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Navigating the First Months of Work : A Cross‐Sectional Study on Newly Graduated Registered Nurses’ Journey Into the Profession
No full textThe transition process for newly graduated registered nurses (NGN) entering hospital work is critical in managing challenges like insecurity and stress, while also supporting role navigation, learning, job satisfaction and retention. This study aimed to explore NGNs’ perceptions and experiences during their first four months transitioning to hospital work. A cross-sectional survey with Likert-scale questions and two open-ended free text questions was conducted with NGNs enrolled in a regional transition program at five Swedish hospitals, gathering data from 216 nurses between September 2021 and September 2022. Descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis were used to assess the data. The findings revealed that 61% of NGNs felt well prepared by their undergraduate nursing education, and 85% enjoyed their profession as nurses. Most reported they were integrated into their teams, satisfied with their support, and understood their responsibilities. However, only 28% reported feeling fully recovered for work, and 44% expressed fear of making mistakes. Qualitative responses highlighted feelings of unpreparedness for the workload, pace and ward-specific routines, although opportunities for learning, building relationships and validating their skills were viewed positively. The transition experience was influenced by individual, social, and organisational factors. Ongoing improvement in transition processes requires shared responsibility between nurses, educational institutions and hospitals.CC BY</p
Factors That Enable or Hinder Civil Servants and Volunteers in Helping Newly Arrived Immigrants Establish Themselves in Swedish Society : A Delphi Study
No full textThe world is facing the highest number of people to have been forced from their homes due to war and conflict. Providing a framework for integrated action is a common societal solution to managing the challenges of integration policy programmes. These programmes are intended to standardise services provided by a diverse set of agencies and areas, and are usually delivered by civil servants and volunteers. The aim of this study was to describe factors, as reported by civil servants and volunteers in a policy programme, that enable or hinder them in helping newly arrived immigrants to establish themselves in Swedish society. The results show that the participants have the prerequisites to enable newly arrived immigrants to make their own choices, strengthen their own motivation and develop their own social networks within their new situation. However, the participants were hindered from influencing the newly arrived immigrants’ housing situation. No consensus was achieved regarding more structural prerequisites such as societal efforts to counteract segregation, or more general community-based welfare solutions. The results support the view that there is a need for a more tailored approach with consideration for each person’s unique living situation.CC BY 4.0</p
Parents as protectors : Experiences during intact cord resuscitation in the mother’s bed
No full textIntroduction: Intact cord resuscitation promotes zero separation and facilitates skin-to-skin contact, regardless of delivery mode. Therefore, this study aims to illuminate parents’ experiences of intact cord resuscitation in the mother’s bed. Method: Interviews with seven mothers, one father and seven couples were analysed using Lindseth and Norberg’s phenomenological hermeneutics. Results: The analysis revealed one overarching theme, Guardians of the neonate when the unexpected happens: Parents navigating between involvement and anxiety. Two themes emerged: The emotional impact and The necessity of ongoing communication and information. Conclusion: Parents in critical situations during intact cord resuscitation experienced positive outcomes by means of being able to be close to their neonate and witness the critical situation. When parents receive information in a clear and reassuring manner, it can help reduce their anxiety and increase their sense of control during a challenging period. CC-BY 4.0This research was funded by the Department of Health Sciences,University West, Trollhattan, Sweden. OA and LTL were funded by anunrestricted grant from the Swedish Society of Medical Research (SSMF).</p
Living with Diabetic Ulcers : A Literature-Based Study
No full textBackground: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar due to insulin resistance and has become a global health issue. It is most commonly diagnosed in adults and the elderly, although it can develop in late adolescence. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to complications, including diabetic ulcers, which heal slowly due to poor circulation and nerve damage. Understanding the experiences of those affected is crucial for improving care. To better support this patient group, nurses should develop a deeper understanding of how to provide effective care. Aim: To describe the experiences of adult individuals living with diabetic ulcers related to type 2 diabetes. Method: A literature-based study in which eight articles were analyzed using a qualitative design, supported by Friberg's five-step model. Results: Two main themes and eight subthemes emerged during the analysis, reflecting adults' experiences of living with diabetic ulcers related to type 2 diabetes. The main themes were The complex impact of the wound on the individual's health experience and Challenges that hinder effective wound care. Conclusion: Adults with diabetic ulcers related to type 2 diabetes experience difficulties in daily activities and managing their wounds. For nurses to effectively support these individuals and improve their health and quality of life, it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach to care. This includes providing personalized information and support to enhance health literacy, encourage and support self-care, and promote overall well-being.Diabetes typ 2 är en sjukdom som främst drabbar äldre och är en av de vanligaste folkhälsoproblemen världen över. Den största riskfaktorn för att utveckla diabetes typ 2 är genetisk predisposition, men livsstilsfaktorer som kostvanor och fysisk aktivitet har också en betydande roll. En av de vanligaste komplikationerna vid diabetes typ 2 är diabetessår. Dessa sår är svårläkta och smärtsamma, vilket gör att de påverkar den drabbade på flera sätt. Eftersom sjukdomen är så vanlig, är det viktigt att förstå vilka utmaningar individer med diabetessår möter. I studien beskrevs hur individer med diabetessår upplever sin vardag och vilka svårigheter de ställs inför. Resultaten visade att smärta, minskad rörlighet, ekonomiska påfrestningar och emotionell lidande var stora problem för deltagarna. Många hade också svårt att se sambandet mellan diabetes och såren, vilket resulterade i att behandlingen blev fördröjd. Trots att deltagarna fick utbildning var egenvård fortfarande en utmaning. Studien visade också att hälsolitteracitet – förmågan att förstå och använda hälsorelaterad information – är en viktig faktor för att hantera sjukdomen. Individer med låg hälsolitteracitet hade ofta svårt att ta till sig den information som vårdpersonalen gav. Det framkom även att individer upplevde att deras specifika behov inte tillgodoses helt, då vårdpersonal tenderade att fokusera på medicinering snarare än att ta sig tid att förstå och lyssna på patienternas vardagliga utmaningar. Sjuksköterskor kan förbättra hälsan för individer med diabetessår genom att erbjuda en holistisk och personcentrerad vård som beaktar varje individs specifika behov. Det handlar inte bara om att behandla såren, utan också om att hjälpa patienterna att förstå sin sjukdom och ta ansvar för sin egenvård. För att detta ska fungera är det betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskor anpassar sin kommunikation så att patienter både förstår och kan använda den information de får
Understanding high-temperature material properties
No full textProf Dr-Ing. Jörg Volpp, Associate Professor from University West, Trollhättan, Sweden, states that understanding metal surface tension at high temperatures will increase process understanding to benefit European Union metal processing and manufacturing industriesCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</p
Learning pathways to entrepreneurial passion in venture creation programs : A configurational study of experiential and temporal conditions
No full textThis study adopts a configurational approach to discover conditions common to graduates from venture creation programs who take a particular learning pathway to high entrepreneurial passion. Our theoretical framework identifies two primary sources of experiential learning (direct and vicarious experience) and three temporal vantage points (pre-, peri-, and post-education) conducive to such conditions. Employing fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) on a sample of graduates from a Swedish university yields four configurations of present or absent conditions that are sufficient for producing high entrepreneurial passion. A uniting feature across all four configurations is the interplay between direct and vicarious experiences with core conditions closer rather than farther away in time. The identified configurations resulting from fsQCA thus imply intricate interdependencies of time-specific direct and vicarious experiences attributed to high entrepreneurial passion.CC BY 4.0</p
Newly graduated nurses experiences of working in inpatient care during their first three years
No full textThe nurse holds primary responsibility for patient care in healthcare settings, and the role of a nurse in inpatient care is both vital and professionally significant. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of a newly graduated nurse during their first three years of working in inpatient care. A literature review was conducted using Fribergs´ five step model for analyzing qualitative research (Friberg, 2017). Eleven qualitative studies were used for the result of the study. The result was compiled with three themes; (1) Experiences of the transition, (2) The importance of the organization and (3) The importance of support. Each theme consisted of two subthemes. The result showed that the newly graduated nurse face significant challenges that contribute to negative emotional outcomes such as insecurity and stress. The result also identifies the need for emotional support and safety in the first years of work after studying the nursing programme. The conclusion of the study consists of an overwhelming workload, lack of support and mentorship that constitutes key stressors for the newly graduated nurse. Those key stressors contribute to a negative transition which can end up in anxiety and burnout and affect the quality of care given in inpatient care. The summarization of the study consists of the significant need for support and psychological safety for a newly graduated nurse. A better understanding of insecurities from colleagues and mentors can lower the expectations and give opportunities for a positive experience of the transition to work life.Då sjuksköterskan har det främsta ansvaret för omvårdnaden i hälso- och sjukvården och att den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll att ta på sig vid klivet ut i arbetslivet så var det därför intressant att ta reda på upplevelserna av övergången från studier till arbetsliv. Sjuksköterskeprogrammet är en treårig utbildning som ska förbereda studenten för att vara redo att anta sjuksköterskerollen och ansvaren som tillkommer. Övergången är en intensiv tid som präglar den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskans förutsättningar att bli den optimala sjuksköterskan och föra vården framåt i utvecklingen med god vårdkvalité. Examensarbetet syftade till att undersöka den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskans upplevelser av sina första tre år i arbete inom slutenvården. Resultatet i arbetet visade att övergången är mestadels jobbig för den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan med känslor som osäkerhet och stress som påverkar prestationerna i praktiska och teoretiska moment negativt. Bristande självförtroende bidrog till osäkerhet och samtidigt upplevdes det att det saknades stöd för att avlasta den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan i sin övergång. Detta ledde till sämre arbetsmiljö och vårdkvalitén påverkades negativt. Vidare bidrog detta till att den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan upplevde en överväldigad känsla och tvekade på sina kunskaper. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan upplever trygghet och självförtroende då det är hög arbetsbelastning inom vården idag som kan leda till utbrändhet. Den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan är extra mottaglig för negativa upplevelser och känslor då de har höga förväntningar på arbetslivet och att bli den bästa sjuksköterskan. Slutsatsen av resultatet var att den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan behöver ha mer övning på teoretiska och praktiska moment under sjuksköterskeutbildningen för att ha mer kött på benen vid klivet ut i arbetslivet. Det behövs också mer stöd för den nyexaminerade sjuksköterskan i början av arbetslivet för att ha tid att anpassa sig till yrket i sin egen takt. Det behövs mer kunskap från både omgivning och vårdteam om vilka behov som finns hos nyexaminerade sjuksköterskor för att säkerställa god och säker vård
Latent Outlier Exposure in Real-Time Anomaly Detection at the Large Hadron Collider
No full textWe propose a novel approach to real-time anomaly detection at the Large Hadron Collider, aimed at enhancing the discovery potential for new fundamental phenomena in particle physics. Our method leverages the Latent Outlier Exposure technique and is evaluated using three distinct anomaly detection models. Among these is a novel adaptation of the variational autoencoder's reparameterisation trick, specifically optimised for anomaly detection. The models are validated on simulated datasets representing collider processes from the Standard Model and hypothetical Beyond the Standard Model scenarios. The results demonstrate significant advantages, particularly in addressing the formidable challenge of developing a signal-agnostic, hardware-level anomaly detection trigger for experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.CC BY 4.0</p
Hybrid Thermal Spray : A Pathway to Realize Novel Coating Microstructures and Properties
No full textThermal spray technology, a versatile coating technique, significantly impacts diverse industries and is pivotal in modern manufacturing processes. Like other technologies, it must continuously evolve to address new challenges and market demands. In this context, “hybrid thermal spraying” utilizing distinct feedstocks (such as powders, wire, suspensions, and solution precursors) offers a novel pathway to conveniently combine dissimilar materials at very different length scales to realize coatings with unique properties and enhanced performance. This approach seamlessly integrates into all thermal spray techniques. Introducing two or more distinct feedstocks simultaneously or sequentially with independent control over each can deposit coatings with varied architectures and novel microstructures. The present-day industry constantly demands enhanced performance and longevity of established wear-resistant coatings, thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), etc., and novel functionalities for emerging fields such as batteries. Hybrid thermal spray can potentially address these needs by elegantly combining established material systems with additional constituents. This review discusses the different variants of hybrid thermal spraying, and their relevance to practical applications is explored based on a comprehensive assessment of available literature. This review is intended to serve as a bridge between traditional and innovative approaches for inspiring further research to harness the advantages of hybrid thermal spray processes gainfully. It also discusses the challenges and limitations associated with this approach.Open Access</p
In Situ Neutron Diffraction Study of Strain Evolution and Load Partitioning During Elevated Temperature Tensile Test in HIP-Treated Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V
No full textTo manufacture almost fully dense components, electron beam powder bed fusion of Ti-6Al-4V is typically combined with post-heat treatment, such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The standard HIP treatment performed at 920°C and 100 MPa for 2 h results in coarsening of the microstructure and impacting the yield strength. A low-temperature HIP treatment performed at 800°C and 200 MPa for 2 h resulted in limited coarsening and comparable yield strength to as-built material. A coarser microstructure is detrimental to tensile properties. Tensile testing at different temperatures revealed that thermal activation of different slip systems could possibly affect the elongation behavior, demanding additional investigation. Performing in situ neutron time of flight diffraction during tensile testing provides data to analyze strain evolution and load partitioning in the crystal lattice, which includes the slip planes. A two-phase elastic–plastic self-consistent model has been used to analyze and compare the experimental results. The lattice strain evolution results indicated that the basal slip 0 0 0 2 was activated at 20°C while the pyramidal slip 1 0 1¯ 1 was first activated during loading at 350°C. Load partitioning results showed that the β phase endures higher stresses than the α phase in the plastic regime. CC-BY 4.0</p