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Beam Offset Detection in Laser Stake Welding of T-Joints Using a Convolutional Neural Network
No full textLaser welding processes are highly sensitive to the alignment of the laser beam with respect to the joint location. Even minor deviations—referred to as beam offsets can induce critical defects in the final weld. This issue is particularly pronounced in stake welding of hidden T-joints, where the joint interface is not accessible from the top surface, rendering conventional vision-based seam tracking methods ineffective. To address this challenge, this study proposes a computer vision-based system employing LED illumination to acquire real-time images of the melt pool for early detection of beam offsets. The underlying hypothesis is that variations in melt pool geometry are indicative of beam misalignment; however, this relationship is complex and non-linear, necessitating a data-driven approach. A convolutional neural network is developed and trained to classify melt pool images into categories representing correct alignment and beam offset conditions. Experimental validation is conducted using image datasets obtained from controlled laser welding trials. The proposed method demonstrates high classification accuracy and holds significant potential for in-process quality assurance and defect prevention in laser stake welding of T-joints.CC-BY 4.0This study was supported by grants from the Swedish Knowledge Foundation projects DIPy-AI (20230035) andDedicate (20210094) together with the project TANDEM (2021-03145), Vinnova under the SMART EUREKA cluster on advanced manufacturing program.</p
It's a little bit of your own willpower that pushes through
No full textThis study explores how individuals' digital behaviors and experiences differ depending on whether a digital detox is self-imposed or externally forced. The results from the interviews were analyzed and discussed based on reactance theory and Social media disconnect, two separate frameworks that explain reactions and behaviors in connection with digital detox. A digital detox is defined as a break from social media, which can involve deleting apps, turning off notifications, or limiting screen time. The results were analyzed through a thematic analysis. Most respondents from the interviews expressed a positive attitude toward voluntary detoxes, often highlighting a sense of freedom, regained focus, and increased presence in everyday life. This break created space for alternative activities such as exercising, reading, and offline socializing. The main motivation behind detoxing was feelings of dependency, overstimulation, and the influence of short-form content typical of platforms like TikTok and Instagram. At the same time, several negative aspects were identified, such as FOMO, social isolation, and lack of contact with friends and family. Feelings of emptiness, frustration, and restlessness were common. Many respondents quickly migrated to other platforms, which helped ease the sense of loss. The distinction between voluntary and involuntary breaks proved to be crucial; self-imposed pauses provided a sense of control and security, whereas forced disconnection often led to resistance and anxiety. In the context of an increasingly regulated digital environment—where some platforms face the threat of being shut down—understanding these experiences becomes more important than ever. This study highlights the significance of intention in shaping both the emotional response and the user’s subsequent digital behavior.Denna studie undersöker hur sociala medie-användares digitala beteenden och upplevelser skiljer sig beroende på om en digital detox är självvald eller påtvingad. Resultatet från intervjuerna analyserades och diskuterades utifrån reaktansteori och Social media disconnect, två separata ramverk som förklarar reaktioner och beteenden i samband med digital detox. En digital detox definieras som ett frivilligt avbrott från sociala medier, vilket kan ske genom att radera appar, stänga av notiser eller tidsbegränsa användningen. Resultatet analyserades genom en tematisk analys. Utifrån de intervjuer som gjordes i arbetet rapporterade de flesta respondenter en positiv inställning till självvalda detoxer, där en känsla av frihet, återvunnet fokus och ökad närvaro i vardagen ofta nämndes. Aktiviteten möjliggjorde utrymme för alternativa sysselsättningar som träning, läsning och socialt umgänge offline. Den främsta drivkraften bakom detoxen var känslor av beroende, överstimulering och påverkan från det kortformatsinnehåll som är vanligt på plattformar som TikTok och Instagram. Samtidigt identifierades flera negativa aspekter, såsom FOMO, social isolering och avsaknad av kontakt med vänner och familj. Känslor som tomhet, frustration och rastlöshet var vanliga. Många migrerade snabbt till andra plattformar, vilket hjälpte mildra känslan av förlust. Skillnaden i kontroll över beslutet visade sig vara central; självvalda pauser gav en känsla av makt och trygghet, medan påtvingade avbrott kunde skapa motstånd och oro. Mot bakgrund av ett alltmer reglerat digitalt landskap, där vissa plattformar hotas av nedstängning, blir förståelsen för dessa upplevelser avgörande. Studien belyser vikten av att intentionen bakom en digital paus påverkar både det emotionella gensvaret och individens efterföljande digitala beteenden
The Impact of AI on the Role of Accountants : A Study on How AI Has Affected the Tasks and Role of Accountants
No full textArtificiell intelligens (AI) är ett teknologiskt verktyg som påverkar många yrken, däribland redovisning. I denna uppsats undersöks hur redovisningsekonomers yrkesroll förändras till följd av AI:s ökade användning, med särskilt fokus på hur AI påverkar arbetsuppgifter, kompetenskrav och uppfattningen om framtiden inom yrket. Studien bygger på kvalitativa, semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra redovisningsekonomer i olika åldrar och med varierande erfarenhet, vilket ger en bred bild av hur tekniken upplevs i praktiken. Resultatet visar att AI främst används som ett stöd för att effektivisera repetitiva och administrativa arbetsmoment, såsom datainmatning och avstämningar. Respondenterna upplever att detta frigör tid till mer kvalificerade och värdeskapande uppgifter som analys, rådgivning och kundkontakt. Det framkommer dock skillnader i hur väl anpassade redovisningsekonomer är till tekniken, där de yngre ekonomerna i arbetet är mer teknikvana, medan de äldre ekonomerna uttrycker större behov av stöd och utbildning. Samtliga respondenter ser AI som ett komplement snarare än ett hot, men understryker vikten av att bevara det professionella omdömet och den mänskliga rollen i beslutsfattande. Studien visar att redovisningsekonomens yrkesroll är i förändring – från administrativ till mer strategisk – och att nya krav ställs på teknisk förståelse, affärsmässighet och kommunikation. Vidare framgår att anpassningsförmåga och organisatoriskt stöd är centrala faktorer för en lyckad AI-integrering. Studien bidrar med en fördjupad förståelse för hur AI påverkar yrkesrollen ur ett praktiskt perspektiv, och lyfter behovet av kontinuerlig kompetensutveckling samt ökad dialog mellan generationer för att hantera förändringen effektivt och etiskt.Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technological tool that affects many professions, including accounting. This thesis investigates how the role of accountants is changing due to the increased use of AI, with a particular focus on how AI affects work tasks, competency requirements, and perceptions of the profession's future. The study is based on qualitative, semi-structured interviews with four accountants of different ages and with varying experience, providing a broad picture of how the technology is perceived in practice. The results show that AI is primarily used as a support tool to streamline repetitive and administrative tasks, such as data entry and reconciliations. Respondents feel that this frees up time for more qualified and value-creating tasks such as analysis, advisory services, and customer interaction. However, differences emerge in how well accountants are adapted to the technology, younger accountants are generally more tech-savvy, while older ones express a greater need for support and training. All respondents view AI as a complement rather than a threat but emphasize the importance of maintaining professional judgment and the human role in decision-making. The study shows that the role of the accountant is changing, from administrative to more strategic and that new demands are being placed on technical understanding, business acumen, and communication. Furthermore, it appears that adaptability and organizational support are central factors for successful AI integration. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how AI affects the professional role from a practical perspective and highlights the need for continuous competence development and increased intergenerational dialogue to manage the change effectively and ethically
Nurses’ learning about foot care for patients with diabetes : A rapid review
No full textAim To explore learning methods for nurses caring for patients with diabetes, focusing on foot care. Background Effective foot care is essential to prevent complications in patients with diabetes. While nurses play a key role in this care, many lack adequate knowledge and skills. Continuous professional development and targeted learning interventions are crucial for improving nurses’ knowledge. Design A rapid review was conducted to synthesize existing evidence on learning interventions for nurses in foot care for patients with diabetes.MethodThe literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Academic Search Premier, which were selected for their broad coverage of nursing and medical research. The review followed Dobbins’ five-step model, which involves defining a practice question, systematically searching for evidence, critically appraising sources, synthesizing evidence and assessing applicability and transferability. Additionally, the PRISMA 2020 checklist was followed. Results Eight studies were included, highlighting learning to improve and contain knowledge through various learning interventions such as e-learning, workshops, problem-based learning and multidisciplinary consultations. The findings indicate that interactive and practical learning methods improve nurses’ knowledge and skills in foot care for patients with diabetes. Conclusions Practical and interactive learning methods are crucial for enhancing nurses’ knowledge in foot care for patients with diabetes. Continuous education and reflection are essential for long-term improvements in clinical practice. Future research should focus on the learning process itself to better understand how nurses internalize and apply new knowledge. Emphasizing theoretical and practical aspects of education can lead to more effective and sustainable learning outcomes.CC BY 4.0</p
Tasks Contributing to Job Satisfaction Among Health Professionals : A Qualitative Descriptive Study
No full textAim This study described healthcare professionals' experiences of tasks that contribute to job satisfaction. Design A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Methods Data were collected through a survey questionnaire with an open‐ended question on job satisfaction. 5464 healthcare professionals responded to the questionnaire. Data were analysed through manifest qualitative content analysis. Results The theme ‘Enhancing healthcare professionals' job satisfaction through coherence, manageability, and meaningfulness’ emerged with the following five categories: Enhancing person‐centred care, Enhancing education, mentorship, and patient communication, Enhancing active participation in organisational development and transformation, Enhancing multi‐professional teamwork and collaborative care, and Enhancing rewards and support. Conclusion This study emphasises that job satisfaction among healthcare professionals depends on meaningful caring activities, a supportive work environment, and workplace resources. These factors boost resilience, reduce stress, and improve retention and patient care. A resource‐based, salutogenic approach promotes both professional and personal well‐being, fostering healthier, more effective healthcare environments.CC-BY 4.0</p
Providing Parental Education to Mothers with Immigrant Backgrounds in Sweden : Course Leaders’ Views of the Self-Assured Parents Programme
No full textPrevention programmes targeting parents with ethnic minority backgrounds and aiming to strengthen their parenting practices is a developing field of intervention. The aim of this study was to gain understanding of how course leaders perceive working with Self-Assured Parents (SAP), a Swedish culturally informed parenting programme targeting immigrant mothers with teenage children living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. We conducted four focus groups with 17 course leaders and analysed the interviews with Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach. Four themes were identified: general assessment of SAP, language issues, cultural adaptation, and emotional energy. Course leaders reported a high degree of programme acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness. They found recruitment and use of interpreters the main challenges and perceived few challenges regarding cultural adaptation beyond language issues. The work with the programme and the social interactions with participants were described as producing feelings of enthusiasm comparable to the concept of emotional energy. The findings suggest the importance of creating social bonds and safe spaces in parenting programmes, which plausibly may lead to an increased motivation for immigrant mothers to engage in positive parenting practices. We suggest that attention to emotional energy on both practical and theoretical levels may further development of parenting programmes.Open access funding provided by Malmö University. This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare: grant number 2020-01349. Open access funding provided by Malmö University.</p
Making sustainability work: learning, interpreting and enacting sustainability in everyday HR practice in Swedish municipalities
No full textPurpose – Despite growing interest in sustainable human resource management (HRM), limited attention has been given to how sustainability is enacted through everyday human resource (HR) practice. This study aims to examine how HR professionals define sustainability within HRM, interpret and position their role in sustainability work and engage in and reflect on learning related to sustainability in everyday practice. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative study draws on interviews with 13 municipal HR professionals in Sweden and workplace shadowing of eight. Using reflexive thematic analysis within a workplace learning perspective, this study explores how the meanings, roles and practices of sustainability unfolded in context. Findings – HR professionals view sustainability primarily as a moral and relational responsibility, rather than a technical or policy-driven task. Through situated practices of trust-building, ethical reflection and value-driven dialogue, they translated abstract goals into locally meaningful concerns. Their connective work bridged tensions across competing demands, acting less as policy implementers and more as relational enablers. Learning related to sustainability emerged informally, through negotiation, role experimentation and everyday interactions that shaped professional identities and required strong social competence. Practical implications – Organizations must recognize and support HR’s connective work by legitimizing reflexive practices, enabling HR to mediate across stakeholder groups and embedding supportive infrastructures for everyday workplace learning. Originality/value – This study advances sustainable HRM and workplace learning by shifting focus from formal strategies to HR’s relational and connective practices. It emphasizes how sustainability is enacted through micropractices and how HR professionals’ learning and identity work are integral to sustaining organizational change.CC-BY 4.0</p
Innovation intermediation in total defence : the case of Combitech in Sweden
No full textDebates on Sweden’s total defence often emphasise state agencies, leaving the intermediary work of commercial actors insufficiently examined. Adopting an innovation-intermediation perspective, we examine Combitech as a case. Drawing on participant observation, elite interviews, and document analysis, we identify two recurring functions – knowledge contextualisation and innovation facilitation – that make such companies significant beyond delivery contracts. Empirically, we show how Combitech co-ordinates heterogeneous actors, translates lessons from exercises into interoperable interfaces and standards, and stabilises cross-sector architectures. Conceptually, we specify the mechanisms through which intermediary work becomes influential – boundary-spanning translation, collaboration orchestration, and the concentration of evaluative capacity in systems integrators. The article clarifies how authority is distributed in contemporary total defence and raises policy questions concerning oversight and accountability
Fusion-Based Additive Manufacturing of Hastelloy C-Series: : A Comparative Study on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Residual Stress
No full textThe fusion-based single pulsed gas metal arc welding (SP-GMAW) additive manufacturing (AM) process has attracted considerable attention because of its high production efficiency, elevated deposition rates, and near-net-shape capabilities. The present study presents a comparative investigation of Hastelloy C-276 and Hastelloy C-22 thin-walled components fabricated using a SP-GMAW based AM process. This study thoroughly investigates the microstructure, material properties, and residual stress of the components. The microstructures in various regions comprise dendrite structure in Hastelloy C-276 and C-22 superalloys. The Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analysis revealed a discrepancy in elemental composition between C-276 and C-22 materials. Additionally, the average grain size in the top, middle, and bottom portions of C-22 are 67.8 μ m, 78.6 μ m, and 87.6 μ m while C-276 has 72.5 μ m, 80.2 μ m, and 96.8 μ m, respectively. Compared to the build direction, the travel direction has a higher mean microhardness. Hastelloy C-22 achieves a maximum hardness of 320 HV, while Hastelloy C-276 has a hardness of 286 HV. The highest recorded tensile strength for Hastelloy C-22 was 772 ± 5.1 MPa, whereas Hastelloy C-276 displayed a tensile strength of 758 ± 4.1 MPa in the upper regions along the travel direction. According to the stress distribution, the as-fabricated specimens of Hastelloy C-276 and C-22 are mostly impacted by tensile residual stress. Research on Hastelloy C series alloy comparisons and single pulsed GMAW-based WAAM technologies is limited and progressing. The comparative results of this research will be significant in the chemical-based, nuclear energy, maritime, and manufacturing industries.CC-BY 4.0This work was supported by the Amritha Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India. </p
Följsamt föräldraskapsstöd på familjecentraler : Förebyggande socialt arbete med familjer i väntan efter migration
No full textDen här rapporten handlar om förebyggande socialt arbete med familjer som har migrerat till Sverige och lever i långvarig väntan på livsavgörande beslut om exempelvis uppehållstillstånd, var de ska bo, hur de ska försörja sig och kanske återförening med familjemedlemmar. Syftet är att synliggöra och ge en fördjupad förståelse för föräldraskapets villkor och familjecentralernas arbetssätt i relation till familjernas behov. [. . .