indian Newspaper. The study explores news stories on front page along with editorials of these newspapers to understand how these newspapers covered and framed the issue
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Pakistan
Get PDFThis study attempts to analyze the impact of foreign direct investment on the small and medium scale enterprises in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from period of 1982 to 2019. ADF unit root test, ARDL model and granger causality test are used to analyze the data. The outcomes of long-run ARDL model exhibits that foreign direct investment, gross savings, exports of goods and services positively enhance the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Pakistan. In Granger causality analysis, it is found that there is a unidirectional causality between SME growth rate and foreign direct investment. The unidirectional causality is also observed between gross savings and SME growth rate. It is therefore suggested that an appropriate environment to the foreign investors may be provided to bring foreign direct investment inflows in a country. Government of Pakistan may improve the infrastructure in a country to increase FDI inflows