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Structural Behavior Of Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Beams Made Of Recycled Wood Aggregates
Get PDFThis research includes the study of structural behavior of sustainable lightweight reinforced concrete beams with waste wood particles as aggregates. Wood particles of aggregate size have been used in variation with percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) of the cement weight. The concrete produced becomes light weight reaching 1600 kg/m3 (33% reduction) The workability kept constant by controlling mix properties by a superplasticizer SP doses. Reference beams were made also for comparative purposes. Compressive strength ranged between 60 MPa for control samples to 30 MPa for 15% wood particle concrete and respective flexural strengths were 22 to 12 MPa. Twelve beams are molded of (100×150×900mm) dimension with different steel reinforcement ratio (ρ). Load-deflection relationships of beams were established. The effects of steel reinforcement ratio (ρ) on the displacement ductility of reinforced concrete beams were concluded. The lightweight beams have a softer response in terms of structural behavior, with more ductility than those made by reference concretes. These findings provide encouragement to use the wood particles lightweight concrete in structures. However, durability remains the main concern. The concrete should be protected from severe exposure and humidity. Therefore, it is recommended to be used in indoor exposure
Numerical Solution Of The Heat Equation By Cubic B-Spline Collocation Method
Get PDFThis work proposes a numerical scheme for heat parabolic problem by implementing a collocation method with a cubic B-spline for a uniform mesh. The key idea of this method is to apply forward finite difference and Crank–Nicolson methods for time and space integration, respectively. The stability of the presented scheme is proved through the Von-Neumann technique. It is shown that it is unconditionally stable. The accuracy of the suggested scheme is computed through the L_2 and L_∞-norms. Numerical experiments are also given and show that it is compatible with the exact solutions
Educational Reforms During the Reign of Mahmud II in Turkey
Get PDFMahmud II came to the throne in 1808 after very difficult processes. Afterwards, he carried out many reforms within the State. Mahmud II implemented many reforms, especially in the western style, and followed the developments in the West closely. One of the most striking features of this period is the opening of western-style and secular education institutions in contrast to the traditional education that has existed in the state for hundreds of years. The aim of these educational institutions is both to save the State from collapse and to modernize the society. Especially in this period, it is possible to see that the Ottoman state elite followed and implemented all kinds of developments in the west. These developments emerged especially in the field of education
An Exploratory Study of Economic Factors That Hinder Economic Development of Kurdistan Region
Get PDFOver the past decade, Kurdistan Region of Iraq has made countless progress in many areas. However, these areas require significant flexibility to meet the local needs and the region is highly dependent on oil and gas resources. In the first quarter of 2020, the new cabinet submitted a bill to parliament to diversify the economy system of different sectors like, oil and gas, agriculture, construction, natural resources, ICT, Tourism, Trade, Manufacture units, Banking, Education, Handicraft Oil & Gas, transportation, FMCG, Higher Education & Scientific Affairs, Health, Social Affairs, Housing & Road Sector, Youth and Culture Sectors. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the factors that hinder economic developments in Kurdistan region. The factors that play an important role in economic development of country/region which consists of poverty, infrastructure, transportation, trade and many other factors. The study is based on exploratory research and used secondary data to explore the factors that hinder the economic development in Kurdistan Region. Moreover, the factors in economics development contributes to the improvement of Kurdistan region development, and what policy recommendations can be made to create a resolution of hindrances. This paper argued that Kurdistan region’s economy is heavily dependent on economic factors, and current revenue is not sufficient and effective for the economic factors of the economy to diversify the income in long run and which creates economic development hindrances based on the contribution of factors to the economy of the Kurdistan region
An Exploratory Study of Perceptions on Science and Technology Evidence from World Values Survey
Get PDFThe acceptance and perceptions of science and technology in our lives is a complex issue that is influenced by a variety of factors such as gender, age, and education. This research aims to explore these factors and their impact on the acceptance of the positive side of science and technology. Data from the World Values survey seventh wave was taken to analyze the same. A total of 59 countries’ data was available with 40,643 male and 44,724 female respondents. The Independent Sample T Test and ANOVA were used to explore the variances. A cross National examination was conducted where it was explored that there were significant levels of acceptance among the 59 countries based on the Mean values of the variable Science and Technology are making our lives healthier, easier, and more comfortable besides, it was found that education plays a significant role in shaping an individual’s perspective towards science and technology. Those with higher levels of education tend to have a more positive view and are more likely to accept science and technology in their lives. Age was also found to be a significant factor, with older individuals being less likely to embrace modern technologies compared to younger individuals. Gender was found to have a weaker impact on the acceptance of science and technology, with the research indicating that both men and women can have either a positive or negative view of it. The research concludes that education appears to be the most significant factor influencing the acceptance of science and technology, followed by age, with gender having a weaker impact. Policymakers need to understand these factors and work towards increasing science and technology literacy in order to facilitate its widespread adoption
Reflections of Social, Political and Educational Bigotry in “The Chaotic Class (Hababam Sinifi)”: a Comparative Cultural review of the Novel and Its Film Adaptation
Get PDFModern Turkish Republic emphasizes the values about the young and the new. In the making of the new society, the government employed modern linguistic and cultural exercises such as linguistic simplification, nationalization and modernization. However, military intervention in politics and social life has been one of the major elements in hitching political, social and even literary culture. The novel The Chaotic Class (Hababam Sinifi) by Rifat Ilgaz is composed under such a shade of military and traditional censorship, which impacted the main ideas and even the structure of the novel. Ilgaz hoped to transcend the censorship by the aid of other means such as theatre and cinema. That’s why, his work is composed in a much more adaptive style to the visual industry. The novel howls with the cries of traditional and military oppression of conservative and militaristic hegemony over a must-renovate social and political system. Ilgaz conveys his discussion over a barely successful yet extremely talented set of students, young stereotypical characters, under the misconduct of regressive education system implemented harshly by the military dictatorship. In the making of its film, one of the greatest achievements was to transcend military oppression through adaptation of the novel. The director Ertem Egilmez produced the box office success film series, dwelling on a more social criticism over the classroom. In the process of adaptation, even though Ilgaz criticized Egilmez a lot, through the film series, Egilmez was successful in conveying the idea of cultural advancement and linguistic purification which had been a controversy until the new millennium. However, Egilmez employed a more socially and culturally critical reading and adaptation of Ilgaz. Thus, the Turkish film industry, Yesilcam, successfully executed its duty of transforming the society thanks to literary background of Turkish culture. This study elaborates on the connections between the film and the literary work in terms of language, social life and education
Post-Fire Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Waste EPS (Styrofoam) as Aggregate Replacement
Get PDFReusing waste is one of the most recent topics and one of the main contributors to sustainability. It is known that concrete is one of the most common materials to produce different types of construction members around the world. That is due to mainly its low cost, availability, long period of durability, and ability to withstand harsh environments. On the other hand, due to the rapid changes that have happened in the last few decades in the production of decorative materials, some material types of cladding are used for decoration purposes, such as Styrofoam (EPS) (trade name “Astropol”), which is developed from disposal materials. Discovering and implementing a method of reusing these wastes in concrete is beneficial for the environment to reduce waste around the globe. In the current study, Styrofoam (Astropol) waste was used as a replacement for fine aggregate since concrete structures contain this material in their composition. It is important to test these materials for fire resistance and expose them to an elevated temperature in order to discover the post-fire mechanical properties of the composite material. The experimental result showed that the post-fire compressive strength of concrete containing different ratios of EPS (Astropol) increases compared to conventional concrete. The compressive strengths were 19.94 MPa, 19.295 MPa, 16.806 MPa, and 17.66 MPa for 0%, 15%, 25%, and 50%, respectively, while the post-fire indirect tensile strength for all specimens containing EPS reduced as the fire duration and temperature increased
Cytotoxicity against A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line via the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Nuclear Condensation Effects of Nepeta paulsenii Briq., a Perennial Herb
Get PDFThe genus Nepeta belongs to the largest Lamiaceae family, with 300 species, which are distributed throughout the various regions of Africa, Asia, India, and America. Along with other plant families distinguished by their medicinal and therapeutic values, the Nepeta genus of Lameaceae remains relatively valuable. Hence, the phytochemicals of N. paulsenii Briq. were extracted using different plant parts, i.e., leaves, stem, roots, flowers, and the whole plant by using various solvents (ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate), obtaining 15 fractions. Each extract of dried plant material was analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS to identify the chemical constituents. The cytotoxicity of each fraction was analyzed by MTT assay and mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear condensation assays against lung cancer cells. Among the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts, the flowers showed the best results, with IC50 values of 51.57 μg/mL and 50.58 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, among the water extracts of the various plant segments, the stem showed the best results, with an IC50 value of 123.80 μg/mL. 5-flourouracil was used as the standard drug, providing an IC50 value of 83.62 μg/mL. The Hoechst 33342 stain results indicated apoptotic features, i.e., chromatin dissolution and broken down, fragmented, and crescent-shaped nuclei. The ethanolic extracts of the flowers showed more pronounced apoptotic effects on the cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential indicated that rhodamine 123 fluorescence signals suppressed mitochondrial potential due to the treatment with the extracts. Again, the apoptotic index of the ethanolic extract of the flowers remained the highest. Hence it can be concluded that the flower part of N. paulsenii Briq. was found to be the most active against the A459 human lung cancer cell line
DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF SMART POWER GRID EFFICIENCY WITH 5G GENERATION TECHNOLOGY
Get PDFDue to the management and deployment of the 5G technology in the smart power grid, there will be some impacts affecting the cost and energy efficiency, especially in the areas of not reliable power grid and not available, in addition, the operators are not experts to use the 5G technology infrastructure. The 5G infrastructure is affected by several factors such as Large Cells, Unmanned Arial Vehicle (UAV), Capital Expenditures CAPEX, and Operating Expenditures OPEX costs. Results obtained show that an off-grid network with 5G can be constructed with good efficiency and low effects on the wide range wireless network connectivity, especially for users living in rural and small areas of low income instead of wire connectivity in addition the application of renewable solar energy sources will let the off-grid operating efficiently in emergencies conditions. With this technology, the cost and time of the power grid network distribution will be optimized and minimized. Meanwhile, the smart power grid management which will be offered by the 5G has more reliability and produce smart adaptive patterns with solar energy
Blockchain-Based Secure Traceable Scheme for Food Supply Chain
Get PDFThe typical food traceability system’s data layer is made up of relational databases managed by core businesses, which cannot ensure data security. It is inefficient and requires a lot of upkeep. The food supply chain has numerous actors, making it difficult for consumers to safeguard their rights when purchasing food with quality issues. Due to the numerous organizations involved in the food supply chain, food safety monitoring and traceability have become challenging. The supply chain’s major organizations have control and administrative authority over the data under the current food traceability system, which is overly centralized for traceability information. The safety and dependability of food may be ensured by using the food traceability system to track food information. We can witness a series of detailed insights into food from the manufacturing source to the consumption terminal. A blockchain-based food tracking system is created as a solution to these issues. On the Ethereum platform, the system was created. It was also employed in the blockchain system, in addition to its features of decentralization, tamper-proof, and traceability. To implement the data update service and the food recall function, introduce the Food and Drug Administration node. Consumers have the option to not only enquire about food traceability throughout the manufacturing process but also to file complaints regarding the traceability system’s rights protection