Review of Education, Administration and Law (REAL) (E-Journal)
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Ajoka Theatre as an Icon of Liberal Humanist Values
Get PDFThere are multiple ways of transferring human values, cultures and history from one generation to another. Literature, Art, Paintings and Theatrical performances are the real reflection of any civilization. In the history of subcontinent, theatres played a vital role in promoting the Pakistani and Indian history; Mughal culture and traditions. Pakistani theatre, “Ajoka” played significant role to propagate positive, humanitarian and liberal humanist values. This research aims to investigate the transformation in the history of Pakistani theatre specifically the “Ajoka” theatre that was established under the government of military dictatorship in Pakistan in the late nineteenth century. It was not a compromising time for the celebration of liberal humanist values in Pakistan as the country was under the rules of military dictatorship. The present study is intended to explore the dissemination of liberal humanist values in the plays and performances of “Ajoka” theatre. The research is meant to highlight the struggle of “Ajoka” theatre for enhancing the message of love, tolerance, peace and other humanist values in such crucial time
An Efficiency Analysis of Conventional and Islamic Banking in Pakistan
Get PDFThe current estimation is involved to regulate the efficiency analysis between Islamic banking and conventional banking by reference to GDP growth, total reserve as dependent variables, and total assets, total deposits, total investment, and total liabilities as autonomous variables. Time series data is collected from 1990 to 2019, Islamic banking has increased facts and lending in Pakistan. Most people believe in Islamic banking philosophy as it is Islamic shariah based with full reserves, total assets, total deposits, total investment, and total liabilities, Considered the descriptive variables independent variable in which the coefficient of the total assets, the total deposit had a highly significant impact on GDP growth rate. Pakistan had a dynamic role regarding the banking sector when assets of the banking sector increases and GDP Growth also increased in Pakistan. Autoregressive lagged estimation model and economic effectiveness on the supply side and Islamic banking relationship in Pakistan, GDP growth is positive and significant
An Investigation of Pakistani University Students’ Socioeconomic Classes, Gender and Dimensions in Epistemological Beliefs: Dependencies and Interlinks probed by Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Get PDFEpistemological beliefs impact all aspects of students’ academic and learning behaviours. The different dimensions of epistemological beliefs comprise structure, source, certainty, ability to learns and speed to learn. The students’ naive and inadequate epistemological beliefs can have negative impacts on their regulation of learning, self-efficacy, interest in study, academic performance and persistence in studies. Likewise, the socioeconomic background can explain various differences in students’ beliefs. Epistemological beliefs have social and cultural underpinnings as well. For these reasons, the researchers examined the impact of university students’ socioeconomic classes on their epistemological beliefs. In survey research design, the data were collected from university students in an online survey. The structural equation modeling approach was chosen to detect significant regression paths in the model. The lower and upper lower socioeconomic classes were found to have significant impact on students’ epistemological beliefs. The variable gender did not appear to make significant contribution to students’ epistemological beliefs. The naive beliefs can severely impact university students’ academic behaviour, therefore epistemological beliefs of students from lower and upper lower socioeconomic backgrounds should be challenged and improved
Role of Educational attainment in Married Women’s Entry into and Escape from Labor Force in Pakistan
Get PDFThe current analysis aims to establish a disaggregated impact of various stages of education on married women’s labor supply, for which responses on various socio-economic determinants of labor supply have been recorded from 834 females from District Sahiwal. Binomial Logistic Regression analysis concluded that education is generally the most significant factor of female labor supply. A higher likelihood has been observed between educated females and a lower probability for non-educated ones to fall into the active labor force. However, a higher level of assets ensures a lower probability of falling into the workforce, furthermore, age, marital status, presence of children, and family setup corroborate female labor supply with a positive impact. Efforts need to be made to transform a woman’s role from an “income shielding” to an “income-generating” role by providing education. Female economic contribution and empowerment are influential tools to uplift the living standard of the household level
Socio-Religious and Legal Perspectives on Women Health in Pakistan
Get PDFThis paper focuses on the sexual health of women and their counteractive action practices against cancer. Steady with acknowledged definitions, inside the extent of this exploration, women's sexual well-being envelops regenerative wellbeing and fruitfulness and the physical, mental, enthusiastic what's more, cultural and social betterment identified with sexuality during a life of an individual. Albeit sexual wellbeing is a phenomenon which is extremely personal to an individual, it is basically impacted by different factors including the personality of an individual, kind of family to which individuals belong, group of friends and peers in which individuals live, and the state laws to which individuals are subjected. These factors are beyond individuals’ control. Other than physical, mental and subjective markers, sexual wellbeing is influenced by political and monetary variables, standards, parts, social qualities, and religious convictions. This article, reflecting on the sexual health of women, presents information generally from creating nations. Also, it provides a circumstantial examination of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and an understanding of contraceptives’ uses in Pakistan. Further, this paper reflects upon on socio-religious context of Pakistan that affects data on sexual wellbeing. This paper's important contribution is to provide a survey of the integrative model of conduct expectation (Fishbein, 2000) and provide socio-religious and legal perspectives on women sexual health
Comparative study of 21st Century Skills of Science Teachers and Students of Formal and Non-Formal Educational Institutes
Get PDFIt is very essential for teachers to practice 21st century teaching and learning skills while teaching in order to foster these skills in 21st century learners. The focus of this study was to explore the skills of science teachers regarding 21st century skills. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted to assess the 21st century skills of science teachers. The survey questionnaire was comprised of different subscales regarding 21st century skills namely as critical thinking, collaboration, communication and creativity. The questionnaire consisted of 5-point Likert scale. The overall results of the study reflected that science students possess more 21st century skills than their teachers. It was recommended for science teachers of formal educational setup to practice 21st century teaching and learning skills more often as possible to inculcate 21st century skills among the students. It is also recommended that teachers of formal educational setup must enhance critical thinking and increase collaboration with students. This study is significant in the way that it reveals the current scenario of the skills of the teachers that will readily be imparted to the 21st century learners
Teachers Perception Regarding Case Study Method as a Pedagogy in Business Schools
Get PDFDegree awarding institutes aims to cater needs of industry by providing skilled and trained manpower. For this sake, universities tend to design their curriculum. A case study method provides a tool to strengthen the learning of students while maintaining their natural environment. This study instigated perceptions of university teachers regarding case study methods being used and skills generated through the usage of this method at universities. Primary data was collected regarding various skills which are induced by using the case study methods among students for the improvement of business education. Four provinces of the country viz. Punjab, Sindh, KPK, and Baluchistan were approached for data collection from faculty members of both public and private sector universities (Business Schools). A representative sample of 16 universities offering business education (8 public and 8 private sector) was selected. In this connection, 8 universities from Punjab province including 4 in the public and 4 in the private sector whereas 4 universities from Sindh (2 public sector universities and 2 private sector universities), 2 universities from KPK and Baluchistan each (1 public sector university and 1 private sector university) were approached. Fifteen respondents/teachers from each institute were approached for data collection, thus forming a sample size of 240. Initially, teachers were consulted through focus group discussions to dig out the reason for using case study methods in business education. Based on their perception and relevant literature a set of forty questions was devised to identify the basic reasons/benefits of using case study methods by teachers in business education. After applying Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) a set of seven basic attributes was identified. Based on these characteristics revised questionnaires were floated among the survey participants at a large scale. From the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), seven basic factors/reasons have been identified. In Pakistan universities, teachers consider these skills while imparting their teaching expertise to students of business education. According to the perspective of university teachers' most important skill is problem-solving skills generated through the case study method. A similar pattern has been observed for public and private sector university teachers which implies that there is consensus among the teachers at all levels that the case study method generates problem-solving skills among students more importantly
Class Conflict in Siraiki Waseeb Before Islam
Get PDFThe history of class conflict in Siraiki Waseeb is as old as the Indus Valley Civilization. The history of Indus Valley is interpreted as a conflict of invading nations. The Siraiki Waseeb can be called the center of the valley. The class system of the Siraiki Waseeb is influenced by the arrival of various nations. The ancient Australoid tribes, the Dravidians and the Aryans had a profound effect on the civilization here. This division is wrapped not only in economic but also in the social cloak of religion. Along with the division of rich and poor, the system of division between pure and impure, masters and slaves, feudal, landlord and ‘kammi’ has sustained itself parallel to the caste system. The roots of the class system are still embedded in the Waseeb. These class factors have been analyzed in the article under discussion
Control of Carbon Emissions by Promoting Economic Growth and Renewable Energy in Newly Emerging Economic Block
Get PDFThis research examines the effects of economic growth and energy consumption in the new developing economic block of Silk Road on carbon emissions (SERB). The energy consumption is further synthesized into renewable and non-renewable energy sources to distinguish their role in carbon emissions. This study considered panel data (1995-2014) of twenty-four middle-income countries along the Belt and Road initiative for empirical analysis. The fixed effect, random effect, and GMM methods were performed to confirm the cointegration relationship. Results highlighted the role of economic growth, renewable energy, and nonerasable energy on carbon emissions in the short and long run. Thus, it can be concluded that the newly emerging block resulting from Belt and Road initiative could get the maximum economic benefits of this project by using renewable energy sources. The new renewable energy projects may help increase clean energy and reduce carbon emissions in the emerging economic block due to the Belt and Road initiative
Comparing the Meaning Potential in Shakespeare and Manto through Speech Acts: A Discourse Pragmatic Study
Get PDFThis paper attempts to explain the application of speech act theory (John Searle, 1976) on the soliloquies expressed by Hamlet and Keshulal Singh. The descriptive focus of this study is to draw attention to the felicity conditions whether they are being fulfilled by the speakers while making an utterance or not. Content analysis based on speech act theory is used for this paper. It has been pointed out that declaratives are less while directives are more applicable on these soliloquies, with the help of analysis. Hamlet and Keshulal’s inner self is being depicted through their speeches and it is analyzed that they are so much upset and are in the situation of to be or not to be that they do not know what should be their strategies, in taking their revenge. In actuality, they are trying to extinguish the storm which is bursting inside them through their soliloquies but by comparing the inner devastation of both characters. It is highlighted that Hamlet’s soliloquies are more self-explanatory than that of Keshulal because Hamlet makes vows, questions, deplores, and challenges the circumstances more than the Keshulal