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Munhälsoplanering. : En konceptuell modell baserad påsamverkan och person-centrerad vård
No full textOral hälsa är avgörande för allmän hälsa. I både teori och praktik tycks dock aspekter gällande oral hälsa vara svåra att integrera med övergripande vårdprocesser. Särskilt äldre personer med risk för skörhet kan drabbas av dålig oral hälsa, vilket leder till minskad livskvalitet. Globalt har hinder för integrering av oral hälsa och allmän hälsa konstaterats på mikro-, meso- och makronivå i samhället. Därmed är det indicerat att utforska dessa tidigare beskrivna hinder med hjälp av teorier och praktiker för lärande vid munhälsoplanering. Bristande oral hälsa kan till stor del förebyggas, och en förutsättning för det tycks vara lärande. Syftet med denna avhandling är således att utveckla en konceptuell modell för personcentrerad munhälsoplanering genom arbetsintegrerat lärande. Baserat på teorin om expansivt lärande och en övergripande aktionsforskningsansats, samlades data in genom tre interventioner som byggde på samverkan mellan äldre personer och personal från tandvård och kommunal omsorg. Resultatet baseras på mixade metoder, inklusive totalt 50 individuella intervjuer (Studie I, II och III) med äldre personer (n=24), tandhygienister (n=13) och sjuksköterskor (n=13) i kommunal verksamhet. Därutöver ingick registerdata, en kursutvärdering samt protokoll från multi-professionella möten i kommunal verksamhet (Studie II). Dessutom omfattar data transkriptioner från 24 teambaserade munhälsobedömningar som genomfördes i äldre personers hemmiljö (Studie III). I Studie IV föreslås en plan för en utvärdering av en ny personcentrerad, multi-professionell arbetsmodell för munhälsobedömningar i hemmiljö. Interventionerna, som bygger på samverkan, verkar främja en ny typ av aktörskap som gör det möjligt för deltagare att lära sig vad som är värdefullt för olika aktörer. En förutsättning för detta är att på olika sätt ha tillgång till ett gemensamt område där kunskap kan integreras. Med de förutsättningarna, kan lärande i samverkan möjliggöras där deltagare kan hjälpas åt att återuppfinna sig själva och vidga sina egna och andras horisonter. vii Baserat på de övergripande resultaten föreslås slutligen en konceptuell modell som innehåller nyckelfaktorer för personcentrerad munhälsoplanering i samverkan. Modellen representerar alla deltagares unika kunskaper, formad av sin omgivning. Varje deltagare bidrar med sin egen förståelse, formad av sitt sammanhang och sin historia. Deltagarnas kollektiva, gemensamma förståelse har potential att influera munhälsoplanering genom att skräddarsy den till att möta varje deltagares specifika behov, värderingar och preferenser.The body of evidence about how oral health and general health are intertwined is growing. However, aspects of oral health care seem to be difficult to integrate with general health care processes. Especially older adults with frailty are at risk of poor oral health and thereby also reduced quality of life. Globally, barriers to integration of oral health care aspect in health care processes have been identified on micro-, meso- and macro-levels. Notably, the prerequisites for integration all seem to rely on learning. Therefore, much could be gained from approaching these barriers to integration through theories and practices of learning when doing health care planning. As such, the aim of this thesis is to develop a conceptual model for person-centred oral health care planning through work-integrated learning. Using the theory of expansive learning and with an overall action research approach, data was gathered through three interventions based on collaboration between older adults and staff in dental and municipal care. Mixed methods we reused including individual interviews (Study I, II and III), totalling 50 interviews with older adults (n=24), dental hygienists (n=13) and nurses (n=13) in municipal care organisations. Additional data include data from a Swedish quality register, a course evaluation and protocols from multi-professional meetings in municipal care organisations (Study II) as well as transcriptions from 24 teambased oral assessments conducted in older adults’ home settings (Study III). In Study IV, a plan for an evaluation of a new person-centred, multiprofessional work model for oral assessments in home settings is put forward. The interventions based on collaboration appear to foster a novel type of agency, allowing all participants to understand what holds value for each party. A prerequisite for this is to, in different ways, share translational areas for knowledge to be integrated. Under these conditions, learning can be characterised as expansive and empowering, prompting participants to reinvent themselves and broaden their own and others’ horizons. From the overall findings a conceptual model with key determinants to facilitate person-centred, collaborative oral health care planning is proposed. It schematically represents the role of all participants and their unique context. Each participant brings their own understanding, shaped and created by their contexts and history. The participants’ shared, collective understanding has the potential to influence oral health care planning by tailoring it to meet the specific needs, values and preferences of each participant
Nurses’ experiences of providing nursing care to patients with suicidal behavior : a literature-based study
No full textBackground: Suicide is a global health problem. There are several risk factors that can trigger patients to commit suicide. The risk of suicidal behavior increases when multiple risk factors interact. At the same time, suicide prevention is crucial for individuals, families, and societal well-being. However, nurses feel unprepared and uncertain about providing suitable care for these patients. Aim: The aim of this literature-based study was to describe nurses' experiences of providing nursing care to patients with suicidal behavior. Method: A literature-based study was conducted based on an analysis of qualitative research. Nine scientific articles were analyzed, resulting in three themes and six sub-themes. Results: Three themes were identified which are insufficient time, lack of knowledge, and working in an unsuitable environment. Nurses faced several difficulties in caring for patients with suicidal behavior, which prevented them from establishing a therapeutic relationship and restricted them in suicide risk assessment. Conclusion: Lack of time, insufficient knowledge among nurses, and improper surroundings have unsatisfactory outcomes. These shortcomings result in feelings of insecurity, stress and anxiety among nurses. These aspects need to be addressed not only to create a better working environment for nurses but also to promote patients' recovery from mental illness
Localized Phase and Elemental Mapping in Solid-State Lithium Battery LTO Anode Thin-Film Produced by a Novel Suspension Plasma Spray Approach
No full textThis study investigates the phase and elemental distribution in a suspension plasma-sprayed (SPS) Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) thin-film anode for solid-state lithium batteries, deposited on an SS-304 substrate. Advanced synchrotron-based µXRD and µXRF techniques were employed for micro-scale characterization, revealing distinct phase regions influenced by thermal exposure during the SPS process. The dominant Li4Ti5O12 phase was retained across most of the film, with localized transformations to secondary phases Li2Ti3O7, Li2TiO3, and TiO2 near the substrate interface, primarily due to prolonged high-temperature exposure and subsequent lithium loss. These findings underscore the importance of controlling SPS parameters to minimize lithium loss and optimize phase stability and interfacial integrity in solid-state battery components.CC BY 4.0</p
The associations between parenting practices and adolescent alcohol use across mid- and late adolescence : A cohort study from Sweden
No full textBackground and aims: The aim of the present study is to examine the associations between parenting practices and adolescent alcohol use in a longitudinal sample of adolescents from Sweden. Data and methods: A prospective longitudinal sample of 3,999 adolescents in a nationwide study (2017-2019) in Sweden filled out questionnaires. Baseline data (T1) was collected at age 15/16 and a two-year follow-up (T2) was conducted at age 17/18. Alcohol use was measured with AUDIT-C. Parental support and monitoring was measured at both time points with two questions for each dimension. Cross-sectional and prospective associations are examined using linear regressions. Findings: A significant negative association was found for both support and monitoring at both time-points in the crude models. Only monitoring remained significant in the adjusted models. Monitoring at T1 had a significant negative association with alcohol use at T2. Increases in both parenting practices between T1 and T2 was significantly associated with lower alcohol use at T2. Conclusions: Parenting factors during adolescence are closely associated with adolescent drinking. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing parental engagement, particularly in terms of parental monitoring, throughout mid- and late adolescence to prevent drinking
Improving competence for practice : a realist evaluation of co-produced master-level digital sexual health promotion courses for health and welfare professionals
No full textIntroduction: Sparse education on sexual health promotion for health and welfare professionals can lead to unequal sexual health care provision, with related needs and rights being insufficiently met. To improve knowledge for health and welfare professionals, co-production and shared learning are essential, as students’ learning, and professional development are facilitated by effective partnerships between universities and workplaces. Methods: Using a theoretical framework based on the concepts co-production, work-integrated learning, digital teaching and digital didactics, an initial programme theory was created. Thereafter, a realist evaluation was made of outcomes from five different digital master-level courses, all covering various aspects of sexual health promotion. Four data sources were used: 1) midway course evaluation from 32 students analysed with reflective thematic analysis, 2) focus group interviews with four teachers, analysed with reflective thematic analysis, 3) Students’ Attitudes to Sexual Health Extended survey pre- and post-test with 17 students, analysed with comparative statistics, and 4) learning analytics based on data from the digital tool FeedbackFruits, where interactions were analysed using a digital whiteboard). Results: The analysis resulted in a refined programme theory indicating that students found courses relevant for practice, became more comfortable talking about sexual health in practice and applied their learning in practice. Discussion: The study supports the value of co-production in developing and delivering digital master-level courses in sexual health promotion for professionals, and the added value of work-integrated learning in this setting and highlights the need for digital literacy among both students and teachers. Confirmation or contradiction of the findings should be tested in this and other settings, and preferably with a larger sample.CC BYFundingThe author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by The Norwegian Directory for Health (Helsedirektoratet) and The Department for Behavioural Sciences, Faculty for Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University</p
Leveraging Supervised Learning for Effective Road Anomaly Detection and Severity Estimation
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Nostalgia marketing, generation perspective
No full textUppsatsen undersöker hur olika generationer – Generation Z, Millennials, Generation X och Baby Boomers – uppfattar nostalgisk marknadsföring i digitala medier. Genom en kombination av enkätundersökning och kvalitativa intervjuer analyseras hur nostalgi påverkar upplevelsen av reklam och varumärken. Studien använder teorier om nostalgi och social identitet för att förstå hur personliga, interpersonella, kulturella, virtuella och historiska minnen formar individens reaktion på nostalgiska inslag. Resultatet visar att nostalgi upplevs olika beroende på generation, men att musik, filmer och gemensamma barndomsupplevelser väcker starkast känslor hos samtliga grupper. Viktigast för att nostalgisk reklam ska upplevas positivt är att den känns autentisk och kulturellt förankrad. Uppsatsen visar även att nostalgi är kopplad till identitetsskapande perioder i livet (framför allt mellan 15 och 25 år) och att känslan förstärks i sociala sam-manhang med nära och kära. Slutsatsen är att genuinitet är avgörande – när nostalgin känns påklistrad eller alltför kommersiellt upplevs den som mindre effektiv. Studien bidrar med ett unikt perspektiv genom att jämföra fyra generationer, vilket ger praktiska insikter för hur marknadsfö-ring kan anpassas för att skapa emotionell koppling till olika målgrupper.The thesis examines how different generations – Generation Z, Millennials, Generation X, and Baby Boomers – experience nostalgic marketing in digital media. Through a combination of surveys and qualitative interviews, it analyzes how nostalgia influences the experience of advertising and brands. The study uses theories of nostalgia and social identity to understand how personal, interpersonal, cultural, virtual, and historical mem-ories shape an individual's response to nostalgic elements. The results show that nostalgia is experienced differently depending on the generation, but music, movies, and shared experiences evoke the strongest emotions across all groups. The most important factor for nostalgic advertising to be perceived positively is that it feels authentic and culturally rooted. The thesis also demonstrates that nostalgia is often tied to identity-forming periods in life (especially between the ages of 15–25) and that the feeling is intensified in social contexts. The conclusion is that authenticity is crucial – when nostalgia feels forced or commer-cial, it is perceived as less effective. The study offers a unique perspective by comparing four generations, providing practical insights into how marketing can be tailored to cre-ate emotional connections with all generations or different target generations
Complex women : An intersectional film analysis of Arcane's (2021, 2024) female main characters
No full textOver time there has been a focus on creating good representation in media. When it comes to animated films and series a good portion of the studies on female main characters have been on Disney-productions. While that is good, series for older audiences haven’t received much attention. This study set out to see and analyse how a newer animated series, Arcane (2021, 2024), handled representation of its female main characters - Jinx and Vi. This study is a qualitative content analysis with a film-analytical, intersectional, norm critical and queer-feminist perspective. Where we go through the series and analyse how Arcane (2021, 2024) represent their female main characters and their roles in the story in a non-stigmatised way. With the character Vi being a queer woman and Jinx suffering with mental illness there lies a thin line between what is respectful and problematic. Through this study it’s found that Arcane (2021, 2024) manages to walk that line, the characters are not overly reliant on stereotypes and norms and they have shown that the characters are complex and three dimensional. Över tid har det varit fokus på att skapa god representation i media. När det gäller animerade filmer och serier har en stor del av studierna om kvinnliga huvudkaraktärer handlat om Disney-produktioner. Även om det är bra, har serier för en äldre publik inte fått mycket uppmärksamhet. Den här studien ska se och analysera hur en nyare animerad serie, Arcane (2021, 2024), hanterade representationen av sina kvinnliga huvudkaraktärer – Jinx och Vi. Studien är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys med ett filmanalytiskt, intersektionellt, normkritiskt och queer-feministisk perspektiv. Där vi går igenom serien och analyserar hur Arcane (2021, 2024) representerar sina kvinnliga huvudkaraktärer och deras roller i berättelsen på ett icke-stigmatiserande sätt. Eftersom karaktären Vi är en queer kvinna och Jinx lider av psykisk ohälsa finns det en tunn linje mellan vad som är respektfullt och problematiskt. Genom denna studie har det visat sig att Arcane (2021, 2024) lyckas gå på den linjen, att karaktärerna inte är alltför beroende av stereotyper och normer och att de har visat att karaktärerna är komplexa och tredimensionella
Design LCI Database for Sustainable Aerospace Repairs
No full textThe aviation industry is experiencing significant growth, resulting in increased wear on critical components such as engine blades. Repairing these components is a more sustainable alternative to replacement, but the repair processes themselves can be resource-intensive. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate and select repair strategies that minimize environmental impact. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is a well-established method for assessing the environ-mental impact of various processes. A critical step in LCA is Life Cycle Inventory (LCI), which involves collecting detailed data on resource consumption, emissions, and other environmental factors associated with a process. This thesis focuses on designing a database solution specifically tailored to the repair processes at GKN Aerospace. The database is designed to efficiently import data from ma-chines, securely store the data, and make it available for analysis. Additionally, it can export data in a standardized format compatible with other LCA software, enabling comprehensive sustainability assessments. By providing a reliable and scalable data management solution, this database can support informed decision-making, helping GKN Aerospace optimize their repair processes for enhanced sustainability
Kalibrerbart system f¨or detektering av termisk propagering i elfordonsbatterier
No full textThis study presents the development of a calibratable prototype system for detecting thermal propagation (TP) within a Battery Management System (BMS) for electric passenger vehicles. The primary objective was to identify key factors influencing the software development process, ensuring compliance with the relevant regulation UNECE R100, while maintaining flexibility for various battery types. Given the safety-critical nature of TP detection, the system was designed to be both timesensitive and precise, minimising the risk of false positive alerts to enhance passenger safety. The project scope was confined to batteries with high-reactivity chemistries, such as NMC-811, focusing on triggering timely alerts in the event of TP. A structured software engineering approach was adopted, supported by discussions with subject-matter experts at AFRY Sweden AB. In the absence of a physical battery pack and sensors, simulated data were utilised for functional testing alongside unit testing. This demonstrated the system’s capability to detect TP within 171 seconds of the initial measurement, indicating UNECE R100 requirements could be met with respect to the logical criteria set by AFRY and the data utilised. Although the software was designed to accommodate pressure sensor inputs, such measurements were unavailable for testing. To enable straightforward calibration across various battery configurations, the calibration functionality was developed as a separate, modular class with self-explanatory method names to simplify usage and maintenance. This enhances the system’s overall adaptability and robustness