Review of Education, Administration and Law (REAL) (E-Journal)
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Impact of Urbanization on Socioeconomic Conditions of Rural Areas of Faisalabad City
Get PDFThis research study aims at finding out the impact of urbanization on the socio- economic condition of the people residing in the fringes of Faisalabad city. Urbanization is a dynamic process involving multiple factors. This phenomenon is attracting the attention of all the stack holders not only in the developed countries but also in the developing countries. The most prominent outcome of this urbanization process is the emergence of slums. Urbanization casts deep impact on the socio-economic conditions of the dwellers of the neighbouring and bordering settlements. All the major cities of the country, Pakistan, are witnessing the same. Faisalabad is the 3rd largest city of Pakistan with a huge population residing in the adjacent localities of the city, Faisalabad. This study is based on the satellite imageries of Faisalabad for the last 24 years (1998-2022) acquired from USGS and processed and techniques used to find out the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC). The spatio-temporal variations of the urbanization process of Faisalabad were detected with the help of LULC by analysing and interpreting built up areas, open spaces, agricultural lands and water bodies. Furthermore, a baseline survey was conducted in the urban vicinities and adjoining rural areas through questionnaires and interviews. The study shows both, positive and negative, impact on the socio-economic condition of the people of the adjacent areas of the city. This study reveals that urbanization casts negative impact in health and housing structure and positive impact on education and economic conditions. This study will be of great importance for planners to for see the impact of urbanization on adjacent rural areas and to handle the upcoming adverse situation
Construction and Validation of the Teachers' Motivation Questionnaire (TMQ): A Detailed Exploration
Get PDFThe teachers' motivation is crucial to the institutional value and accomplishment of goals; it greatly influences the success of institutions, particularly in educational institutions. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess teachers' motivation and named it as Teachers' Motivation Questionnaire (TMQ). The questionnaire contained two motivation dimensions provided by Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory of Motivation (i.e., Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation). The preliminary draft of the questionnaire was created after a focus group discussion on the forty-four (44) item, five (5) point Likert Scale. After ensuring content and face validity by having the items reviewed by experts and removing any items with CVR scores of less than 0.42, the questionnaire's items were whittled down to just thirty (30). Two hundred twenty-six teachers working for the school education department participated in a pilot study of the revised questionnaire. The data were processed using PLS Smart version 4, which determined the questionnaire's validity, reliability, and model fit. After removing the unsuitable items, the questionnaire was reduced to eighteen (18) items. The AVE values for extrinsic motivation items were 0.575 > 0.5, while for intrinsic motivation items were 0.633> 0.5. The Fornell-Lacker criterion value (0.828) was greater than the correlations with other latent components, 0.778 and 0.828, respectively. The Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT) was 0.895 0.9, which is considered good. Cronbach alpha values for extrinsic motivation were 0.917 > 0.7, while for intrinsic motivation were 0.916 > 0.7. Similarly, the composite reliability (CR) values for extrinsic motivation were 0.931 > 0.7 and 0.932 > 0.7, respectively. So, the Teachers' Motivation Questionnaire (TMQ) was internally consistent, valid, and reliable. The overall study's findings approved using TMQ to investigate teachers' motivation
Tourism Development in BRICS: Unraveling the Role of Foreign Direct Investment & Trade
Get PDFThis article presents the findings of a study that utilized a panel ARDL (autoregressive distributive lag) model to scrutinize the association of foreign direct investment (FDI), trade, human capital, government expenditures, with tourism in the BRICS nations. The research analyzed data spanning the period from 1995 to 2020 and unveiled crucial insights into the dynamics influencing tourism development in these countries. The results revealed that FDI, trade, and human capital demonstrated positive associations with the tourism sector, in the short and long time period. These factors played a significant role in boosting tourism activities within the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, China, India & South Africa) nations. However, an inverse correlation was observed between government expenditures and tourism during the same time frame, suggesting the need for careful allocation and optimization of public funds to enhance the sector's growth and performance. This study sheds light on the complex interplay between various determinants of tourism development in BRICS countries, providing valuable implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders
Factors Affecting the Office of Justice of Peace in Punjab, Pakistan: A Critical Study
Get PDFJustice of the peace is a public officer introduced by British colonists during their expedition to colonize, in various regions. This research carried out a study about the inevitable role of justice of the peace and the challenges faced by public while attaining the benefits of the law duly prescribed in Pakistan. A mixed research approach was deployed having questionnaires, observations and interviews. These tools were applied on a number of institutions like aggrieved person, police personnel, advocates, public prosecutors and justices of the peace. Some questionnaires were also prepared separately for all the above mentioned entities and some observations also made to put the truthfulness of those answers in check. Interviews were also conducted in the same vein which helped in drawing a clearer diagram in this regard. According to the obtained analysis, 95% of the people believe in the fact that police system needs a serious overhaul. On the contrary, 90% to 95% police officials themselves consider the role of justice of the peace a burden on them. 90% of advocates feel the power of justice of the peace as justifiable. 82% justices of the peace were found satisfied with their system. However, 90% to 95% Justices of the Peace shows their desire of feeling the need to improve the system. A shocking 97% of people were actually found aggrieved. On the analysis structured and unstructured interviews, 94.5% people were found as actual victims
An assessment on the Impact of Financial Products and Services Accessibility on SME Growth and Development in Zimbabwe
Get PDFThis study investigates how the access to financial products and services affect growth and development of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Zimbabwe. The study uses a mixed-methods approach that combines primary data collected from self-administered questionnaires targeted at SMEs owner-manager by incorporating secondary sources from monetary policy statement, World Bank financial statistics, and scholarly literature. The objective of this all-inclusive data collection approach is to present, an overall picture of the financial infrastructure for SMEs in Zimbabwe which is focused on both access to Finance and the impact of financial services on SME growth. The survey instruments were, therefore, developed to provide more nuanced feedback on the twin issues, inquiring both qualitatively and quantitatively about notions of SMEs’ involvement with financial services. The secondary data assists to present these findings within the broad economic environment; thus, a macro-level perspective of the challenges and opportunities that are facing SMEs in Zimbabwe is provided. The anticipated outcomes of the research aim at improving knowledge about of the role of financial accessibility in supporting growth and development of SMEs in a developing country. Thus, we note the lack of policies that increase the financial inclusion and ensure the SMEs as major development engines
Impact of Brand Personality on Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Self-Congruence and Brand Trust
No full textThe study examines the impact of brand personality on brand loyalty. It also explores the mediating role of self-congruence and brand trust on the relationship between brand personality and brand loyalty. With today’s competitive environment, it has become increasingly challenging and important for companies to increase the customer retention. To trespass and achieve the highest point in the competition, companies have been rigorously looking for customs to make powerful brand relations with the customers. This study concludes that due to brand personality the consumer become loyal towards brand and purchase products from the specific brand. The act of self-congruence on brand personality increases the brand loyalty, when the personality of the brand matches the personality of the consumer, this enhances self-congruence and trust of the consumers on trust which will lead to increase in the loyalty of consumers towards brand. On the basis of results implications, limitations and future directions of the study were conferred
Tourism, Globalization and Environmental Degradation in Top visited countries
Get PDFThe environment is always taken a significant position in economic life but. since last century environmental quality has all the attention of the modern world and research. This study explores the effect of tourism, globalization, and environmental quality in the top 10 visited economies by using the Panel least square EGLS Cross-sectional random effect estimation technique is used to analyze the impact, of energy consumption, economic growth, and globalization are found impacting the quality of the environmental quality of top 10 visited economies France, Spain, USA, China, Italy, Turkey, Mexico, Thailand, Germany, and the UK by using panel data. The panel least square model is employed from 1995 to 2021 to estimate reliable estimations. Empirical findings document that energy consumption, economic growth, and globalization have a positive impact and reduce environmental quality, implying that they have a positive contribution to environmental degradation. Based on empirical results, this research can develop essential policy implications for the top 10 visited economies to achieve sustainable environmental quality to maintain the tourism industry in the era of globalization
Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia Distress, Body Image and Psychosocial Wellbeing among Breast Cancer Patients: The Moderating Role of Locus of Control
Get PDFTo explore the relationship of chemotherapy induced distress with body image and psychological wellbeing, this study was proposed considering locus of control as a moderating variable among breast cancer patients. This study was a cross-sectional research. A convenient Sample of 80 breast cancer patients were selected from different hospitals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS), Body Image Scale (BR23), Psychosocial Well-being Scale (EORTC QLQ C30), and Health Locus of Control Scale (HLCS) were used to find the relationship between study variables. The study found a significant association between chemotherapy-induced alopecia, body image, and psychosocial well-being in breast cancer patients. The moderating role of Locus of Control was found to be insignificant between chemotherapy induced alopecia distress, body image, and psychosocial well-being. The results of present research study highlighted the negative effect of hair loss on dissatisfaction of body image and wellbeing of psychological and social factors, emphasizing the need for comprehensive psychosocial support for these patients. The study also underscores the importance of considering individuals' locus of control when designing interventions to mitigate the psychosocial effects of hair loss
Assessing the Environmental Consequences of Financial Development, Technology Innovation, and Foreign Direct Investment in Pakistan
Get PDFThe current article scrutinizes the interplay amid financial development, technological innovation, foreign direct investment (FDI), GDP growth, and their collective impact on the environment within the context of Pakistan. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology, the study spans the time frame of 1990 to 2021. Notably, the research simultaneously employs three distinct proxies for measuring financial development and uncovers a consistent negative correlation between each proxy and environment. Moreover, the findings underscore the adverse environmental repercussions of foreign direct investment and economic expansion. In contrast, the influence of technological innovation exhibits a contrasting trend, displaying a negative relationship with environmental degradation. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the intricate relationships between economic factors and environmental health in Pakistan, offering insights that could inform future policy decisions in pursuit of sustainable development
Impact of Globalization on Youth: (A Case Study of Southern Punjab)
Get PDFThe study was conducted on the topic “Impact of Globalization on Youth (A Case Study of Southern Punjab)” with the aim to evaluate the level of awareness about globalization, positive and negative impact of globalization, impacts of changing and restructuring the social structure of the society due to global village and values changing due to globalization. For purpose of data collection interview schedule was use as tool and selects 200 respondents from four Districts of Southern Punjab by using convenient sampling technique. The results showed that the globalization has its negative effects on youth some of the effects are; values for elder decrease, people become materialistic, having love for others instead of parents, people adopting new fashion and trends due to the globalization. All these factors affect the culture and society negatively