Review of Education, Administration and Law (REAL) (E-Journal)
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Concord between Palestinian Resistance and Literature: A Historico-Literary Analysis of Darwish’s Works
Get PDFThis research explores the last seventy years of the Palestinian Arabs’ political struggle for their recognition as a sovereign nation-state as reflected in the poetic and prose works of Palestinian national poet, Mahmoud Darwish (1941-2008). Given the relationship between life and literature, the Palestinian situation can be best revealed through their own cultural productions, especially literature. Darwish has utilized his sense of exile and cultural memory to realize the ideals of Palestinian home and its requisite identity. His writings constitute an integral part of Palestinian resistance literature. His works are reflective of a deep aesthetic sense coupled with a profound political understanding of the ground facts within and outside Palestine. He contests the legitimacy of a sustained foreign occupation and at the same time stresses the need of preserving national cultural heritage. He stresses the need of both intellectual and political resistance to the gradual encroachment caused by the colonial settlement regime. The present research has sought to figure out the dimensions of Darwish’s poetic and intellectual contribution to the volatile geopolitical issue of the resistance to a hegemonic control
Exploring the Portrayal of Female Voice in ‘Heer Ranjha’: A Gender-Based Study
Get PDFThe present study aims at explicating the theme of love in the folk tale Heer Ranjha through the discourse stylistics perspective. To do this, Fairclough (2015) model is employed with a focus on lexical choices. The metaphors used in the dialogues portraying the theme of love have been carefully selected, and further the linguistic pattern employed has been significantly discussed to highlight the embedded theme of love as a dominant human emotion in folk tales. The study also aims at providing a richer, more complex and enlightened canvas of feminist theory highlighting the role of women and power relations between the two sexes. The data comprises on twenty passages from the translation of ‘Heer Ranjha’ by Usborne (1973) where the translator claims to have translated the epilogue at full length while the rest of the poem has been condensed without omitting anything significantly important to the theme. The study throws light on the language of the folk tale, which reflects socio-cultural features such as the patriarchic family structure of the time through the language choices. The flute, a bamboo musical instrument, is a metaphor of love in a dream-like romantic sound. Finally, this paper helps to develop a better understanding of folktales in a particular socio-cultural background
Assessing the Critical Thinking Skills of Students at Higher Secondary Level
Get PDFThe ultimate aim of education is to develop human beings in such a way that they can act beneficial for themselves as well as for the society and can think well and think critically. Development of critical thinking skills is the fundamental aim of education. The present study intended to assess the critical thinking skills among students at higher secondary level in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The study is quantitative in nature. Population of the study comprises students enrolled in higher secondary level in Punjab. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample. A self-developed multiple choice item test was used to assess the critical thinking skills among students. Expert opinion was taken to validate the test and reliability coefficient was 0.86. It was found that majority of students did not perform satisfactory on the critical thinking skill test and scored low on all dimensions of critical thinking skills. The study concluded that curriculum and teaching methodologies along with assessment practices are not worth inculcating critical thinking skills among students. The study recommended that curriculum at higher secondary level might be redesigned and development of critical thinking skill through teaching methodologies might take into consideration by the institutes
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Domestic Violence on the Maternal-Child Relationship & Intellectual Process of Pre-School Age Children’s
Get PDFThe study investigated the unswerving besides the incidental effect of domestic violence on a child’s Logical Operations. This study took 100 participants also children, whose age is between 3 or 5-year-old in which (44 Boys and 56 Girls) conscripted from the overall society. Domestic violence is used as a dependent variable and negatively related to the home environment and Trauma & Mental Depression. Children who witness domestic violence have poorer verbal ability whereas controlling the SES and child abuse have significantly affected visual-spatial abilities. The two scores WPPSI-R and PPVT-R score are used for MANCOVA results for primary data for witness and non-witness of domestic violence. In the end, internal vehemence circuitously precious the mutual type of rational skills over the impression on parental downheartedness besides the intellectual superiority of the household atmosphere
Performativity analysis in Hyder’s the Sound of Falling Leaves
Get PDFThe present study delves into the concept of gender by applying the theory of performativity on Qurratulain Hyder’s story ‘The Sound of Falling leaves’. Awareness of the distinction between sex and gender started with the first wave of feminism. Many renowned critics like Virginia Woolf, Simone de Beauvoir, Kate Millet, and Judith Butler have explained this distinction. Writers portray society in text and many writers have tried their hands to depict the role, values, and status of women in a male-dominated patriarchal society. There are many reforms regarding the protection of women and to make women gender better, but we still find a lot of lacks. Gender is defined by society. One is born with sex and becomes a man or woman as he or she starts to identify with society. Gender is constructed on the base of performance of speech and actions which are repeated again and again until it becomes part of our consciousness (Butler, 1990). We have not found any research on this story regarding the application of the theory of performativity. So, this research is designed to examine to what extent the theory of performativity is true by discussing the portrayal of women in this story. This research also analyzes to what extent there is change in a Subcontinent society regarding therole and status of female. Discussion and analysis of text supports the theory of performativity. Instead of many reforms for women rights still woman of subcontinent like ‘Tanvir Fatima’ are suffering. She becomes victim of conservative society who is not ready to accept modern girls. She is beaten terribly by Khushwaqt and has no say. Her dreams are shattered by both cruel men and women. Further, this study also provides suggestions about how we can improve gender roles and provide healthy atmosphere for both men and women who can play the leading roles for the betterment of the world
Relationship Between Motivation-enhancing HR Practices and Customer Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence
Get PDFThis study describes and expounds link between motivation-enhancing HR practices (M-HRM) and customer satisfaction (CS). Motivation-enhancing HR practices include compensation & incentive (CI) and performance management (PM).The mediation of emotional intelligence (EI) is verified between the M-HRM and CS. The research was directed on 126 bank branches operational in Punjab (Pakistan) with 467 banking employees and 934 customers. The process of statistical analysis was performed by Structural equation modeling (SEM). A substantial relationship amongst all the variables of study (i.e. M-HRM, EI and CS) was established. It was clinched resultantly, that M-HRM exert impact on CS, through EI in direct as well as indirect ways
A Qur’anic Approach to Family Institution: A Textual Study
Get PDFContemporary state and society is evolved shape of family unit. All societies deeply respected this fundamental brick in the course of human civilization. Particularly, Muslim society has completely different ideology and structure regarding family. After individual, this divinely inspired institution has a prominent place in Muslim society. Quranic Studies being basic source of Islamic injunctions granted detailed regulations of this unit. It stated minutely rights and duties of family members to achieve its preliminary communal objective. All human civilizations recognized the marriage as established form of human relationship based on human instincts. Islam denied so-called heaven and unbroken status of marriage but introduced a mediated application of law. It is hour to study Islamic ideal concept of marriage and divorce especially in qur’anic debate. The study in hand will explore the status of family institution in Muslim society. It will highlighted the eligibility of marriage, maintenance, gender equality and dower matters. This paper will provide some suggestions for further modifications in matrimonial laws of Pakistan. It will pave the way to better understand the legal aspect of family in Quranic verses
A Comparative Translation Study of the Poem “Ik Nuqtay Wich Gal Mukdi Aey” by Bulleh Shah, Translated by Kartar Singh Duggal and Suman Kashyap
Get PDFThe present research study is based on comparative analysis of two different translations done by two different writers of the same poem of Bulleh Shah, a renowned Sufi poet. Researcher selected the model of Eugene Nida’s principle of equivalent effect as the framework of this research article. Equivalent effect and feel is the vital element of the theory of translation presented by Eugene A Nida(1964). Nida (1964) claims that the analysis of the surface structure of the source text (ST) makes it easy to transfer the source language content and form into target language. Ju Miao (2000) mentions in his research article that before the publication of “toward a science of translating (1964) translation usually focused on literal translation or free translation. Researcher selected the translation of a poem which is written by Bulleh Shah and translated by two different writers one by Kartar Singh Duggal and other translation by Suman Kashyap. Researcher made a comparative analysis by using the Eugene Nida’s approach of translation theory which is based on principle of equivalent effect. The purpose of the study is to analyze that either these translations convey the content, form and feel of the original text or not in the perspective of Nida’s approach of translation. Findings are taken after making the comparison by keeping the principle of equivalent effect in mind. This research article will be helpful to understand the original effect and sense which is used by Bulleh Shah and will help to find out how much close these translations are with source text
Projection of Women Education and Empowerment Status in Pakistan: A Direct Observation Analysis of Pakistani Dramas
Get PDFThe sustainable development goal of gender balanced economic progress and women empowerment as a whole is not possible without the women participation in Science, Technology and Production. To prepare the mind-set of the masses particularly the youth, electronic media plays a pivotal role as a medium of informal education along with entertainment and cultural depiction of a particular society. It shows the status of various population groups of a society at a particular time especially women. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of NPDEW, 2002 on women status in television dramas. Thus, the main research question was to investigate that how far media is projecting its role in educating the individuals about the importance of shrinking the gender gap and developing the networks of skill development to increase the number of women employment and entrepreneurship. This study was qualitative in nature and direct observation analysis was used. Major derived themes from data were women status shown by Pakistani drama channels, portrayal of women status by dramas after promulgation of NPDEW, 2002 and dramas as a mean of information, education and communication. It was concluded that media remained unsuccessful in projecting expected women status in Pakistan as per NPDEW and still unable to educate the masses about the women issues
Analysis of Conflict Resolution Strategies of Head Teachers: Teachers’ Perspective
Get PDFConflict managing has become a center of gravity of human activities in these days. Head teachers should be well aware how to resolve conflict among staff members. So, the study was designed to analyze how head teachers can resolve conflict among staff members and was there any significance difference between male and female head teachers’ conflict resolving strategies. Survey method was used to investigate conflict resolving strategies of the head teachers. Bahawalpur was the population of the study. Convenient sampling technique was used to select sample. Self-constructed instrument was applied to collect data. Questionnaire was consist of five types of parameters i-e integrating conflict, obliging conflict, dominating conflict, avoidance conflict and compromising conflict. The major finding of the study was that majority of the head teachers exercise integrating conflict resolution strategies to resolve conflict. Major part of the head teachers adopted obliging conflict resolution strategies to resolve the conflict. Mainstream of head teachers used dominating conflict resolving strategies to resolve conflict. Majority of the head teachers exercise dominating conflict resolving strategies. Greater part of the respondents agreed that head teachers adopted compromising conflict resolving strategies to resolve conflict among staff members. Gender wise comparison indicates that there was a significance difference between male and female head teachers to use the conflict resolution strategies at secondary level