Review of Education, Administration and Law (REAL) (E-Journal)
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The Effect of Google Search Volume Index on the Stock Market Excess Returns. Evidence from Listed firms in Pakistan stock Exchange
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to examine whether google search volume index (GSVI) as a tool of investor’s attentions can be of great used to forecast stock returns. In this paper we answer the question whether “price pressure hypothesis “would hold true for Pakistan stock markets. The nature of current study is quantitative in nature and research design is used to test the hypothesis developed to examine google search volume index and stocks return behavior. We used balanced panel data for the period from 2003 to 2019 for companies listed in Pakistan stock exchange. In this paper, we use regression technique for econometrics estimation. The results showed that high and a positive return is associated with high google search volume. To be more accurate, we can say that a google search volume index is an important and useful predictor for both the directions and magnitude of excess returns. We suggest that, this study will be helpful for the information of profitable trading strategies. With this study, we complement all previous work done in developed countries on the correlation between stock trading behavior and search intensity by using more robust statistical techniques and large sample size
A Shift from Physical to Virtual Class Environment Due to COVID Epidemic: Secondary School Students’ Experiences
Get PDFDuring COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, other countries as well as Govt. of Pakistan adopted online learning in order to keep continuing teaching-learning process without any gape. As a result, world saw a paradigm shift from physical classrooms to virtual/online class environment. The basic purpose of this study was to explore secondary school students’ personal experiences of virtual/online learning. For this, total 409 students from different government and private secondary schools participated in this study. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect the required data. It was found that maximum students possesses their own smart phones and were taking online classes through these phones; male students and students from secondary private schools were positively more inclined towards online learning. Online learning was interesting technique for them which enabled them to learn new IT skills and saves them from corona virus disease. Lack of training and/or no experience of online; poor internet connections; understanding mathematics/physics problems online and expensive for some of the sampled students’ parents to arrange laptop/desktop/smart phones for them for their online classes were the major problems in attending online classes
Psycho-Social and Economic Problems Faced by Parent’s of Children with Epilepsy
Get PDFParents of epilepsy children face various issues that are neglected by the society. On a regular basis an epilepsy child needs care so parents take away their time for other commitments, leisure and personal care. Unfortunately this issue has drawn very little attention, so the present study is to examine the problems faced by parents of children with epilepsy. The study was conducted at The Neurology Department of The Children’s Hospital & the Institute of Child Health Multan, Pakistan from 1st March 2018 to 30th August 2018. A structured interview schedule was administered to parents of 100 children aged between 01-12 years and having epilepsy disease for more than 6 month period. Of the 100 respondents majority of the respondents were male 71(71.0%) while 29(29%) of the respondents were female. About 50(50%) of respondents were aged between 25-35 years. About 37(37.0%) respondents’ family monthly income was 15000-25000/- PKR. High levels of depression (42%), and anger (31%) were found among parents. A majority (77%) of parents admitted that their social life was disturbed due to child’s epilepsy. Their psychological condition was also disturbed due to child’s epilepsy. Economically they faced multiple problems like the cost of drugs (96%) doctor fees (83%) and hospitalization charges (22%). The study concluded that parents’ daily life and social activities significantly were exaggerated; they had been experiencing depression, frustration, guilt, helplessness and had decreased visiting their friends and relatives, and watched less TV and fewer videos. Results indicated that parents of children with epilepsy had faced many hitches. Appropriate interventions are required to sustenance these parents so that they might advance their economic and societal conditions
Analysis of the Learners’ Problems of Previous Primers Being Used in Different Literacy Centers
Get PDFThe former primers being employed in various literacy centers were evaluated on the basis of contents and literacy objectives. Current study being descriptive in nature comprised self-developed questionnaire. The responses obtained from the questionnaire were fed in Microsoft excel programmes. Questionnaire using five-point Likert scale, having close ended responses were developed by researcher through consulting related researches, by making basis the literature review. After determining validity and reliability of research tool, the researcher personally visited and administered questionnaire from the selected respondents. To analyze the data, the statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) was utilized by using formulas. The results that were attained were stated in the form of tables and figures. The conclusions and interpretations drawn from these results were also stated. Major findings of the study were the students' responses and teachers feel that the existing primer is pleasing
Evaluation of Knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes among University Students in Punjab, Pakistan
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to evaluate the level of knowledge of university students about risk factors, signs and symptoms, and impact of diabetes in Punjab, Pakistan. A cross-sectional study design was used for this study. Population of the study was students who were enrolled in public and private universities in Punjab. A multistage sampling method was used for this study. Total 1260 students were selected randomly among which 1087 respondents completed the self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test were used through Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. The results of the study showed that 544 (50%) respondents were females, most respondents 617 (56.7%) were between 20-23 years old, 589 (54.2%) respondents were studying at undergraduate level, 435 (40%) respondents had poor economic status, 1006 (92.5%) respondents were single, 813 (4.8%) respondents never got their sugar level checked, and 696 (64%) respondents had family history of diabetes. Findings of the study also indicated that most of the respondents 77.9% had inadequate knowledge about risk factors of type 2 diabetes, 73.4% respondents had inadequate knowledge of signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes, and 72.2% respondents had inadequate knowledge of impact of diabetes. Chi-square test showed that level of knowledge of diabetes was associated with gender (p < .001), education (p < .001), marital status (p < .001), ever checking of sugar (p < .001), and family history of diabetes (p < .001). The study concluded that majority of the respondents had inadequate knowledge of diabetes. Therefore, there is a need of educational programs and awareness sessions for university students. It will be helpful in enhancing students’ knowledge and reducing the prevalence of diabetes in the future of Pakistan
Students’ Cognitive Test Anxiety and Secondary School Examination Performance: Moderating Effect of Gender and School Sector
Get PDFDespite a bulk of research in international context investigating the relationship of cognitive test anxiety with students’ academic performance, little work has yet been done in this area on samples of students in Pakistan. This correlational design study was, therefore, conducted to examine the relationship between secondary school students’ cognitive test anxiety and their examination performance in educational context of Pakistan and to ascertain how the direction and/or strength of this relationship may be moderated by students’ gender and their school sector. Data were collected on students’ cognitive test anxiety, total obtained marks in SSC examination and obtained marks in English along with students’ gender and school sector from 1712 mixed ability students enrolled in year 11 in 91 public and private institutions. Both the descriptive and inferential statistical techniques (i.e., Mean, SD and Independent samples t-test) along with Pearson’s R correlations and hierarchical multiple regression were performed to analyze the data. Results depicted that female sample students reported higher level of cognitive test anxiety in comparison to their male counterparts. Results also suggested a small but significant negative effect of cognitive test anxiety on students’ examination performance and that student cognitive test anxiety component accounted for 10% of variance in their examination performance. Results further revealed that the magnitude of relationship between students’ cognitive test anxiety and examination total point scores do not change much for the moderating variables and these variables accounted only for 3% of variance. The magnitude of moderating effect, however, found to be somewhat stronger in the school sector in comparison to students’ gender
Nature of Academic Programs, Epistemological Beliefs and Their Impact on Pakistani University Students’ Academic Performance
Get PDFThe students’ academic behaviours and academic performance differ with their epistemological beliefs. Different social-cultural and educational contexts inculcate differences in students’ epistemological beliefs. However, the impact of the nature of the academic programs on students’ epistemological beliefs is most obvious. The students of different disciplines can have different epistemological beliefs. These different epistemological beliefs differ in their impact on students’ academic performance and academic behaviour. Hence, the current study evaluated the interrelationships of various educational programs and epistemological beliefs and their importance in students’ academic performance. The volunteer university students provided data about their academic programs, epistemological beliefs, and academic performance. Researchers used the Generalized Structured Component Analysis approach to calculate the suitability of specified measurement and structural models. The impact of subjects of the soft field of study such as Behavioural Sciences, English Literature was negative on naive epistemological beliefs in knowledge structure and omniscient authority compared to subjects of the hard field of studies such as Mathematical, Physical Sciences, and Biological Sciences. The Business Sciences from the soft applied field of study had the least noticeable negative impact on naive epistemological beliefs compared to other subjects of pure soft and pure hard field of studies. Only, the belief in quick learning had a significant negative impact on students’ academic performance
Relationship between Stress and Educational Performance of University Students: A Correlational Research Study
Get PDFAlmost every student experiences stress during his or her academic career. Academic stress has several health-related implications and has an impact on study and learning ability. The present study aimed to analyze the association between stress and educational performance of university students. Psychological, bodily, and behavioral difficulties are common because of such stress. Correlation research design was applied to achieve the objectives of this stud. Total 296 students were selected randomly from three departments (Education, Chemistry and English) of the Islamia University Bahawalpur. For the accomplishment of current study’s objectives, data was collected via using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics Pearson correlation test was applied to gain the results. The current study examined that majority of students are facing stress. The results also explore that physical and psychological stress have negative effects on academic achievement of students. It has been found that student’s mental health has an impact on their academic performance. Therefore, it is recommended that the university should organize the programs which can help to detect and reduce the effect of stress among students
The Effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on the Financial Performance of Micro Finance Banks
Get PDFThe basic purpose of this study to examine effect of mergers & acquisitions on the financial performance of Pakistan's micro finance banks. Financial institutions must change their business strategies as a result of rapid technological advancements because they play such an important part in any country's economy. Several national and international studies on mergers and acquisition banking have been conducted to investigate the various elements. In this study, 13 financial ratios were calculated, which shows that there is no significant effect of mergers & acquisitions on the financial performance of microfinance banks in Pakistan. There are indicators that measured through financial ratios and the comparison is made using a paired T-test. Three years of data, two years before and one year after mergers & acquisitions, are taken as a sample. Out of 13 ratios, 11 ratios are examined: Investment to Total Assets (ITA), Deposit to Total Assets (DTA), Return on Assets (ROA), Earnings per Share (EPS), and Net Profit Margin (NPM)
Examining the Impact of Summer Vacations on ESL Learners’ Retention in Reading Comprehension
Get PDFVacations affect students’ level of retention and their academic performance since students unwillingly bother to actively remain in touch with academic activities during vacations. This study aims to examine the impact of summer vacations on ESL learners’ retention in reading comprehension. Specifically, it investigated whether summer vacations affect ESL learners’ retention level in reading comprehension. A sample of 240 ESL learners of secondary schools from Southern Punjab, Pakistan was selected through convenient sampling method. Both males and females were addressed in the study. A comprehension test was designed in line with the revised Barrett’s taxonomy of reading comprehension based on the contents of the English textbook taught to secondary school grade X students. SPSS version 22 was employed to analyze the quantitative data. The analysis indicates that there was an impact of summer vacations on learners’ retention in reading comprehension. It also reveals that the learners acquired better scores in pre-test that was conducted before starting summer vacations as compared to the scores of post-test, which was given after summer vacations. A two-sample t-test reveals a significance difference between the performance of urban and rural learners and the learners studying in public and private schools as well. A significant gender difference was also found between the scores of pre-test and post-test. Based on the findings of the study, some implications and recommendations were furnished for ESL learners to improve their academic performance in reading comprehension by utilizing summer vacations effectively