LNH-Journals
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Effectiveness of a School-Based Medicine Safety Program for Children in Karachi: A Pre-Post Quasi-Experimental Study
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Unheard, Unseen, Underserved: Addressing Adolescent Health in Primary Care
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Assessing the Frequency of Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Pediatric Anemia: A Descriptive Study
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Impact of Exclusive Breastfeeding on Obesity Risk in Preschool-Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Serang, Indonesia
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Assessment of Knowledge and Practice Regarding the Use of Probiotics among Periodontists in Andhra Pradesh, a Cross-Sectional Study
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Unveiling Undergraduate Students' Perceptions and Experiences in Hasanuddin University's Community-Based Medical Education Program
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Friendship, Employment, and Well-Being in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Full text linkLong-term outcomes for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) vary. This study assessed friendship, employment, and well-being in adults with ASD in Bahrain, diagnosed 20 years prior. The objective was to determine the levels of friendship, employment opportunities, and general well-being of a cohort of participants with ASD from childhood to adulthood in an Arabic country. A cross-sectional study traced young adults diagnosed with ASD in childhood (n=81/114; 81% response rate). Caregivers (mostly mothers) provided information via interview on a fact sheet covering demographics, diagnosis age, comorbidities (epilepsy, intellectual disability [ID], family mental illness), relationships, employment, education, medication use, and living situation. The study was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023; the setup was the centers for the Bahraini Association for Intellectual Disability and Autism. Outcomes were notably poor. Only 3 participants (3.7%) were employed, and only 6 (7.4%) had completed high school or higher education. While 12 participants (14.8%) reported a relationship lasting over one year, none were married. All individuals lived with family and utilized rehabilitation services. Significant comorbidities and challenges were prevalent: 42 (51.9%) used medication. Comorbid ID was highly prevalent (31 participants, 37%). The cohort showed poor long-term prognoses, particularly regarding relationships and employment. Almost half had inferior outcomes. ASD combined with ID constituted a distinct group with lower outcomes. Future research should focus specifically on ASD groups without ID and compare outcomes to the general population
A Comprehensive Review on Sulfonamide Resistance: Recent Trends And Implications in Primary Care Clinical Settings
Full text linkSulfonamides, once widely effective antibiotics, now face escalating resistance due to decades of overuse in clinical and agricultural settings. This narrative review synthesizes evidence (2000–2024) on the evolutionary drivers of resistance, highlighting key mechanisms such as folP gene mutations, the acquisition of sul1, sul2, and sul3 resistance genes via mobile genetic elements, and efflux pump activation. Resistance proliferation is exacerbated by environmental contamination—particularly in hospital effluents and manure-treated soils—where antibiotic residues select for resistant strains and facilitate gene transfer to human pathogens. Clinical misuse (e.g., subtherapeutic dosing) further accelerates resistance, complicating infections like UTIs and respiratory diseases. Emerging data underscore the need for integrated strategies: antimicrobial stewardship to curb unnecessary prescriptions, surveillance of resistance hotspots (e.g., wastewater, livestock), and policy reforms to limit agricultural overuse. Combination therapies (e.g., trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) may delay resistance, but long-term solutions require a One Health approach. This review equips clinicians with insights to navigate sulfonamide resistance while advocating for systemic interventions to preserve antibiotic efficacy
Low-Salt Dietary Practices of Hypertensive Older People in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review
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Evaluating Awareness, Availability, and Implementation of Seizure Action Plans (SAP) in Schools of Karachi, Pakistan
Full text linkEpilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, affects millions globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. Despite its prevalence, stigma and misconceptions surrounding epilepsy persist, necessitating educational initiatives to enhance awareness and understanding. This cross-sectional study, conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, aimed to identify barriers to the awareness, availability, and implementation of Seizure Action Plans (SAPs) in schools. Thirty-two teachers from urban schools participated in structured interviews. Most participants, 65.6%, were aware of SAPs; however, their availability in schools was limited, with only 56.3% participants reporting their presence. Lack of awareness (68.8%), funding (15.6%), understanding (12.5%), and access to medical resources (6.2%) were cited as reasons for the absence of SAPs. Participants demonstrated limited knowledge of first-aid procedures, with only 53.1% knowing how to administer first aid during seizures. Moreover, only 6.25% were aware of emergency medication to be given during seizures. Discrepancies between perceived and actual responses to seizure incidents were evident, highlighting the urgent need for improving awareness and preparedness among educators. A comparison with international studies revealed similar challenges that educators face, emphasizing the importance of epilepsy awareness campaigns and comprehensive training initiatives. Addressing these barriers can lead to improved awareness, reduced stigma, and better outcomes for individuals living with epilepsy