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Promoting Personal Recovery Within Psychiatric Inpatient Care : Nurses' Experiences
No full textTo meet the aim of synthesising research on nurses' experiences of promoting personal recovery within psychiatric inpatient care, meta ethnography according to Noblit and Hare has been chosen as the method, which is a qualitative review of scientific literature that results in a synthesis. The focus is on interpretation and is expressed to be able to reduce a story, but at the same time keep what is unique using metaphors. Nine articles formed the basis of the synthesis. The analysis resulted in two levels of synthesis. The first level involved the translation of metaphors into one another, which proceeded in two directions, described as two principal headings. The second level produced five overarching metaphors. The first principal heading is that 'erected walls in psychiatric inpatient care impedes personal recovery.' It encompasses the overarching metaphors 'cultivating in exhausted soil' and 'nurses are gatekeeping watchdogs'. The second principal heading is 'torn-down walls in psychiatric inpatient care enable personal recovery'. It encompasses the overarching metaphors 'disarming and de-escalating', 'facing suffering together reveals treasures' and 'elevating the competent partner promotes recovery'. Conclusively, if the nurse is to be able to promote personal recovery in psychiatric inpatient care, bridges of cooperation and consensus need to be built to other professions in care. Otherwise, the obstacles to promoting personal recovery will be far too hard to overcome.CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0</p
Active Educators – Active Children : A Survey study on Physical Acitivty in Preschool in Relation to Educators' Role, Environment, and Children’s Development
No full textBarn tillbringar en stor del av sin dag i förskolan, vilket gör pedagogers kunskap och inställning till fysisk aktivitet viktig för barns utveckling och välbefinnande. Syftet med studien är att undersöka pedagogers uppfattningar om och perspektiv på barns fysiska aktivitet samt deras uppfattning om fysisk aktivitet kan bidra till barns sociala samspel och koncentrationsförmåga. Studien bygger på en enkätundersökning med 229 deltagande respondenter, där resultatet har analyserats med stöd av Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska systemteori men med justeringar anpassade till studiens kontext. Studien har en blandad metodansats där både kvantitativa och kvalitativa data har analyserats. Resultatet visar att pedagoger upplever att deras delaktighet och engagemang i fysiska aktiviteter bidrar till att öka barns deltagande och den fysiska aktiviteten stöttar enligt respondenter i många fall även barns utveckling av socialt samspel samt bidrar till en ökad koncentrationsförmåga. Samtidigt framkommer det att många respondenter ser ett behov av mer kunskap för att främja barns fysiska aktivitet i förskolan på ett mer medvetet och strukturerat sätt
Sustainable stormwater management described as regenerative design
No full textStudiens syfte är att skapa ett generellt dokument, där kommuner kan ta del av hur de behöver arbeta för att effektivt implementera hållbara dagvattenlösningar. Frågeställningen som detta arbete utgår från är ”Hur behöver kommuner arbeta för att skapa regenerativt hållbar dagvattenhantering?”. Detta är en kvalitativ studie som bygger på semi-strukturerade intervjuer. De viktigaste resultaten från studien är att kommuner måste arbeta med sina styrdokument och olika lösningar till implementering av hållbar dagvattenhantering i befintlig miljö. Den här studien beskriver hållbarhet genom begreppet regenerativitet och applicerar det på dagvattenhantering. Att sikta mot regenerativt hållbara dagvattensystem har i studien visat sig vara ett effektivt medel för att både förbättra och förenkla arbetet med hållbara dagvattenlösningar. En slutsats från arbetet är att det krävs vilja och energi från involverade tjänstepersoner i samhällsprocessen för att skapa hållbara dagvattenlösningar i befintliga bebyggelsemiljöer. Genom att applicera regenerativ logik på den översiktliga planeringen och andra styrdokument får kommunen ett sammanhängande språk när man pratar om hållbarhet. Det har visat sig att kommuner ofta inte använder sig tillräckligt mycket av översiktsplanen då respondenterna under intervjun beskrivit att det är ett för tidigt planskede och att de inte har mycket nytta av den. Det är motsägelsefullt då detaljplaner nästan alltid måste ha stöd i översiktsplanen. Slutligen har lagstiftningen visat sig vara ett oundvikligt problem för kommuner och är något man helt enkelt behöver arbeta runt. Begränsningar i studien har varit de resurser och tid som tilldelats för att utföra arbetet, det har skapat avgränsningar som annars vore intressant att ha med i arbetet men som inte haft tillräcklig stor påverkan för att lägga tid på.The purpose of this study is to create a general guide in which municipalities can learn how they need to work to effectively implement sustainable stormwater solutions. The research question from which this work originates is: “How do municipalities need to work to create regenerative sustainable stormwater management?” This is a qualitative study that has used semi-structured interviews to gather practical information. The most important findings of the study are that municipalities must work with their governing documents and various solutions to implement sustainable stormwater management in the existing environment. This study chooses to describe sustainability through the concept of regenerativity and applies it to stormwater management. Aiming for regeneratively sustainable stormwater systems has been shown in the study to be an effective means of both improving and simplifying the work with sustainable stormwater solutions. The conclusions of this study are that creating sustainable stormwater solutions in existing environments requires commitment and energy from those involved. By applying regenerative logic to overall planning and governing documents, the municipality gains a coherent language when discussing sustainability, among other aspects. It has emerged that municipalities often do not make sufficient use of the comprehensive plan, as respondents during the interviews described it as an early-stage planning tool that offers little benefit. This is contradictory since detailed plans almost always need to be supported by the comprehensive plan. Finally, the legislation has proven to be an unavoidable challenge for municipalities, and it is something they simply need to work around. The limitations of the study have been the resources and time allocated to carry out the work, which have led to certain boundaries that otherwise would have been interesting to include but did not have a sufficient impact to justify the effort. Additionally, the opportunity to conduct interviews was limited due to several unanswered emails and delayed responses
Place-pedagogies of water stress
No full textThis article explores the pedagogical affect of water in a place of water stress and illustrates its entanglement with dynamics of power and control. The current climate crisis is rendering already drought-prone regions ever drier, and it is often the already socially and economically disadvantaged who experience the most immediate impacts. In this article, we describe the experiences of residents in one township in South Africa’s Cape Flats to explore how water literacies have developed and been reinforced by a prolonged period of water scarcity. By analysing assemblages of images and accompanying texts produced through a PhotoVoice process undertaken by co-researchers in this settlement, we show how water’s presence as an always imminent absence has profound pedagogical impact. We also explore how water manages to escape and flow outside of attempts to control and constrain it. Finally, we speculate on the implications for place-based water literacies and the pedagogies at work in other places of water stress
Effect of shielding gas composition on microstructure and hardness of high strength low alloy steel walls manufactured by wire arc additiv manufacturing
No full textThis study investigates the effect of shielding gas composition on both hardness and microstructure of high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) walls made using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) with Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) in Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) mode. In this study, two different shielding gas compositions with different CO2 concentrations were used. Shielding gases in this study were 18% CO2 + 82% Ar, and 8% CO2 + 92% Ar. The aim is to evaluate the impact on the material’s microstructure and hardness. Results showed that no significant changes in microstructure and hardness were found between walls produced using the two shielding gases. The wall produced using 8% CO2, however, showed slightly higher hardness than that produced using 18% CO2. The optical microscope showed ferritic microstructure for both walls with a bit higher bainite in the case of the wall made using 8% CO2. Different oxidation extent of alloying elements in the walls due to the use of different content of CO2 in the shielding gas may be responsible for slightly different hardness, and microstructures observed
Where do I belong? : Outlier Status within Inpatient Care - A Literature Review
No full textCrowding of the emergency department and shortage of available beds in specialist departments have resulted in the phenomena of patients being placed on clinically inappropriate wards, also known as outlying or outlier patients and bedspacing. The use of outlying patients to optimize the patient flow throughout the hospital is not an undebatable solution, affecting both the patient and the nurses caring for them. The aim of this study was to elucidate the consequences of outlier status within inpatient care. A literature review was conducted, including both qualitative and quantitative research received through a systematic literature search. Three themes emerged: The effected patient, Lack of teamwork and Acquired skill set. Being admitted as an outlying patient to a clinically inappropriate ward affected access to specialist care. Furthermore, feelings of uncertainty in being an outsider and suffering experienced in relation to healthcare. The working environment of the nurse was affected, and lack of communication obstructed the continuity of care. The implying risks with a systematic usage of outlying patients to clinically inappropriate wards need to be taken into consideration. Reported effects on the implicated patients and nurses including emotional suffering, an unsustainable work environment and reductions in the quality of care. Existing research gap of outlying patient with regard of meeting the medical needs of an increasing ageing population with multiple comorbidities demand these matters to be taken seriously
Automated Quality Control in Cashew Processing : Machine Learning and Image Processing for Cashew Detection and Classification
No full textThis thesis explores the development of an automated vision-based quality control system for roasted cashew processing. Traditional quality inspection methods rely heavily on manual labor, which is time-consuming, inconsistent, and prone to human error. The proposed system leverages image processing and machine learning techniques to accurately detect and classify roasted cashews into three quality categories: burnt, unroasted, and good. Using a simple hardware setup—an HD webcam and a light—the system ensures cost-effectiveness and accessibility for small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study evaluates the system's performance under various lighting conditions and assesses its adaptability to realworld challenges. The results demonstrate the potential of the system to enhance operational efficiency and product consistency, making it a viable alternative to traditional inspection methods.21 hp</p
Looking back when moving forward : unpacking history in cultural-historical activity theory-driven change efforts
No full textWhile Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) research has a significant role in investigating change, it often overlooks historical aspects. This article addresses this gap by exploring the historical dimension and its connection to creating collective and professional models in schools requiring changes in their activity systems. The study involved two Change Laboratories (CL) with 42 participants addressing issues of equal access to educational success in two lower secondary schools in Sweden. The research revealed that despite similar characteristics in for example experienced and well-trained teacher staff, the schools’ staff developed different models to tackle similar issues. The analysis examined historical conditions and developments linked to current cultural and social contexts, suggesting that the models varied related to different collective interpretations of historical experiences. Participants’ historical understanding influenced current practices and the creation of new models during the CLs to address inequality. The study underscores the empowering role of history in studies of change, emphasizing a shift from mere participation in practice to active contribution through practice. It stresses the importance of clarifying historical contexts and demonstrates how this can be achievedCC BY 4.0</p
Abscisic Acid Rescues Behavior in Adult Female Mice in Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Model of Dopamine Depletion by Regulating Microglia and Increasing Vesicular GABA Transporter Expression
No full textAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental syndrome typically diagnosed in childhood that may persist into adulthood. Its etiology encompasses both genetic and environmental factors, with genetic studies indicating catecholamine dysfunction and epidemiological evidence emphasizing neuroinflammation as a potential trigger. To investigate the roles of inflammation and development processes in ADHD, we conducted a longitudinal behavioral study using female Swiss mice with a dopamine deficit model. We explored the impact of neonatal dopaminergic lesions, treatment with abscisic acid (ABA)—an anti-inflammatory hormone—and developmental changes by comparing behavioral patterns in juvenile and adult mice. Postmortem analyses assessed neuroinflammation through microglial morphology, NLRP3, cytokine expression, and the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) ratio in specific brain regions. Neonatal dopaminergic lesions induced hyperactivity and hypersensitivity in juvenile mice that persisted into adulthood. In adults, increased social interaction and memory impairment were observed in lesioned mice. Brain development mitigated impulsivity, while ABA treatment reduced locomotor activity, downregulated pain sensitivity, and influenced social interaction, although it did not completely resolve cognitive deficits in lesioned adult mice. In brain regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior insular cortex (pIC), and hippocampus, lesions significantly altered microglial morphology. In the ACC, lesions increased IL-1β and TNFα levels, decreased Arg1 mRNA levels, and disrupted the E/I balance. Importantly, ABA treatment restored microglial morphology, normalized IL-1β and Arg1 expression and upregulated vGAT levels. This study demonstrates that dopamine deficits lead to microglia alterations and E/I imbalance, contributing to ADHD symptoms. While some symptoms improve with brain development, targeting microglial health in specific brain regions emerges as a promising therapeutic approach for managing ADHD.CC BY 4.0Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research was funded by Koplowitz Foundation, and Plan Propi UJI (UJI-B2021-21) to AMSP. SSS was supported by the Margarita Salas postdoctoral contract MGS/2021/33 (UP2021-021) fnanced by the European Union-NextGenerationEU.</p
What, do we still need to review children's books based on gender? : A text- and picture analysis of children's books from a gender perspective
No full textBakgrund: Att främja jämställdhet och jämlikhet, bredda normer och bryta destruktiva genusmönster, ingår i förskolans uppdrag sedan lång tid tillbaka. På vilket sätt är detta synligt i de val av barnböcker som används i förskolan? Vilka könsnormer framträder i barnböckerna?Syfte:Studiens syfte är att analysera och synliggöra vilka könsnormer som framträder i barnböcker som används i förskolan. Metod: Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ text- och bildanalys, baserat på en lista med barnböcker från en förskola, som förskollärare på sex avdelningar fick välja ut. Därefter gjordes ett urval utifrån förutbestämda kriterier och fyra barnböcker analyserades. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar hur könsnormer framställs genom egenskaper och yttre persongestaltning. Manliga karaktärer framställs generellt som aktiva, självständiga och beskyddande, medan kvinnliga karaktärer tillskrivs omsorgsfulla och passiva roller som ofta är i behov av skydd. Resultatet visar en tydlig skillnad på manlig och kvinnlig klädsel, män/pojkar bär ofta mörkare färger iklädda byxor och tröja. Medan kvinnor/flickor bär ljusare färger iklädda klänning eller kjol