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Green Organo-Photooxidative Method for the Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye
Get PDFThis study used an organophoto-oxidative material to degrade the toxic azo dye, methylene blue (MB), due to its hazardous effects on aquatic life and humans. MB is traditionally degraded using metal-based catalysts, resulting in high costs. Several organic acids were screened for organo-photooxidative applications against various azo dyes, and ascorbic acid (AA), also known as vitamin C, was found to be best for degradation due to its high photooxidative activity. It is an eco-friendly, edible, and efficient photooxidative material. A photocatalytic box has been developed for the study of organo-photooxidative activity. It was found that when AA was added, degradation efficiency increased from 42 to 95% within 240 min. Different characterization techniques, such as HPLC and GC-MS, were used after degradation for the structural elucidation of degraded products. DFT study was done for the investigation of the mechanistic study behind the degradation process. A statistical tool, RSM, was used for the optimization of parameters (concentration of dye, catalyst, and time). This study develops sustainable and effective solutions for wastewater treatment
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS EXPANDING THE DRUG DISCOVERY TOOLBOX WITH BIOACTIVE MOLECULES
Get PDFNatural products have long served as a rich source of bioactive compounds
with diverse chemical structures and pharmacological activities, making
them invaluable resources in drug discovery and development. This review
explores the intricate landscape of natural product-based drug discovery,
highlighting its challenges, opportunities, and implications in expanding
the pharmaceutical toolbox. We delve into the structural complexity and
chemical diversity of natural products, examining their role in target
identification, validation, and drug lead discovery. Through
interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative methodologies, researchers
can overcome hurdles in synthesis, characterization, and optimization to
harness the full potential of natural products as therapeutic agents.
Moreover, the development of synthetic analogs inspired by natural
products offers avenues for innovation and optimization in drug discovery,
promising enhanced pharmacological properties and efficacy. The
implications of natural product research extend beyond drug discovery,
offering opportunities for drug repurposing, combination therapies, and
personalized medicine approaches. By integrating natural product research
with cutting-edge technologies, such as genomics, metabolomics, and
artificial intelligence, researchers can accelerate the pace of drug discovery
and translation, bringing new medicines to patients more efficiently. In
conclusion, the potential impact of natural products in pharmaceutical
development is profound, offering a beacon of hope and inspiration for
addressing the unmet medical needs of our time and shaping the course of
medical history for generations to come
Evaluation of coriander seed powder supplementation on body composition, growth performance, hematology, and serum biochemical indices in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the role of coriander seed powder (Coriandrum sativum) on growth indices, feed utilization, body composition, and haemato-biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings over 84 days. One hundred and forty-four common carp (25.24±0.05 g) were assigned into four groups fed with different diets, namely 0 (basal diet), 1%, 2%, and 4% of coriander seed powder (CSP). In the current study, C. carpio fed with dietary CSP revealed significant improvement in weight gain, final weight, specific growth rate, total feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, feed conversion ratio, protein intake, and protein efficiency ratio, in comparison to control fish fed after 84 days (P>0.05). It was also found that fish fed with 1%CSP-supplemented dietary had the best growth performance and feed utilization. The crude protein of fish fed with CSP dietary treatments increased, and significant differences were only found in the fish fed with 1%CSP diet, in comparison to the control group. The CSP supplementation groups showed significant increases in hemoglobin, hematocrit, albumin, total protein, and globulin compared to the control group. Nevertheless, differential white blood cells, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, cholesterols, and triglycerides were significantly reduced in the CSP dietary group in comparison to the control group. It was also found that CSP dietary treatment significantly increased lipase and amylase in comparison to the control group (P>0.05). However, the highest lipase and amylase levels were obtained at 1%CSP and 2%CSP dietary treatment groups, compared to the control basal diet. Based on the results, CSP supplementation could improve the overall health status and growth performance of common carp fingerlings
Repurposing Drugs for Overcoming Therapy Resistance in Colon Cancer – A Review
Get PDFColorectal cancer is a common type of cancer worldwide. Colorectal cancer is a prevalent form of cancer that is observed globally. The survival prospects for individuals with advanced stages of this disease are notably diminished. The chance of getting colorectal cancer is 4% to 5%. Getting older, having chronic illnesses, and certain lifestyle choices raise the risk of getting colorectal cancer. Surgery, as well as neoadjuvant radiation treatment (for those affected by rectal cancer) and adjunctive chemotherapy (for stage III/IV colon cancer patients and high-risk stage II colon cancer patients), stand as the most employed therapeutic interventions. Treating CRC has improved, but the medicines are expensive and have side effects. Therefore, alternative methods that are more affordable and still effective need to be explored. The use of existing drugs to treat diseases is becoming more popular due to high attrition rates, economic burden, slow drug discovery, and development. Many methods have been proposed to find repurposed therapeutic candidates, which can save time and money. Repurposing drugs is more successful and efficient than creating new drugs for rare diseases. Using existing drugs for cancer treatment is a major priority. Non-cancer drugs should not be overlooked since they have the potential to address both identified and unidentified weaknesses in cancer. Unlike targeted therapy, old generic drugs used in multiple ways can benefit patients. This review delves into the present body of evidence regarding the utilization of established medications as a plausible therapeutic avenue for patients suffering from CRC. The focus is to illustrate the possible competitors and their complex ways of functioning, including medications that have the ability to combat malaria, parasitic infections, inflammation, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes
The Effect of Intertextuality on the Semantic Level of Architectural Form
Get PDFAll creative fields, but especially architecture, are affected by intertextuality. To know how the notion of "intertextuality" affects the semantic sense of form in architecture, this study initially examines how it applies to literacy and then architecture. The objective is to determine how intertextuality affects architecture and how it could transmit a form's senses. The problem with intertextuality as an approach is that it doesn't provide designers with a clear path to follow. As a consequence, based on the idea of intertextuality in literacy, six steps are found from the theoretical framework to be steps of the intertextuality process in architecture. Case studies and a questionnaire are used for applying these steps. The study's results show that intertextuality has a significant impact and that each step of the intertextuality process intensely shows that the form's meaning might be changed from semantic to syntactic by the architect by including an intertextual idea in its design
Exploring Polymorphism: Flexibility and Code Reusability in Object-Oriented Programming
Get PDFA key concept in object-oriented programming (OOP) is polymorphism, which enables objects or references to take on different forms depending on the situation. To allow for the creation of numerous sorts of objects, variables, and methods, it integrates ideas like virtual functions, function overriding, and function overloading. By enabling several implementations of the same function within parent classes, polymorphism promotes scalability and improves code clarity. Understanding how polymorphism is used in programming and how class objects may access and use it is crucial. This paper covers the idea of polymorphism, examines its uses, benefits, and drawbacks, and offers examples to show how it is used in OOP. Polymorphism allows for quick development, reuse of code, and flexibility in object-oriented programming paradigms
Review Article Newly designed nanoparticle-drug delivery systems against Staphylococcus aureus infection: a systematic review
Get PDFA nanoparticle-drug delivery system against Staphylococcus aureus, especially Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, has been recently proposed as an alternative pathway therapy. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is resistance to many antibiotics, making it a a threat to human life, especially for older and immunocompromised people. Treatment of Multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus is considered an urgent need. A
variety of kinds of nanoparticle-drug delivery systems with different compositions, and biological properties have
been extensively investigated against Staphylococcus aureus. This review summarizes the novel nanoparticle-drug
delivery systems against Staphylococcus aureus. These nanoparticle-drug delivery systems could reduce antibiotic
resistance and minimize side effects of the antibiotics. Also, they can deliver a high concentration of the drugs
and eliminate the bacteria in a specific and targeted site of infection. Despite these benefits of nanoparticle-drug
delivery systems, the cytotoxicity, stress oxidative, genotoxicity, and inflammation that may occur in vivo and in
vitro should not be ignored. Therefore, we need a better knowledge of the pharmacological properties and safety
concerns of nanoparticle-drug delivery systems. The limitations of each nanoparticle-drug delivery system with high
therapeutic potential have to be considered for further design
An efficient and practical approach for the synthesis of indoloquinolines and indolo/pyrroloquinoxalines via a Cu-catalyzed Ugi-C/Ugi-N-arylation sequence†
Get PDFA Cu-catalyzed tandem transformation of Ugi adducts through CH/NH bond functionalization reactions was reported for synthesizing a broad spectrum of indolo/pyrrolo-[1,2-a]quinoxaline-6/4-carboxamide, 7H-indolo[2,3-c]quinoline-6-carboxamide, and 1-(cyclohexylamino)-14H-indolo[2,3-c][1,4]oxazino[4,3-a]quinolin-4(3H)-one derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. In this protocol the Ugi condensation of aromatic aldehydes, anilines, acids, and isocyanides leads to the formation of bis-amides in methanol at room temperature. This approach employed simple reaction conditions, including Ugi product as starting material, CuI, L-proline as a ligand, and cesium carbonate, in DMSO for 8 h. This method demonstrated efficiency in synthesizing fused-nitrogen-containing heterocycles through a convenient pathway
Study of The Chemical Composition of Syzygium Cumini (L.) Skeels
Get PDFThroughout history, medicinal plants have been the primary source for preventing and treating infectious diseases and other health issues. Researchers are conducting investigations to search for novel, affordable, and secure sources of antibiotics, antioxidants, and antidiabetic compounds. The more effective the medicinal plant is, the higher its demand will be, and the likelihood of non-availability will rise. Different parts of the plant must be explored to accommodate the increased demand. The study examined the chemical composition based on the essential oil of Syzygium cumini. The most abundant compound was Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)- (27.5%). Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (9.89%), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 2-methylpropyl ester (8.36%). The study involves a thorough examination of the chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from Syzygium cumini leaves. The study lays the groundwork for future research on the specific plant
The Impacts Of China’s Investment On Nigeria’s Development
Get PDFThis conference paper aims to explore the impacts of China’s investment on Nigeria’s development. The paper employs qualitative research approach with secondary sources. The method of data collection is the document analysis from the scholarly journals, books and even news. The researcher uses the impact analysis reports and scholarly evaluations abut the Chinese investment projects all around Nigeria. The data analysis method is content analysis. The paper presents data and findings in a qualitative, positivist and inductive approach. The findings illuminate, especially, the impact of Chinese investment on Nigeria’s economic development in different localities and, also on some development items such as skills transfer and human capital development. One of the implications of this research is the aggregate value of the Chinese investments should bring technology and skills transfers from the China’s investors/institutions to Nigeria’s society