University West
Not a member yet
5762 research outputs found
Sort by
“Maybe I would never have found the reading homework boring if I got to choose the book myself” : a qualitative study on student´s attitudes towards reading homework
No full textBakgrund: Läsläxan är vanligt förekommande på skolor, men det har synliggjorts en variation i hur läsläxan är utformad. Läsning beskrivs ha en betydande roll i skolans verksamhet där undervisningen ska utveckla ett läsintresse. Vidare är läsläxan som aktivitet avsedd att väcka läslust, dock framgår det inte hur läsläxan förstärker elevers inre motivation till att läsa. Samtidigt har det visat sig att unga läser allt mindre både i skolan och på fritiden, trots att det förmedlas som betydelsefullt att investera tid för läsning då ett samband visar sig finns mellan elevers attityder till läsning och deras läsförmåga. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka intervjuade elevers attityder till läsläxan och hur deras attityder eventuellt kan skifta beroende på om litteraturen är egenvald eller lärarbestämd. Metod: Metoden som använts för att besvara studiens frågeställningar är kvalitativ och består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv elever från två olika skolor. Vår insamlade data analyserades genom tematisk analys. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar att det finns olika attityder till läsläxan och att tidigare forskning visat att elevernas attityder kan påverka läsmotivationen. Vidare framkommer det att en majoritet av eleverna uttryckte att de skulle varit mer positivt inställda till läsläxan om de fick välja litteratur. Dessutom kan elevernas delaktighet i valet av litteratur leda till inre motivation
Factors that can cause an increased risk of individuals practicing domestic violence : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Våld i nära relation är ett stort samhällsproblem som finns världen över. Våldet som sker kommer i olika former och har negativa konsekvenser för den våldsutövande, våldsutsatta och för samhället. Det är av stor vikt att utöka de preventiva och återfallsförebyggande insatserna för våldsutövare. Genom ökad kunskap om riskfaktorer hos våldsutövare kan personal inom människovårdande yrken lättare identifiera de individer som behöver vård och stöd. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva faktorer som kan orsaka en ökad risk att individer utövar våld i nära relation. Metod: Litteraturöversikt användes som metod och totalt 14 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades utifrån Fribergs beskrivning av analys i kapitlet ”Att göra en litteraturöversikt av kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning” . Resultat: De huvudteman som framkom under analysen var ”Sårbarhet i form av hjärnskada, psykisk ohälsa och barndomstrauma”,” Bristande anknytning och svårighet att reglera känslor” och ”Alkoholkonsumtion samt behov av makt och kontroll”. Resultatet visade att huvudtemana kan vara faktorer som orsakar en ökad risk att individer utövar våld i nära relation. Slutsats: Faktorer som ökar risken att individer utövar våld i nära relation kommer sällan ensamma. För att möjliggöra ett effektivt arbete med våldsutövare är det av stor betydelse för personal inom människovårdande yrken att ha kunskap om dess komplexitet där samverkan mellan olika aktörer är av betydelse. Med fördjupad kunskap om eventuella riskfaktorer får yrkesutövare inom hälso- och sjukvården samt socialtjänsten en bredare förståelse som kan gynna arbetet med våldsutövare.Background: Domestic violence is a major social problem that exists worldwide. The violence that occurs comes in various forms and has negative consequences for the perpetrator, the victim of violence and for the society. It is of great importance to expand preventive and relapse prevention efforts for perpetrators of violence. Through increased knowledge of risk factors in perpetrators of violence, staff in human care professions can more easily identify the individuals who need care and support. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe factors that may cause an increased risk of individuals practicing domestic violence. Method: A literature review was conducted and a total of 14 scientific articles were analyzed based on Friberg's description of analysis in the chapter "Making a literature review of quantitative and qualitative research". Results: The main themes that emerged during the analysis were "Vulnerability in terms of brain damage, mental illness and childhood trauma", "Lack of attachment and difficulty regulating emotions", "Alcohol consumption and the need for power and control". The results showed that the main themes can be factors that cause an increased risk of individuals practicing domestic violence. Conclusion: Factors that increase the risk of individuals practicing domestic violence rarely occur alone. In order to enable effective work with perpetrators of violence, it is of great importance for staff in human care professions to have knowledge of its complexity. With in-depth knowledge of possible risk factors, professionals in healthcare and social services gain a broader understanding that can benefit work with perpetrators of violence
To be in the shadow behind the walls : A literature review on the inmates experiences of how the prison environment affects mental health.
No full textBakgrund: Forskning har visat att både brottsligheten och psykisk ohälsa ökar i samhället. Psykisk ohälsa är också vanligt förekommande i fängelset, där fängelsemiljön kan medföra socialt stigma, isolering och osäkerhet som i sin tur kan påverka välbefinnandet negativt. Syfte: Att belysa hur fängelsemiljön påverkar den psykiska hälsan utifrån de intagnas erfarenheter. Metod: Litteraturöversikt användes som metod och fyra systematiska sökningar genomfördes i databaserna APA Psykinfo och Cinahl, vilket resulterade i att nio artiklar hittades till resultatet. Ytterligare en artikel hittades genom en sekundär osystematisk sökning och inkluderades i resultatet. Litteraturen analyserades sedan med hjälp av Aveyards tematiska analysmodell. Resultat: Analysen identifierade tre teman och sju subteman som bildade resultatet. Det visade sig att de intagna hade både negativa och positiva erfarenheter av fängelsemiljön och dess påverkan på den psykiska hälsan. Vikten av att personalen hade ett etiskt förhållningssätt och använde sin makt på rätt sätt framkom också.Slutsats: Att fängelsemiljön, som inkluderade både den psykosociala, andliga och fysiska miljön, kunde ha både en positiv och negativ inverkan på den psykiska hälsan, men majoriteten av erfarenheterna av fängelsemiljön var negativa.Background: Research has shown that both crime rates and mental health issues are increasing in society. Mental health problems are also commonly found in prisons, where the prison environment can lead to social stigma, isolation, and uncertainty, which in turn can negatively affect mental health. Aim: To illuminate how the prison environment affects mental health based on the experiences of the inmates.Method: A literature review was used as the method, with four systematic searches conducted in the databases APA PsycInfo and CINAHL, resulting in nine articles being included in the review. An additional article was found through a secondary unsystematic search and was included in the results. The literature was then analyzed using Aveyard's thematic analysis model. Results: The analysis identified three themes and seven subthemes that formed the results. It was found that inmates had both negative and positive experiences of the prison environment and its impact on mental health. The importance of the staff having an ethical approach and using their power correctly also emerged.Conclusion: The prison environment, including both the psychosocial, spiritual, and physical aspects, could have both positive and negative effects on mental health, but the majority of experiences of the prison environment were negative
Wire arc additive manufacturing using high-strength steel tubular and solid wires
No full textWire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) utilizes wire as the feedstock and welding arc as the heat source. While Solid Wires (SW) are common, exploration of tubular wires such as Metal Cored Wires (MCW) in Additive Manufacturing (AM) is limited. MCW offers flexibility for alloy design, but both SW and MCW can create silicon islands on welds, affecting mechanical properties and processability. This study uses Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) in Cold Metal Transferred (CMT) mode to compare SW and MCW deposits with different gases. MCW shows more uniform penetration, potentially reducing lack of fusion in AM layers. A novel approach is then used to modify the MCW to minimize silicate formation, reducing islands on the surface. Comparative analysis shows a significant reduction and change in the location of silicates with modified MCW compared to standard, with mechanical properties in as-welded and after post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) remaining comparable to the standard wire.CC BY 4.0</p
Friendship matters : An interview study with adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
No full textAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition diagnosed in 5% of children and adolescents. This neurodevelopmental condition causes impaired academic, social, and occupational functioning. Adolescents with ADHD symptoms have lower health-related quality of life and children with ADHD have been described as having difficulties forming positive friendships. Therefore, the aim was to describe how 15–17-year-old adolescents with ADHD experience friendship with peers. A semi-structured interview study was conducted with twelve adolescents about their experiences of friendships. The adolescents were recruited from a Swedish psychiatry clinic. A qualitative content analysis was used. In the results, three main categories were constructed: "Bonding with Friends" underscores the importance of understanding, shared interests, and adaptability. The "One’s own role" category emphasises the dynamic interplay of self-perception and interpersonal behaviours in interaction with friends. The "How Friendship Matters" category describes the complex nature of friendships, involving both support and conflicts. The adolescents’ relationships improved with age, influenced by self-awareness, ADHD medication and support from adults. In conclusion, friendships play a crucial role in the well-being of the participants, providing vital support when navigating ADHD associated challenges. It is essential that the adolescents themselves, but also adults and healthcare providers, recognise and address their impulsivity issues and need for daily planning. We should assist adolescents in developing effective interaction strategies with friends. The study highlights the significance of friendships and peer support for the adolescents’ health and functioning.CC-BY 4.0This work was supported by Ekhagastiftelsen (2020-16 to ACR), Majblommans Riksförbund (27 to ACR),Ebba Danelius Stiftelse (to ACR), and Fonden för rehabilitering och medicinsk forskning (FRF)-Foundation (to ACR)</p
How does the collaboration between neonatal staff and delivery staff work in the delivery room during ventilation with late umbilical cord removal?
No full textBakgrund: I Sverige föds det mellan 86 000–120 000 barn per år och har gjorts sedan 70-talet. Av alla barn som föds behöver 10% vårdas på neonatalavdelning, en tredjedel vårdas på grund av prematuritet och två tredjedelar för andra hälsoproblem som exempelvis andningsstörning och infektion. Det har gjorts studier på djur där avnavling utförts innan gasutbytet i lungan har etablerats, där kan ses att cirkulationen allvarligt försämras. Resultatet i dessa studier har lett fram till den pågående SAVE-studien där nyfödda barn återupplivas med intakt navelsträng. Det innebär att stimulering, luftvägsrensning och ventilation sker utan att navelsträngen klampas och klipps. SAVE-studien syftar till att undersöka om barn i behov av återupplivning efter födseln återhämtar sig snabbare och om järndepåerna blir högre om navelsträngen klipps vid ett senare skede. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa samarbetet mellan neonatalpersonal och förlossningspersonal på förlossningsrummet vid ventilation med intakt navelsträng.Metod: Denna kvalitativa studie är en del av en nationell multicenterstudie vid namn Sustained cord circulation And Ventilation (SAVE) vars syfte är att implementera och utvärdera ventilation med intakt navelsträng för alla barn i Sverige. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman med induktiv ansats valdes för att besvara studiens syfte. Den kvalitativa studiedesignen valdes för att förklara, analysera och identifiera mönster. Resultat: Kommunikationen blev påverkad på förlossningsrummet vid ventilation med sen avnavling. Det upplevdes svårt att tala fritt när föräldrarna var närvarande, vilket försvårade samarbetet för teamet. Neonatalpersonalen tyckte att det var svårt att överlämna uppgiften att kontrollera utrustningen för återupplivning till förlossningspersonalen, denna rutin fanns på vissa sjukhus. Ibland fungerade inte utrustningen när kontroller genomfördes eller när utrustningen skulle användas vid en återupplivningssituation. Det upplevdes trångt på förlossningsrummet med mycket apparatur i vägen, vilket försvårade samarbetet. För att förbättra samarbetet önskade flertalet deltagare i studien mer scenarioträning tillsammans med förlossningspersonalen. Slutsats: Det finns svårigheter med samarbetet på förlossningssalen vid återupplivning med intakt navelsträng. Samarbetssvårigheterna uppstår bland annat vid hantering av utrustning, kommunikationsproblem och arbete på liten yta. Samarbetssvårigheterna kan lösas med hjälp av teamövningar och en öppen kommunikation.Background: In Sweden, between 86 000 and 120 000 newborns are born each year, a trend that has continued since the 1970s. Of all the newborns, 10 % require care in neonatal units. One-third of these newborns are admitted due to prematurity, while the remaining two-thirds face other health issues such as respiratory problems and infections. There have been studies on animals where early cord clamping before lung gas exchange is established leads to a serious deterioration in circulation. The findings from these studies have informed the ongoing SAVE-study, where newborns are resuscitated with the intact umbilical cord. The SAVE-study aims to investigate whether infants in need of resuscitation after birth recover more quickly when the cord is cut at a later stage. Aim: The study's purpose was to highlight the collaboration between neonatal staff and delivery room personnel during ventilation using the intact umbilical cord.Method: This qualitative study is part of a national multicenter study called Sustained Cord Circulation and Ventilation (SAVE), which aims to implement and evaluate ventilation using the intact umbilical cord for all infants in Sweden. Qualitative content analysis, following the approach by Graneheim and Lundman, was selected as method to address the study’s purpose. The qualitative study design was chosen to explain, analyze, and identify patterns. Results: Communication was affected in the delivery room during ventilation with late umbilical cord removal. It was perceived as difficult to speak freely when the parents were present, which made collaboration difficult for the team. Neonatal staff found it difficult to hand over the task of checking the resuscitation equipment to delivery staff, this routine existed in some hospitals. Sometimes the equipment did not work when checks were carried out or when the equipment was to be used in resuscitation situations. It felt cramped in the delivery room with a lot of equipment in the way, which made collaboration difficult. To improve collaboration, most participants in the study wanted more scenario training with the delivery staff. Conclusion: There are difficulties with collaboration in the delivery room during resuscitation with an intact umbilical cord. The cooperation difficulties arise, among other things, when handling equipment, communication problems and working on a small surface. The difficulties in cooperation can be solved with the help of team exercises and open communication
Patients´ experiences of digital care in primary health care
No full textBakgrund: Sverige har som målsättning år 2025 att vara ledande i världen i användandet av digital vård. Digitaliseringen erbjuder möjligheter att förbättra vården och göra den mer tillgänglig för fler patientgrupper som i nuläget har svårt att få den hjälp som de behöver. Digitaliseringen nämns även som en viktig faktor i att göra vården mer effektiv samt möjlighet att arbeta förebyggande. Vidare erbjuder digitaliseringen möjlighet att tillgodose fler människors vårdbehov, vilket medför att vården blir mer effektiv för hela samhället. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters erfarenheter av digital vård inom primärvård. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod. En tematisk innehållsanalys enligt Bettany-Saltkov och McSherrys analysmetod. Artiklarna har lästs igenom, granskats och sammanställts till ett resultat. Resultat: Resultatet bygger på totalt 12 vetenskapliga artiklar. Valda artiklar är kvalitativa studier. Efter att vi läst och analyserat de valda artiklarna, framträdde två huvudteman. De två huvudteman var “Positiv inverkan av digital vård” och “Utmaningar vid användandet av digital vård”. “Positiv inverkan av digital vård” delas in i fyra subteman: “Ökad delaktighet i vård”, “Att känna sig trygg och bekväm”, “Ökad tillgänglighet” och ”Främja jämlikhet i vård”. “Utmaningar vid användandet av digital vård” delas in i fyra subtema: “Förstå och använda teknik i kontakt med vården” “Bibehålla integritet vid digital vård”, “Omställning från fysisk till digital vård” och “Otillräcklig uppföljning”. Slutsats: Digital vård kan öka patienters delaktighet i vårdprocessen. Delaktighet främjas genom att patienter får bättre tillgång till information, inflytande över beslutsfattande och direkt kommunikation med vårdgivare. Några utmaningar tillgång till bredbandsuppkoppling och digital kompetens är avgörande. Särskilt äldre och patienter med funktionsnedsättningar kan behöva extra stöd och anpassningar. Det är av vikt att upprätthålla en stark relation mellan patient och vårdgivare. Kontinuerlig kommunikation och uppföljning spelar en nyckel och sjuksköterskans roll, kompetens och stöd är vitala delar. Digital vård kan vara ett värdefullt komplement till traditionell vård. Det kräver dock en kontinuerlig utveckling av teknik och vårdpersonalens kompetens samt fokus på individuella behov. Detta är avgörande för att öka delaktigheten, jämlikheten, personcentrerad och effektiv vård. Background: Sweden's goal in 2025 is to be a world leader in the use of digital care. Digitization offers opportunities to improve care and make it more accessible to more patient groups who currently have difficulty getting the help they need. Digitization is also mentioned as an important factor in making care more efficient and working prophylactically. Furthermore, digitization offers the opportunity to meet more peoples care needs, which means that care becomes more efficient for the whole of society. Aim: The aim was to illuminate patients' experiences of digital care in primary health care. Method: A systematic literature review with a qualitative method. A thematic content analysis according to Bettany-Saltkov and McSherry analysis method was used. The articles have been read through, reviewed, and compiled into a result. Results: The result is based on 12 scientific articles. Selected articles are qualitative studies and. After reading an analyzing the selected articles for the result, two main themes emerged. The two main themes based on the results are “Positive impacts of digital care“ and “Challenges in the use of digital care”. “Positive impacts of digital care” are divided into four sub-themes: “Increased participation in care”, “To feel safe and comfortable”, “Increased availability” and “Promote equality in care. “Challenges in the use of digital care” were divided into four subthemes: “Understand and use technology in contact with care”, “Maintaining integrity in digital care”, “Transition from physical to digital care” and “Inadequate follow-up”. Conclusion: Digital care can increase patients' participation in the care process. Participation is promoted by patients getting better access to information, in-depth decision-making and direct communication with healthcare providers. Some challenges are access to broadband connection and digital skills are crucial. Especially the elderly and patients with disabilities may need extra support and adaptations. It is important to maintain a strong relationship between patient and caregiver. Continuous communication and follow-up play a key role and the nurse's role, competence and support are vital parts. Digital care can be a valuable complement to traditional care. However, a continuous development of technology and the competence of the healthcare staff as well as a focus on individual needs is required. This is crucial to increase participation, equality, person-centred and efficient care
Exploring Leadership in the Hybrid Workplace
No full textThe workplace and work life has changed due to advances in digital technology, which has increased distributed work. Many organizations no longer work in a physical office, but in a hybrid workplace where organizational members work both remotely, using digital technology, and in the physical office. This literature review explores and examines the existing research on leadership in hybrid workplaces. While there is a large body of research on e-leadership and numerous studies on the pandemic, there is a paucity of research on the leadership of hybrid workplaces, which is crucial in the present workplace. Hence, this paper is a systematic review of the literature that addresses leadership in the hybrid workplace across disciplines. A total of 48 papers from six databases were analyzed and interpreted. This review reveals the different but complementary disciplinary focus contributing to developing the knowledge of leadership in the hybrid workplace. It also presents a comprehensive overview of changes to the workplace and the critical challenges leaders face with the abrupt switch to the new structure of the workplace. This work has significant learning points for leadership practice in the contemporary workplace. It offers a conceptualization of hybrid leadership, along with propositions for future research.CC BY</p
Insights into Digital Healthcare Meetings : Examining Perspectives and Navigating Challenges among Healthcare Professionals : A Case Study on NU Hospital Group
No full textRecent advancements in digital technology have revolutionized healthcare, transforming how medical services are delivered and how patients and physicians interact. Telemedicine consultations have become a new way of providing primary healthcare in Sweden and around the world in recent years. Digital healthcare meetings, an integral component of telemedicine, refer to virtual interactions conducted through digital platforms that facilitate communication between healthcare professionals and patients. These meetings encompass a range of activities, including consultations, diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up care, all carried out remotely. There is a notable gap in understanding health professionals' perceptions of digital healthcare meetings, which this study aims to address by examining their views, challenges, and areas for improvement. This explorative qualitative study used semi-structured interviews. Total of 9 healthcare professionals at NU Hospital Group in a western region of Sweden were participated in the interview. Data was subjected to a seven-phase thematic analysis process, using NVivo software. A total of seven themes were identified from the analysis. The results indicate that that a hybrid model that integrates both is the most effective way to meet the diverse needs of patients and healthcare providers. The Key findings reveal that while DHMs are appreciated for their ability to facilitate follow-up consultations, improving accessibility and flexibility, there is a notable need for improvements in user interface design and technical reliability on the DHM platform to enhance their effectiveness and integration into regular healthcare practices. Additionally, tailored training and enhanced organizational support are essential for addressing technical issues and ensuring effective use of DHMs in various healthcare settings
Yoga for children and adolescents : A decade-long integrative review on feasibility and efficacy in school-based and psychiatric care interventions.
No full textBACKGROUND: There has been a concerning rise in mental illness among children and adolescents. Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, and depression are the most prevalent diagnoses in this field. Research suggests that yoga as a complementary treatment offers relief from mental symptoms and has already been successfully applied in adult healthcare settings. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to provide an integrative summary of the existing research on the feasibility and effectiveness of yoga as a school-based intervention and complementary intervention in psychiatric care for children and adolescents. METHODS: An integrative literature review was conducted, employing a combined quantitative and qualitative approach. The review was based on 16 selected articles, which presented data from more than 1000 children and adolescents aged 5-19 years and encompassed a variety of study designs. Literature searches were carried out systematically and unsystematically in February 2023, across three chosen databases. RESULTS: Yoga interventions consistently yielded positive outcomes in multiple domains. In this review, the findings are categorized into five themes: alleviated symptoms of psychiatric conditions; strengthened self-control and behavioral changes; improved cognitive functioning; refined relaxation; enhanced well-being. By improving psychiatric symptoms, enhancing self-control, promoting relaxation, and fostering overall well-being, yoga offers a multifaceted approach toward improving mental and physical health in children and adolescents. CONCLUSION: This comprehensive review presents compelling evidence of the positive benefits of yoga as a complementary intervention for a wide range of psychological symptoms and cognitive functions in children and adolescents. In order to further validate and consolidate these findings, there is a pressing need for future studies to provide more robust evidence and a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of yoga as a complementary intervention in this context.CC-BY 4.0</p