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The Ongoing Debate over Teacher Centered Education and Student Centered Education
Get PDFTeacher-centered education and student-centered education are two different approaches to teaching and learning that have been widely debated in the field of education. Both approaches have their advantages and disadvantages. Teacher-centered education, also known as traditional education, is an approach to teaching in which the teacher is the primary source of knowledge and authority in the classroom. Student-centered learning on the other hand helps students become active participants in their own discovery process. This paper compares these two approaches and endeavours to summarize their advantages
Technology-Enhanced Language Learning: A Review of its Benefits
Get PDFRecently there has been an explosion of interest in using technological tools in the language classroom. The implementation of technology has dramatically changed the way of language learning. Technology-enhanced language education has proved to be an important factor in proficiency development. By means of providing many alternatives, the integration of technology in the language classroom has the potential to make learning more interesting and productive. This paper attempts to explore the advantageous of using technological devices in language learning
Ronaki International School – Erbil (RISE) Students’ Attitudes Toward Online Assignment in Learning Management System (LMS)
Get PDFThe concept of online has become a vital part of today’s students’ lives. This study studied the academic development of students at a private international school in Iraq in connection to the online assignment component of the Learning Management System (LMS). A pre-test conducted to the students at the beginning of the study revealed that their levels were comparable. 14 girls and 14 boys, respectively, were assigned to the control and experimental groups. The duration of the trial was six weeks. In the fifth week of the study, the questionnaire was administered to the students using Google Forms. On the sixth and final week of the study, students were interviewed face-to-face and given a post-test. Based on the collected data and the 13% post-test difference, it was found that students preferred the online assignment technique and, as a result, were more successful. When the results to the student poll were reviewed, the students highlighted that the traditional method was more secure than the internet system. In general, research indicates that contemporary pupils are more open to online tasks
The Challenges and Solutions in Teaching Writing to Non-Native English Speakers
Get PDFWriting instruction for non-native English speakers poses a special set of difficulties for teachers. Non-native English speakers’ ability to improve their writing abilities can be hampered by language obstacles, cultural differences, and a lack of familiarity with writing traditions. These difficulties may be overcome, though, with careful preparation, focused teaching tactics, and an inclusive learning environment. This article will examine the difficulties encountered by teachers while instructing non-native English speakers in writing and offer practical ideas to improve their educational experience
Effective Teaching: Passion and Commitment
Get PDFTeachers play a vital role in shaping the future generations as they are responsible for imparting knowledge to students. However, the quality of education is not solely dependent on the curriculum and teaching strategies but also on the commitment and passion of teachers towards their profession. Passion and commitment are at the core of effective teaching. Passionate and committed teachers have serious impact on student learning outcomes; therefore, these features are important for their potential to make a difference in student learning. Passion and commitment are essential tools for high quality teaching and make significant contributions to student achievement. This article aims to explore the role of passion and commitment for effective teaching and learning
Plants biodiversity utilisation in Bardarash, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Get PDFPlants have been used as medicine by humans from the beginning of recorded history. WHO reports that between 65% and 80% of the population in developing nations uses only natural remedies. It should be noted that the research area was selected due to the rich traditional knowledge of its people and the wide range of flora and fauna found there. The goal of these studies is to strengthen local knowledge by compiling a list of valuable plants for traditional medicine. Expert sampling method was utilised in the study with aid of an in-depth interview guide. Fourty two informants were interviewed from the period of September 2021-June 2022. Dominance of men were observed in the study 73.8 %. Age range of 56-65 dominated the study with 38.1%. The current study uncovered 42 plants from 24: Laminaceae (19.2%), Composite (12.8%), Brassica (6.4%), and Leguminosae (6.4%) and the remaining families each (2.1 %). Leaves and fruits are the most frequent used part of the plant at 24.5 % respectively. For the first time, the ethno botanical application of plant species from Bardarash was documented. Illegal collection, trading, and marketing have jeopardized the quantity and distribution of some high-value medicinal plants. The significance of preserving floral diversity is essential
Probabilistic Modeling for Conditional Statements
Get PDFA new mathematical framework is proposed in this study to comprehend the impact of program architecture on input random variables, the IF statement was the main topic. The primary idea that is theoretically and experimentally supported in this study is that the part of the joint pmf of a collection of random variables that represents the condition will be shifted to the part that represents the action. After sorting two random variables, the framework is used with four random variables, and the theoretically produced results were realistically validated. The study's equations can be applied to assessing probabilistic models of various sorting algorithms or other intricate program structures. This may also result in future investigations formalizing more precise execution time expectations
Spatio-temporal variations of groundwater quality index using geostatistical methods and GIS
Get PDFA groundwater quality map serves as a deterrent mechanism that provides insight into likely environmental health predicaments. The objective of this study was to create map and evaluate the quality and changes in groundwater during the study period in Erbil, Iraq. Based on the 13 groundwater parameters, the water quality index (WQI) was calculated for 61 wells from 2015 to 2017 for wet and dry seasons. To generate WQI maps, two geostatistical analyst tools in Geographical Information Systems, including Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) were used. For determining the most suitable method, statistical indices were applied to the obtained data. The results showed that the Kriging method increases the prediction accuracy compared to the IDW method. The water quality in 2017 was decreased compared to the previous years and the WQI was increased from 1.64% to 11.47%. Untreated domestic and industrial wastewater causes groundwater pollution which was the main reason for the decrease in the water quality of Erbil city
Comparison between mastic gum resin extract and chlorhexidine mouthwash in the prevention of biofilm formation on titanium dental implants
Get PDFThe biofilm formation around dental implant abutment is considered the main cause of peri-implant infection. The use of antimicrobial mouthwash might potentially reduce biofilm formation and subsequent infection. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm properties of mastic gum resin extract (MGRE) against S. Mutans biofilm on the surface of titanium dental implant discs. This study used grade five (medical grade) titanium dental implant discs measuring 15 mm in diameter. The substances in the MGRE were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) which found 12 detectable chemicals in MGRE. In this study, S. mutans was collected around the healing abutment of a recently placed dental implant and then cultured on titanium discs (in vitro). After bacterial growth on the titanium specimens for 24 hours, they were subjected to either chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), (n = 6) or MGRE (n = 6). The antibacterial activity tests showed that both CHX and MGRE significantly inhibited bacterial growth compared to the negative control, the lactate production and turbidity measurements were significantly lower in MGRE and CHX compared to the control (p ≤ 0.05). Regarding the antibiofilm activity, both treatments showed significantly less turbidity in their biofilm compared to the control. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that there were very limited adherence cells on the titanium implant discs in treatment groups, while there were confluent and attached bacterial cells in the control. The MGRE showed an antimicrobial property against S. mutans indicating that it has a potential for clinical use as a mouthwash
Synergic effect of polyester fiber and nano silica on chemical resistance of geopolymer mortar
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to evaluate the synergistic effect of polyester fiber-reinforced and nanoslica on the technical performance and durability of geopolymer mortar in terms of the chemical resistance. The study examined how the addition of polyester fiber and nanosilica affects the short-term severe durability of geopolymer mortar specimens made with fly ash (type F). The specimens were cured under ambient conditions. Different percentages (0.6%, 1.2%, and 1.8%) of polyester fiber were used, both with and without nanosilica. Additionally, a reference mixture containing only nanosilica was prepared.All mixtures had a liquid to binder ratio of 0.50, and the ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 solution was kept at 2.5:1 by weight. The produced mixes, after 28 days of ambient curing, were immersed for another 28 days in solutions containing 3.5%, 5%, and 5% of sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate and sulfuric acid, respectively. For comparison, control specimens which were not exposed to chemical attacks were tested at the same age of 56 days. Moreover, water absorption and sorptivity tests were conducted to explain the durability performance in a more detailed way. The test results express that the combination of both materials showed a synergistic effect and resulted in greater improvements in compressive and flexural strengths. Both materials can reduce the reduction in compressive strength caused by sulfuric acid exposure, but polyester fiber can increase mass loss. The presence of magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride can lead to a reduction in strength, but the addition of both polyester fiber and nanosilica can mitigate these effects. The addition of fibers creates a network of pores that can limit water absorption, and nanosilica can further enhance the microstructure and reduce water absorption. However, using polyester fiber beyond 1.2 percent can adversely affect the rate of water absorption