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ROBIN : Reference observatory of basins for international hydrological climate change detection (vol 12, 654, 2025)
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Leveraging GCM-based forecasts for enhanced seasonal streamflow prediction in diverse hydrological regimes
No full textA coupled extreme gradient boosting-MPA approach for estimating daily reference evapotranspiration
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Technical note : sensitivity of the CAMS regional air quality modelling system to anthropogenic emission temporal variability
No full textLeveraging the satellite-based climate data record CLARA-A3 to understand the climatic trend regimes relevant for solar energy applications over Europe
No full textAssessment of elevated road traffic pollution on roadside trees and vegetation in urban environments
No full textCoupled Atmosphere-Fire Modelling of Pyroconvective Activity in Portugal
No full textThis study investigates the physical interactions and between forest fires and the atmosphere, which often lead to conditions favourable to instability and the formation of pyrocumulus (PyCu). Using the coupled atmosphere-fire spread modelling framework, WRF-SFIRE, the Portuguese October 2017 Quiaios wildfire, in association with tropical cyclone Ophelia, was simulated. Fire spread was imposed via burnt area data, and the fire's influence on the vertical and surface atmosphere was analysed. Simulated local atmospheric conditions were influenced by warm and dry air advection near the surface, and moist air in mid to high levels, displaying an inverted "V" profile in thermodynamic diagrams. These conditions created a near-neutrally unstable atmospheric layer in the first 3000 m, associated with a low-level jet above 1000 m. Results showed that vertical wind shear tilted the plume, resulting in an intermittent, high-based, shallow pyroconvection, in a zero convective available potential energy environment (CAPE). Lifted parcels from the fire lost their buoyancy shortly after condensation, and the presence of PyCu was governed by the energy output from the fire and its updrafts. Clouds formed above the lifted condensation level (LCL) as moisture fluxes from the surface and released from combustion were lifted along the fire plume. Clouds were primarily composed of liquid water (1 g/kg) with smaller traces of ice, graupel, and snow (up to 0.15 g/kg). The representation of pyroconvective dynamics via coupled models is the cornerstone of understanding the phenomena and field applications as the computation capability increases and provides firefighters with real time extreme fire conditions or predicting ahead of time