Malmö University
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Children's Digital Rights to Accessible and Reliable Public Sector Communication
No full textChildren have the right to accessible and reliable public sector communication. However, our understanding of children's perspectives on digital communication from the public sector remains limited. This study addresses this gap by analysing how children aged 10–11 (n = 18) evaluate a Swedish municipality's digital communication regarding leisure activities on websites and social media during group interviews. Using John Dewey's theory on judgement, the study identifies seven core principles children used in their evaluations: proximity, comprehension, inclusion, in-depth information, accurate information and authenticity, influence and mistrust. These findings can inform the development of public sector communication to better support children's rights
Homestyling as a Strategy : A qualitative Study on how stylists create attractive homes for sale
No full textHomestyling har blivit ett allt viktigare verktyg inom bostadsförsäljning där visuella och sensoriska element används för att skapa en attraktiv och känslomässigt engagerande presentation. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur stylister använder visuella och sensoriska element för att påverka spekulantens känslor och beslut samt hur balansen mellan neutralitet och personlig prägel hanteras i stylingarbetet. Studien bygger på en kvalitativ forskningsansats med induktivt förhållningssätt och utgår från åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med stylister och fastighetsmäklare. Resultatet visar att styling inte enbart handlar om estetik utan även om att skapa en trovärdig livsstil som spekulanter kan identifiera sig med. En väl genomförd styling väcker trygghet, trivsel och förtroende medan en överdriven eller missvisande presentation riskerar att skapa kognitiv dissonans efter köpet. Studien visar också att begreppet neutralitet inte är objektivt utan speglar kulturella normer som kan exkludera vissa målgrupper. Homestyling kräver därför både estetisk känsla och anpassningsförmåga till bostadens karaktär, målgruppen och den sociala kontexten
Lärdomar från verkliga nätverk: Ett maskininlärningsramverk för smart SRS-resurstilldelning i 5G-basstationer
No full textModern society increasingly depends on fast and reliable wireless communication, driven bythe rise of emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart infrastructure,and a growing number of mobile users. These developments are creating a surge in datademand, pushing wireless networks to become more efficient and scalable.To meet this challenge, 5G networks rely on advanced technologies like Massive MIMO,where large numbers of antennas at base stations work together to transmit data moreeffectively. One promising technique within Massive MIMO is reciprocity-based precoding,which can outperform the standard codebook-based approach by transmitting data moreefficiently. However, reciprocity depends on specific channel estimates, which is based ondevices transmitting something called Sounding Reference Signals (SRS). Because SRSresources are limited, especially in dense urban settings, the network must make smartdecisions about which users should be granted access to them.This thesis investigates how machine learning can support more effective SRS resourceallocation. Using real-world data from a commercial 5G network, a system was developedto estimate each user’s spectral efficiency under two transmission strategies: one usingcodebook-based precoding and the other using reciprocity-based precoding. These predictions help determine whether a user would benefit from being allocated SRS resources forreciprocity-based transmission.The results show that the machine learning models were able to predict spectral efficiencywith good accuracy for both transmission methods. However, they were less effective atestimating the performance gain from switching to reciprocity. Despite this limitation,the models still provide a useful tool for guiding SRS allocation decisions. With furtherdevelopment, this approach could help networks operate more efficiently and respond moreintelligently to increasing data demands
Digitalization and brokerage : A qualitative study of the impact of digitalization on the real estate agent’s customer relationships
No full textProtect Without Suffocating : The Child’s Voice and Rights in Cases Involving Psychiatric Involuntary Care
No full textAdapting to Rising Seas : Urban Planning and Governance Strategies for Sea-Level Rise in Swedish Coastal Municipalities
No full textThis thesis investigates urban planning and governance strategies for addressing sea-level rise (termed SLR) in a select number of southern Swedish coastal municipalities where exposure is greater due to less land uplift. Methodlogically, it uses a multiple-case study design, combined with document analysis, and interviews with municipal civil servants, along with topographical mapping to show local conditions. The findings show varying levels of adaptation in planning, influenced by local geophysical conditions, institutional capacity and perceived uncertainty in SLR projections. The larger municipalities, like Malmö and Helsingborg demonstrate more developed plans, with a presence of long-term planning, for instance; by changing to green infrastructure. However, these still battle with the difficulty of constructing solutions that cover the entire coastline, as responsibility is shared between property owners and the municipality. Contrastingly, smaller municipalities are challenged with resource constraints, and similar responsibility concerns - resulting in approaches that are largely incremental. In its theoretical framework the study utilizes and applies three theories; multi-level governance, transformational adaptation, and adaptive governance to show the impact of governance structures in managing uncertainties in climate adaptation. The study concludes that while adaptation measures are present, transformational and large scale ones are limited, due to financial and legal hurdles.
The EU's Normative Power in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Power Dynamics and Policy Challenges
No full textThe ongoing conflict between Israel and Palestine remains one of the longest-standing and most complex geopolitical challenges in the world, drawing significant attention from global actors, including the EU. For decades, the EU has played a significant role in the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, aiming to promote peace and stability in the region. However, the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has raised critical questions about the EU’s security and its future role in global affairs. This paper provides a qualitative analysis of the EU’s influence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, focusing on its normative power. The study draws on two key theories of power: realism, which emphasizes the pursuit of national interests through traditional means such as force and coercion, and normative power, which highlights the EU's ability to shape international norms, values, and policies through example and persuasion. The analysis focuses on significant speeches by EC President Ursula von der Leyen and former High Representative Josep Borrell (2019-2024) to assess the EU's approach to the ongoing conflict and evaluate its effectiveness in shaping outcomes towards a two-state solution . These speeches offer insights into how the EU balances its normative commitments with its geopolitical interests, particularly in light of rising security challenges within Europe. The findings suggest that the EU's influence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is constrained by internal divisions and competing national interests, limiting its capacity to act as a cohesive normative power. Ultimately, this research assesses whether the EU can maintain its role as a credible actor in global diplomacy, especially in promoting peace and conflict resolution in a complex geopolitical landscape
Meeting students in the craft room : A qualitative study of how craft teachers treat students in craft lessons
No full textGenom slöjdämnet ska eleverna ges förutsättningar till att utveckla kunskaper i olika hantverk. Elever ska utveckla förmågan att arbeta med olika material. Undervisningen ska även ge eleverna förutsättningar att utveckla idéer, framställa föremål, överväga olika lösningar och reflektera resultat. Detta är i stor sett beroende av lärares olika syften och egna didaktiska, metodiska och organisatoriska förutsättningar. Genom det fenomenologiska perspektivet undersöks hur slöjdlärarna bemöter elever i slöjdsalen, där fokus ligger på slöjdlärarstrategier, förhållningssätt, introducering av ett arbetsområde och utformningen av undervisningen. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer har sammanlagt sex slöjdlärare i båda trä- och metall och textilslöjd svarat på frågor om hur de bemöter elever i olika situationer. Resultatet visar att olika strategier används av slöjdlärare när eleverna behöver hjälp så som: att visa på eget alster, fråga en kompis, försök själv, organisatoriskt stöd, stöd för lärandet och emotionellt stöd. Slöjdlärares förhållningssätt präglas av följande: eleverna kan påverka utformandet och arbetsprocess, eleverna ska befästa kunskaper genom reflektion, eleverna ska ta ansvar och äga sitt arbete, kunna lösa problem utan lärarens hjälp, jobba mer självständigt och, viktigt att alla elever blir sedda. Resultatet visar att slöjdlärare utformar undervisningen utifrån kursupplägg där hantverkstekniker, material och verktyg ligger mest i fokus. Det visar sig att introducering av ett arbetsområde varierar beroende på situation där både fiktiv och konkret kommunikation används i samband med digitala verktyg.
Urban Heat Islands in Malmö : Causes, consequences, and possible solutions to urban heat islands
No full text Urban heat island is a new phenomena that during the past few years has emerged as a more relevant topic within the Swedish urban planning context. The purpose of this essay is to analyze how Malmö City works to map and counteract urban heat islands as well as presenting what further can and should be done in relation to urban heat islands in the future. The essay presents public documents available from Malmö City and shows how the city has identified the problem and what is being done to mitigate it. The city’s future hopes and the work that is being done, but not presented in public documents, is also presented in the essay. The study shows that Malmö City as well as us have identified that heat islands exist in Malmö and that they tend to occur within industrial areas. There are even some tools, such as green area factor (grönytefaktor) that are used by the city to attempt to mitigate heat islands through implementing physical changes. The essay also presents an analysis of heat islands in Malmö done by us where we present how urban heat islands can be defined and what causes its spread with help from the literature review. Within our own analysis areas that have been identified as heat islands are presented and site visits are performed in these areas. The areas are Hamnens industrial area, Fosieby industrial area, and Bulltofta industrial area. The essay uses a mix of methods that is based on interviews, document analysis, data analysis based on mapping and statistics, and site visits to better understand the environment of the selected areas. Interviews were conducted with environmental strategists from Malmö and Stockholm City in order to give a deeper understanding for how Malmö City works in relation to the issue as well as understanding what can be done further through gaining inspiration from Stockholm City, which is one of the leading cities in Sweden in regards to the subject. Document analysis is also a method used to build a better overview of how Malmö City views and are working on the issue. The site visits and data analysis were used to get a deeper understanding for how the places are formed and identify what needs to be done. The results show that urban heat islands are a widespread problem that exists in Malmö’s industrial areas. Urban heat islands show to be highly connected to the amount of hard surface, greenery, and the characteristics of the city in the same way as is explained in the literature review. The essay also shows the difficulties with working to mitigate urban heat islands in Sweden, something that occurs due to several different reasons. Today, the guidelines are unclear and there is no law that requires cities to mitigate urban heat islands. All of the work being done by cities today is a result of their own initiative to work with the problem. Unclear definitions for what a heat island is also causes challenges for identifying and mapping the problem. Malmö city is actively working to mitigate urban heat islands through several different methods. Raising awareness and implementing physical changes is at the foundation of this work. The essay also writes about possible policy changes that can be done to simplify the work with mitigating urban heat islands
"It's not that We Get Answers that Matters, it's that We Ask the Question." : Asking Questions About Sexuality and Sexual Health in Women's Clinics in a Central Swedish Region. A Mixed-Methods Study
No full text Bakgrund: Sexualiteten är en viktig del av en människas liv och påverkar både fysiskt och psykiskt välbefinnande. Trots detta visar forskning att sexuell hälsa sällan lyfts inom vården. För att främja sexuell och reproduktiv hälsa lanserade Folkhälsomyndigheten år 2020 den nationella SRHR-strategin. Ett av strategins delmål, sexualitet och sexuell hälsa har hittills fått mindre fokus inom vården, det finns därför ett behov av att undersöka hur detta delmål kan ges större utrymme. Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att få ökad kunskap om vårdpersonalens kännedom om SRHR och den nationella SRHR -strategin samt att undersöka vilka faktorer som möjliggör och hindrar att frågor om sexuell hälsa ställs. Metod:Uppsatsen har en mixad metodansats och bygger på en kvantitativ enkätundersökning (n=460) samt två kvalitativa fokusgruppsintervjuer samt en parintervju. Resultat: Resultaten visar att 65 % av respondenterna känner till begreppet SRHR medan 62 % saknar kännedom om den nationella SRHR-strategin. Läkare och barnmorskor uppger att de ställer frågor om sexuell hälsa men inte alltid. Till skillnad från barnmorskor och läkare visar resultaten att det är ovanligt att undersköterskor ställer frågor om sexuell hälsa. Fokusgruppsintervjuerna resulterade i två huvudteman ”Faktorer som möjliggör eller hindrar samtal om sexualitet och sexuell hälsa” samt ”Verktyg som möjliggör för frågor om sexualitet och sexuell hälsa”. Analysen som grundar sig i Sexuella skript-teorin, organisationsteori inom offentlig sektor samt modellerna PLISSIT och Ex-PLISSIT, visar att förutsättningarna att arbeta med sexuell hälsa påverkas av den vårdsökande, vårdpersonalens kunskap och attityder, arbetsplatsens kultur, samt ledningens engagemang. Slutsats:Studien belyser behovet av ett tydligt ledarskap, kontinuerlig utbildning och organisatoriskt stöd för att integrera frågor om sexuell hälsa i det kliniska arbetet. Nyckelord: SRHR, Sexualitet, sexuell hälsa, vårdpersonal, kommunikation, mixad metodBackground: Sexuality is an important part of a person's life and affects both physical and mental well-being. Despite this, research shows that sexual health is rarely addressed in healthcare settings. To promote sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR), the Public Health Agency of Sweden launched a national SRHR strategy in 2020. One of the strategy's sub-goals—sexuality and sexual health—has so far received limited attention in healthcare. It is therefore importent to explore how this sub-goal can be given greater emphasis. Aim: This thesis aims to increase knowledge about healthcare professionals’ awareness of SRHR and the national SRHR strategy, and to investigate the factors that might enable or hinder discussions about sexual health in clinical practice. Method: The thesis employs a mixed-methods approach and is based on a quantitative survey (n = 460), two qualitative focus group interviews, and one paired interview. Results: The results show that 65% of respondents are familiar with the concept of SRHR, while 62% lack awareness of the national SRHR strategy. Doctors and midwives report that they sometimes ask about sexual health, whereas assistant nurses rarely do so. The focus group interviews resulted in two main themes: “Factors that enable or hinder conversations about sexuality and sexual health” and “Tools that support asking questions about sexuality and sexual health.” The analysis, grounded in Sexual Script Theory, public sector organizational theory, and the PLISSIT and Ex-PLISSIT models, demonstrates that the conditions for working with sexual health are influenced by the patient, the healthcare professional’s knowledge and attitudes, the workplace culture, and leadership engagement. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for clear leadership, ongoing education, and organizational support to integrate sexual health issues into routine clinical care