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Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Self-Medication: A Comparative Analysis among Medical and Non-Medical Students
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Beyond COVID-19: The Association between Ivermectin Use and Enteroparasitosis Prevalence in School Children
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A Retrospective Cohort Study Assessing Ability of Radiological Investigations to Predict Axillary Nodal Status in Breast Cancer
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Amyand Hernia on Computerized Tomography: A Rare Case Report
Full text linkA hernia occurs when an organ or part of it protrudes through the usual surrounding tissue or wall and typically occurs because of weakness in the muscular layer or a congenital/acquired defect. It can be either reducible, meaning the herniated contents can return to the cavity, or irreducible/incarcerated, indicating that they cannot be returned. An incarcerated hernia can lead to strangulation, resulting in a loss of blood supply and the development of gangrene. While the most common type of hernia is inguinal, Amyand hernia is a very uncommon type with an incidence of less than 1%. It can lead to complications like acute appendicitis, which occurs in approximately 0.1% of cases. Pre-operative diagnosis is challenging, and it is often an unexpected discovery, increasingly detected through abdominal CT scans. As a result, CT scans play a crucial role in its managemen
A Pathway for The Deficiencies and Challenges of Cervical Cancer Screening In Pakistan
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Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Pakistan
Full text linkViolence against nurses is a serious issue around the globe, especially in Pakistan. There are commonly three types of workplace violence, that are physical, verbal, and sexual. Laws are being passed to reduce such incidents by adopting different types of strategies and frameworks, consisting of prevention, response, and recovery. The promotion of high-quality care and protection of nurses from workplace violence may encourage the contribution of nurses to the healthcare industry
Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Malnourished Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
Full text linkThe objective of this research paper is to determine the frequency of Vitamin B12 deficiency in malnourished children presenting in outpatient clinics in a Pediatrics Department and to identify associated risk factors using a cross-sectional study design. The research was carried out at the Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ruth Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, for 6 months from 22-01-2020 to 21-07-2020. All pediatric patients, aged 6 to 60 months of either gender, either visiting and/or admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Civil Hospital, were evaluated. Blood samples were obtained from 91 malnourished patients to measure Vitamin B12 levels. Forty-two (46%) children were found to be Vitamin B12 deficient. Children younger than 15 months (19%) and those aged 36 to 60 months (55%) had a high prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Mean Vitamin B12 levels were136.93±93.23pg/ml. The Regression analysis showed a significant relationship of Vitamin B12 deficiency with socioeconomic status and dominant breastfeeding, (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Malnourished children have a higher frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency. Public health initiatives should emphasize balanced feeding practices, combining breastfeeding with adequate complementary foods rich in Vitamin B12
Comparative Assessment of Knowledge on Household Poisons and First-Aid Management of Poisoning among Medical and Non-Medical University Students in Pakistan
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Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis: Case Series across Various Age Groups, Presentations, and Imaging Characteristics
Full text linkCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively rare and potentially life-threatening condition among different age groups with multiple etiological factors. The following report illustrates three cases of CVST representing a variety of demographics and risk factors for this condition, highlighting the importance of radiological imaging in its recognition. Case 1 a 13-year-old female with measles who was confused and found to have meningoencephalitis, had imaging evidence of deep venous sinus thrombosis. Case 2 is that of a 51-day-old newborn who presented with lethargy, and seizures and was found on CT to have global ischemic venous infarction that was contributed to by anemia and dehydration; Case 3 is of a 30-year-old female without past illness who had a feverish headache and vomiting, as CT imaging revealed thrombosis in multiple venous sinuses. This discussion also points to the intricate pathophysiology of CVST, triggered by infection, dehydration and coagulopathy as the constituents for a deep understanding that requires immediate imaging in cases of suspicion in all age populations