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Turkey’s syrian policy under justice and development party rule after 2009
Get PDFThe Justice and Development Party's Syria policy has followed a volatile and pragmatic line. Prior to 2011, when the Arab Spring began in Syria, strategic cooperation was established within the framework of liberal and zero-problem policies with neighbors. When Turkey's democratic reform proposals against the opposition movements that emerged in 2011 did not realize, Turkey changed its position against the Assad regime and started to support the opposition. During this period, weapons aid was also given to the dissidents. Later, with the involvement of Russia and the USA, the balances in Syria changed and Turkey turned to defensive policies that would protect its internal and border security. In this context, military operations were carried out against Syria. However, these operations were carried out with the consensus of Russia and the USA. Although the JDP declared the Assad regime to be an enemy after 2011, it has come to the point where it is possible to negotiate with the Assad regime in the later period. This study makes a process analysis of Turkey's changing Syria policy
SOLITARY WAVE SOLUTIONS FOR THE (2+1) CBS EQUATION
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to investigate the traveling wave solution of the Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (CBS) equation using the Riccati-Bernoulli (RB) sub-ODE method. The (RB) sub-ODE method is used to secure traveling wave solutions that are expressed explicitly and graphically in 3D. The RB sub-ODE technique is a powerful tool that is used to solve various nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs). The obtained soliton solutions have been demonstrated by relevant figures
Evaluating E-learning system success in higher education during the Covid-19
Get PDFHuman lives globally have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The quantitative research method was followed to assess e-learning system success from students' perspectives during the pandemic. ISS and USAT model was adopted to measure it, and a survey was used to collect 632 voluntary students. The regression analysis method presented variations between the quality of factors that anticipate user-perceived satisfaction, system use, and individual performance. While the quality factors suggested the impact of the dependent variable was (collaboration, information, service, System, IATE, DIA, LCAx, and LPIWO). In students' opinion, the study found quality factors significantly positively influence the adopted model, except for the QSer and IATE. The study outcome is expected to help academic staff and learners with further research
The Legality and Effectiveness of Smart Contracts, As Well As Its Impact on Traditional Concepts of Contract Law
Get PDFAlthough in the world of law, smart contracts are still a new concept, they have already given rise to many possibilities. common examinations of smart contracts, a modern innovation aimed at displacing traditional contract law. Some claim that smart contracts will completely replace traditional contracts while others claim that they will spell the end of contract law. This research investigates the role of “Smart Contracts,” a recently invented technology. What sets them apart is the use of computers to automate the execution of these legal agreements. This article further examines how smart contracts differ from traditional contracts from a legal aspect. It also explains the differences between strong and weak smart contracts, as well as how smart contracts work and fit into current contract law about revocation and modification. Since Smart Contracts are merely a new proactive self-help that politicians and judges should not restrict.
While some extreme examples of strong smart contracts may require regulation, courts and legislators should foster an environment in which smart contracts are considered separate types of contracts. As a result, a technique has been devised for dealing with any concerns that may arise because of the Smart Contract. For legal purposes, researchers distinguish between traditional contracts and smart contracts based on their strong and weak smart contracts. The study relied on an examination of already published information as well as any related papers obtained from public libraries, websites, and data from previously completed surveys, among other sources. Finally, based on comparative research, the study came to some plausible findings about the legality of Smart Contracts and made some recommendations
Anti-inflammatory activity of Magic Spice Fruits of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L)
Get PDFThe goal of this study is to see how effective Rhus coriaria L (sumac) is at reducing inflammation caused by formalin in mice. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of sumac ethanol extract was tested in mice with formalin-induced paw edema. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in mice (n=6) using a plethysmometer model, and it was compared to morphine. Sumac showed anti-inflammatory effects comparable to morphine in mice with formalin-induced paw edema. In a formalin-induced arthritis model, sumac extracts showed considerable anti-inflammatory efficacy. If the findings of this study are supported by more experimental and clinical research, sumac may have an adjuvant role in the treatment of inflammatory illnesses, particularly when antioxidant qualities are present
Chief Complaint of Dental Pediatric Patients Attending Pediatric Dental Clinic, Dentistry Faculty, Tishk International University
Get PDFPurpose: to assess the common Chief Compliant CC of patients attending the Pedodontics Department, Dental Faculty. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out, including 300 records of children attending the Pedodontics Department. The patients included in the study range from (1 – 13) years. The various CCs were categorized as follows pain, decay, checkup, extraction, and others. The common CC and the average patient attendance were assessed according to the age group, gender, and types of CC at their first dental visit. The statistical package for the social sciences program (SPSS, version 25) using frequency distribution and Chi-square was recording the data. Results: The most common CC was “Pain” (56.7%). Patients attending the dental clinic were significantly different regarding the gender Male (53.3%) and female (46.7). The relation between CCs and various age groups were significant, with a relative (P-Value = 0.01). Conclusion: Children’s averaged for their first dental visit mostly at (6 – 9) years, complaining of “Pain” as being defined as the most common CCs all over the age groups included in the study. Parents need education on the subject of the importance of early child’s visit to the dentist
Attitudes of Iraqi Orthodontists Towards Tooth Extractions and Skeletal Anchorage Device (Mini-Implant)
Get PDFAim: The purpose of this study was to look into the attitudes of Iraqi orthodontists towards the extraction of maxillary second premolars rather than maxillary first premolars and the usage of skeletal anchoring devices.
Methods: 400 Iraqi orthodontists received an online questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and chi-square statistics.
Results: The poll received 89 responses from orthodontists (22.25 percent). The larger the carious lesion in the upper second premolar, the more likely it is to be extracted over the healthy upper first premolar. Furthermore, the duration of therapy was associated to the extraction decisions made by orthodontists. In this study, orthodontists determined that using a mini-implant as a temporary anchorage device was acceptable.
Conclusions: When orthodontists determined which teeth to extract for orthodontic therapy, the condition of the teeth was the most important factor to consider. Furthermore, while most orthodontists utilize mini-implants to improve anchorage during orthodontic treatment, there are still some elements of mini-implant use that orthodontists need to understand
Model Reduction and Analysis for ERK Cell Signalling Pathway Using Implicit-Explicit Rung-Kutta Methods
Get PDFMany complex cell signalling pathways and chemical reaction networks include many variables and parameters; this is sometimes a big issue for identifying critical model elements and describing the model dynamics. Therefore, model reduction approaches can be employed as a mathematical tool to reduce the number of elements. In this study, we use a new technique for model reduction: the Lumping of parameters for the simple linear chemical reaction network and the complex cell signalling pathway that is extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. Moreover, we propose a high-order and accurate method for solving stiff nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The curtail idea of this scheme is based on splitting the problem into stiff and non-stiff terms. More specifically, stiff discretization uses the implicit method, and nonlinear discretization uses the explicit method. This is consequently leading to a reduction in the computational cost of the scheme.
The main aim of this study is to reduce the complex cell signalling pathway models by proposing an accurate numerical approximation Runge-Kutta method. This improves one's understanding of such behaviour of these systems and gives an accurate approximate solution. Based on the suggested technique, the simple model's parameters are minimized from 6 to 3, and the complex models from 11 to 8. Results show that there is a good agreement between the original models and the simplified models
Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats
Get PDFPapaver decaisnei (P. decaisnei) has been used as folkloric medicine for many health issues
including gastric problems. The current study investigates the gastroprotective roles of P. decaisnei
against ethanol-induced ulcers in rodents. Sprague Dawley rats (30) were separated into five groups:
the normal group (G1) and the ulcer control group (G2) were orally administered 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); the reference group (G3) was administered 20 mg/kg of Omeprazole; two experimental groups were fed with 200 mg/kg (G4) and 400 mg/kg (G5) of the P. decaisnei extract (PDE),
respectively. Next, the rats were given absolute ethanol and sacrificed for the analysis of the gastric
mucosal injury through microscopic, enzymatic, histologic, and immunohistochemistry assays. The
ulcer controls showed significant superficial hemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions, with a decreased
gastric wall mucus and edema production, whereas fewer were found for the reference and planttreated rats. Furthermore, the PDE pre-treated rats had a significantly reduced the periodic acid-Schiff
(PAS) staining intensity, produced the upregulation of the HSP70 protein, and the downregulation
of the Bax protein expressions in the stomach epithelium. P. decaisnei displayed a significant role in
the upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and PGE2), significantly reduced
malondialdehyde (MDA), TNF-a, IL-6, and upraised the IL-10 levels. Based on the positive impacts,
the PDE can be proposed as the protective/treatment agent against gastric ulcers and stomach lesions
Utilization of Nanotechnology to Improve Bone Health in Osteoporosis Exploiting Nigella sativa and Its Active Constituent Thymoquinone
Get PDFOsteoporosis, a chronic bone disorder, is one of the leading causes of fracture and morbidity risk. Numerous medicinally important herbs have been evaluated for their efficacy in improving bone mass density in exhaustive preclinical and limited clinical studies. Nigella sativa L. has been used as local folk medicine, and traditional healers have used it to manage various ailments. Its reported beneficial effects include controlling bone and joint diseases. The present manuscript aimed to provide a sound discussion on the pharmacological evidence of N. sativa and its active constituent, thymoquinone, for its utility in the effective management of osteoporosis. N. sativa is reported to possess anti-IL-1 and anti-TNF-α-mediated anti-inflammatory effects, leading to positive effects on bone turnover markers, such as alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. It is reported to stimulate bone regeneration by prompting osteoblast proliferation, ossification, and decreasing osteoclast cells. Thymoquinone from N. sativa has exhibited an antioxidant effect on bone tissue by reducing the FeNTA-induced oxidative stress. The present manuscript highlights phytochemistry, pharmacological effect, and the important mechanistic perspective of N. sativa and its active constituents for the management of osteoporosis. Further, it also provides sound discussion on the utilization of a nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery approach as a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic performance of N. sativa and its active constituent, thymoquinone, in the effective management of osteoporosis