University College Stockholm
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Voices from the Margins : Migrant Workers' Experiences in Sweden's Sectoral Labour Market Divides
No full textThis study explores into the working conditions and experiences of migrant blue-collar workers in Sweden's restaurant, cleaning, and construction industries, specifically how the lack of statutory minimum wage laws and insufficient collective agreement coverage affects their economic stability. Despite Sweden's reputation for strong labour protections, the voluntary nature of its collective bargaining system leaves significant gaps for vulnerable workers, particularly migrants who make up a sizable portion of the workforce in these sectors (more than 40% in cleaning services, 35% in restaurants, and 25% in construction). This study uses a qualitative research approach, using semi-structured interviews of 12 migrant workers complemented by statistical data, to investigate the gap between established labour rules and migrants' lived experiences. The study use Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis method to detect patterns of meaning throughout participants' narratives while remaining sensitive to individual differences. The theoretical approach combines labour market segmentation theory, migration-focused precarity frameworks, and institutional labour market regulation theories to investigate how structural limits in collective bargaining create special vulnerabilities for migrant workers. The findings help to further both theoretical understandings of labour market segmentation in Nordic welfare states and practical policy conversations about providing equitable working conditions for all employees, regardless of migration status or employment sector. This study examines how Sweden's labour market model, while beneficial to many workers, generates a dualized system that disproportionately affects migrant communities in blue-collar industries
Kläder, romare och ritualer i Första Korinthierbrevet : Paulus och konflikten om huvudbonader
No full textThis thesis offers a novel interpretation of 1 Cor 11:2–16 in light of the Roman ritual practice of capite velato—a custom of covering the head with a garment during prayer, sacrifice, and divination. It traces linguistic and conceptual links between ancient descriptions and depictions of capite velato and 1 Cor 11:2–16, and demonstrates that this ritual gesture must have been familiar to Paul and his Corinthian interlocutors. With the aid of cognitive science of religion, this thesis explores the possible reasons for and implications of Paul's instructions on this Roman custom in First Corinthians. It argues that 1 Cor 11:2–16 preserves a clash of values between Paul and his addressees in regards to the correct procedure and efficacy of prayer and accessing of divine knowledge: some in Corinth had begun to argue that for the sake of uniformity, all members of the Christ association, including married women of all cultures, should strip their heads of everything when in prayer or when seeking divine knowledge to match the appearance of Roman men whom Paul had asked not to pray with garments over the head. In response to this, Paul found a way to argue that praying with a garment over the head is only shameful for men, but the same does not apply for women, and so women can keep their head-coverings and hair accessories on during prayer and prophecy. While these instructions may have been intelligible to the original readers, later interpreters of Paul, who had no knowledge of the Sitz im Leben that prompted 1 Cor 11:2–16, misunderstood and misappropriated Paul's instructions in this passage, mistakenly believing Paul to have been solely concerned with a faction of rebellious women in the Corinthian congregation. These assumptions have dominated the readings of 1 Cor 11:2–16, but this thesis offers an alternative interpretation that builds on a more accurate understanding of ancient customs and ideals related to ritual head-coverings.Denna avhandling erbjuder en ny tolkning av 1 Kor 11:2–16 i ljuset av den romerska rituella praktiken capite velato – sedvänjan att täcka huvudet med ett klädesplagg när man bad, offrade och spådde. Studien spårar språkliga och konceptuella samband mellan antika beskrivningar och av-bildningar av capite velato och 1 Kor 11:2–16, samt visar att denna rituella gest måste ha varit bekant för Paulus och hans korinthiska samtalspartners. Med hjälp av kognitiv religionsvetenskap undersöks möjliga orsaker till och konsekvenser av Paulus instruktioner beträffande denna romerska sedvänja i Första Korinthierbrevet. Avhandlingen hävdar att 1 Kor 11:2–16 speglar en värdekonflikt mellan Paulus och hans adressater gällande korrekt procedur, bönens effekt och sättet att få tillgång till gudomlig kunskap. Somliga i Korinth hade börjat hävda att för enhetlighetens skull behövde alla medlemmar i Kristusgruppen, inklusive gifta kvinnor från alla kulturer, ta av sig allt de hade på huvudet när de bad eller sökte gudomlig kunskap, för att motsvara utseendet hos de romerska män som Paulus hade bett att inte be med klädesplagg över huvudet. Somsvar på detta fann Paulus ett sätt att argumentera för att det är skamligt för män att be med ett plagg över huvudet, men att detsamma inte gäller för kvinnor, och att kvinnor därför kan behålla sina huvudbonader och håraccessoarer på under bön och profetia. Även om dessa instruktionerkan ha varit begripliga för de ursprungliga läsarna har senare uttolkare av Paulus, som inte hade någon kunskap om den Sitz im Leben som föranledde 1 Kor 11:2–16, missförstått och missbrukat Paulus instruktioner i detta avsnitt, och felaktigt trott att Paulus enbart bekymrade sig över en grupp upproriska kvinnor i den korinthiska församlingen. Dessa antaganden har länge dominerat läsningen av 1 Kor 11:2–16, men denna avhandling erbjuder en alternativ tolkning som bygger på en mer korrekt förståelse av antika seder och ideal relaterade till rituella huvudbonader
The plans of the heart and the Lord's decisions : An examination of how the blessing moves
No full textThe Principle of Proportionality in International Humanitarian Law : Evolution, Application, and Accountability in Modern Armed Conflicts
No full textThis thesis analyses the understanding, implementation, and enforcement of International Humanitarian Law’s (IHL) principle of proportionality, particularly regarding its application in modern conflicts. The ever-increasing technological development of armed conflicts—for instance, cyber warfare and precision bombardment are making the legal limits of what is proportionate increasingly ambiguous. By looking at the Gaza conflict of 2008–2009 and the 2011 NATO intervention in Libya, we can better understand how modern challenges in international humanitarian law (IHL) play out when viewed through a legal-positivist lens. These cases were chosen because of their thorough documentation from multiple jurisdictions, scrutiny by international legal bodies, concerns for disproportionate use of force, and relevance to judicial proportionality within contemporary military operations approaches. This study seeks to examine how international courts consider proportionality in ‘live’ conflict situations and what legal parameters have been set to scrutinize the balance between expected military benefit to civilians and potential harm inflicted on them. In Chapter 1, the reader will be given the legal and humanitarian backdrop to IHL pertaining to the proportionality principle, as well as the guiding questions of the study, its limitations, and the applied methodology. Chapter 2 is devoted to the collection of primary and secondary sources of custom law and jurisprudence, which provides the necessary legal literature and analysis. Chapter 3 details the methodological framework which restricts sources to the jurisprudence of the ICJ and ICC within doctrinal legal analysis and comparative research along set benchmarks, which in this instance are civilian consequences, foreseeability, and intent of the commander. Chapters 4 and 5 provide legal scrutiny for the most recent Gaza and Libya conflicts, respectively, assessing how judicial instances have applied the principles of proportionality amidst intricate warfare scenarios. In Chapter 6, a comparative appraisal is conducted of the two case studies in order to delineate recurring patterns, legal anomalies, and gaps in the implementation of the law. In Chapter 7, the focus is on accountability and enforcement problems, detailing the law and jurisdictional voids that international courts and tribunals encounter. In Chapter 8, the effects of disproportionate application of humanitarian law on proportionality are examined alongside the legal consequences for the defined territory, while Chapter 9 offers further explanation on the need to develop legal doctrine definitions, expand the tribunal’s jurisdiction, and incorporate provisions for cyberspace into international law. The research results show that even though war laws contain proportionality as an enumerated principle, its application gaps and theoretical disarray remain prevalent in contemporary warfare, especially in distinctly cyber-enhanced forms of conflict. This thesis concludes by emphasizing the urgent need for a clear, unambiguous military doctrine and stronger legal frameworks. These are essential for setting enforceable boundaries that uphold the principle of proportionality during verification processes, ultimately ensuring better protection of legal provisions in the context of modern warfare
Heavenly Processes : Eschatology, hope and transformation inbetween the theologies of Jayne Svenungsson and Catherine Keller
No full textI den här uppsatsen utgår jag från de två teologerna Jayne Svenungsson och Catherine Keller för att undersöka hur eskatologiska och apokalyptiska föreställningar påverkar vår syn på politisk förändring i förhållande till pågående kriser som klimatförstöresle, krig och auktoritära ledarskap. Jag vänder mig till Svenungssons bok Den Gudomliga Historien för att framförallt undersöka profetlitteraturens syn på rättvisa och upprättelse såväl som moderna tolkningar av ande-begreppet i relation till politiska frigörelseprojekt. I Kellers teologi tar jag i huvudsak fasta på hennes begrepp kontra- apokalyps och hennes förståelse av Jesus liknelser om himmelriket. Detta gör jag för att hitta eskatologiska ingångar som bryter med våra föreställningar om linjär tid och en traditionell uppdelning av ande och materia. Genom komparativ textanalys utforskar jag vad som händer i mötet mellan deras olika syn på subjektskap, eskatologi och Den Heliga Anden för att sedan föra en diskussion utifrån dessa tre analyskategorier. Jag resonerar kring behovet av historisk erinran i kombination med ett direkt profetiskt kall såväl som behovet av kreativa impulser för att fantisera kring de himmelska processerna
The Evil One to Wickedness : “Retracing 1 John 5:19 Across Time and Translation”
No full textThis thesis investigates the English translations of the Greek phrase τῷ πονηρῷ in 1 John 5:19, which have interpreted it as “the evil one” (Personal Evil) or“wickedness” (Abstract Evil). By examining Greek and Latin texts, early church interpretations, modern commentaries and translation history, the study argues that the original context supports a Personal Evil interpretation (Satan). It reveals that the Abstract Evil (wickedness) renderings did not stem from the Latin Vulgate
Forma din predikan med AI : En liten guide till att använda AI-chattar i det homiletiska hantverket
No full textGlobal Orthodoxy : Desperate Need for Self-critique
No full textNew concerns about Orthodoxy grow within and without it. Many no longer have a romantic outlook on Orthodoxy of the sort that flourished in the second half of the 20th century but see it as intrinsically susceptible to weaponisation. To correct this outlook, the Orthodox need to start a thorough self-evaluation through ecclesiology and political theology. The paper explores the ecclesiological and theopolitical preconditions that have led to the support of dictatorships in the past, as well as the modern wars waged between the Orthodox peoples. It also suggests ways out of the ongoing crises of the Orthodox identity and theology based on the Church’s emancipation from imperial and authoritarian phantoms, as well as on observing the demarcation lines between the church and the state. Shifting from the “ecclesiology from above” to the “ecclesiology from below” could help the Orthodox church overcome the crises
Church leadership within the pentacostal Church in Stockholm.
No full textDenna uppsats vill undersöka den personliga rollen i att leda en pingstförsamling genom djupintervjuer som utförts med olika pastorer. Uppsatsen framför ledartyperoch dom utmaningar som dem bemöter i sina roller. Förhoppningsvis kan denna uppsats inspirera samt förbereda den framtida pingstpastorn i sitt kommande yrke
Images of God in Romans
No full textIn this study different ideas of God in the Romans (1-4, 11:33-36) will be discussed, as well has how they can be understood in relation to salvation and the terms of theology of religions. This is to dig deep into the Roman in its historical context and develop a short description of Paul. Thereafter the text and the linguistic issues will be studied. The word ἔθνος can be understood as Greek Gentiles or peoples. Paul writes in a similar manner that includes everyone, or every human. He sometimes writes in such a way where Jews as well as ἔθνος are included in his argument. Although, it is not clear whom, if any, are excluded. As a result many different images of God are found in the Romans. Depending on which image of God is highlighted in combination with which passage is being emphasized, all five terms of theology of religion is plausible. The previous outcome, in combination with Paul’s diplomatic tone that wishes for unity, can enrich one’s meeting with the other