RISE – Research Institutes of Sweden
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Utfodringsanläggning med individuell foderstyrning för digivande suggor i grupp
No full textEkologiska suggor hålls i individuella boxar inför, under och en tid efter grisningen. De flesta svenska ekogrisproducenter väljer sedan, när smågrisarna är cirka 10–14 dagar gamla, att flytta suggor och smågrisar till grupper där de hålls tillsammans antingen på djupströbädd inne, s.k. familjeboxar, med tillgång till utevistelse, eller utomhus på bete med tillgång till hyddor. Det finns en efterfrågan hos producenter med grupphållna digivande suggor att möjliggöra individuell utfodring. Detta för att minska risken för foderspill och att bättre kunna möta enskilda suggors näringsbehov och därmed undvika att suggorna är för magra eller för feta och därmed minska risken för hälsoproblem, smygbrunster och för att generera bra tillväxt hos smågrisarna. Projektets syfte var att utveckla en mobil utfodringsanläggning för individuell utfodring av digivande suggor i grupp och utvärdera den utifrån olika produktions- och hälsoparametrar. Målet var att utfodringsanläggningen skulle kunna användas både inomhus, samt utomhus på betet d.v.s. den ska vara lätt att flytta, och ha individuell reglering av foder samt kunna installeras i befintliga grisstallar till en rimlig kostnad. Det finns potential att utfodringsanläggning med individuella foderplatser kan underlätta och förbättra utfodringen av digivande suggor i grupphållning. Antalet foderplatser påverkade inte hur mycket suggorna vistades i foderanläggningen vilket gör att vi bedömer att två foderbås fungerar till en grupp med sex suggor. Till följd av att fodertilldelningen kunde styras var det mindre variation i vikt och hull hos suggor i som hade tillgång till individuella foderplatser jämfört med suggor som fick fri tillgång till foder. Detta bör minska risk för smygbrunster och störningar och kan spara onödiga utgifter för rekrytering av nya djur samt höga kostnader för foderspill. Tillgången till individuella foderplatser visade sig minska förekomsten av negativa sociala interaktioner jämfört med om foder gavs i tråg eller vid en enskild automat och andelen negativa sociala interaktioner var lägre utomhus än inomhus. Denna erfarenhet gör att det finns potential för systemet att kunna användas för att möjliggöra en trygg plats för suggor att äta utan risk att bli bortjagad av individer av till exempel högre rang. Systemet fungerar till digivande suggor för användning både utomhus på bete och inomhus i familjeboxar. I förlängningen kan detta ha en positiv inverkan på användning av åkermark som ligger längre ifrån gården och bidra till lägre parasitförekomst, högre djurvälfärd och ökad hållbarhet för svenska suggor samt minskat växtnäringsläckage, minskad punktbelastning på mark och därmed minskad övergödning.Projektet har finansierats genom landsbygdsprogrammet 2014–2020 inom åtgärden stöd för att bilda innovationsgrupper och för innovationsprojekt inom europeiska innovationspartnerskapet EIP.</p
Socio-techno-ecological transition dynamics in the re-territorialization of food production: the case of wild berries in Sweden
No full textRecent geopolitical and economic crises underline the need for a European transition towards a more sustainable food system. Scholars and policymakers have called for a re-territorialization of food production to strike a better balance between local, regional and global value chains. This paper explores the role of re-territorialization through an analysis of the emergence, development and current transformation of the Swedish wild berry value chain. The analysis combines the multi-level perspective on sustainability transitions with a socio-techno-ecological system approach and draws on interviews, informal conversations, participant observations and a range of secondary sources. The resulting case narrative shows how processes of de-territorialization may result in regimes that fail to address sustainability potential and problems. It also highlights that processes of re-territorialization challenge established regimes by promoting niches that represent diferent, albeit complementary, value chain confgurations. Apart from a rich empirical narrative that brings useful knowledge to stakeholders to the Swedish wild berry value chain, the paper contributes to the theoretical understanding re-territorialization, shows how the ecological dimension can be accounted for with the multi-level perspective on sustainability transitions and presents a number of general policy implications.The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from The Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development, FORMAS (grant no. 2020-02839 and 2021-02226).</p
Study protocol for a triple-blind randomised controlled trial evaluating a machine learning-based predictive clinical decision support tool for internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) for depression and anxiety
No full textIntroduction: Therapist-supported internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (ICBT) has strong scientific support, but all patients are not helped, and further improvements are needed. Personalized medicine could enhance ICBT. One promising approach uses a Machine learning (ML) based predictive decision support tool (DST) to help therapists identify patients at risk of treatment failure and adjust their treatments accordingly. ICBT is a suitable clinical context for developing and testing such predictive DST’s, since its delivery is quite flexible and can quickly be adapted for probable non-responders, for example by increasing the level and nature of therapist support, to avoid treatment failures and improve overall outcomes. This type of strategy has never been tested in a triple-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT) and has rarely been studied in ICBT. The aim of this protocol is to expand on previous registered protocols with more detailed descriptions of methods and analyses before analyses is being conducted. Methods and analysis: A triple blind RCT comparing ICBT with a DST (DST condition), to ICBT as usual (TAU condition). The primary objective is to evaluate if the DST condition is superior to the TAU condition in decreasing diagnose-specific symptoms among patients identified to be at risk of failure. Secondary objectives are to evaluate if the DST improves functioning, interaction, adherence, patient satisfaction, and therapist time efficiency and decreases the number of failed treatments. Additionally, we will investigate the therapists’ experience of using the DST. Patients and therapists have been recruited nationally. They were randomised and given a sham rationale for the trial to ensure allocation blindness. The total number of patients included was 401, and assessments were administered pre-treatment, weekly during treatment, at post-treatment and at 12-month follow-up. Primary outcome is one of the three diagnosis-specific symptom rating scales for respective treatment and primary analysis is difference in change from pre- to post-treatment for at-risk patients on these scales. Human ethics and consent to participate: Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants. Both therapists and patients are participants in this trial. For patients, informed consent to participate in the study was obtained when they registered interest for the study via the study’s secure web platform and carried out initial screening before the diagnostic and fit for treatment assessment, they first received the research subject information and were asked for consent by digitally signing that they had read and understood the information. For therapists who were part of the study, consent was requested after they had registered their interest. Therapists then received an email with a link to the study’s secure web platform with the research person’s information and were asked for consent by digitally signing that they had read and understood the information. All documents are stored in secure, locked filing cabinets on the clinic’s premises or on a secure digital consent database. Approval committee: Approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (SERA), record number 2020–05772.This work was supported by Swedish Research Council (VR; 2016- 01961), The Erling Persson Foundation (grant number not applicable), ALF Medicine (FoUI-987214, FoUI-962599, SLL20170708, 20180429), the Bror Gadelius memory foundation (129900321123 and 129900457224), KI Foundations (2018-02158), the L.J. Bo¨ethius foundation (grant number not applicable), Psychiatry foundation (grant number not applicable) and KID Funding at KI (2018-00989).Trial sponsor is Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.</p
Rehabilitation Professionals’ Self-Perceived Competence in Safe Patient Handling and Mobility Methods Before and After Training : A Cohort Study
No full textBackground and Aim: To address knowledge gaps in safe patient handling and mobility methods (SPHMM) among rehabilitation professionals in Sweden, a national knowledge center, HMC, provides training on SPHMM. The study’s aim was to report on outcomes at 3 months after training in terms of self-perceived competence in SPHMM and self-perceived utility of acquired competence in SPHMM. Methods: Training participants (occupational therapists and physiotherapists) completed a study-specific questionnaire, with 1065 doing so at 3 weeks before the training and 389 at 3 months after training. Linear mixed models were used for analyses. Results: Self-perceived competence improved significantly at 3 months after training (p < 0.001). Occupational therapists, specifically, and rehabilitation professionals generally with less clinical experience reported greater improvement compared to physiotherapists and those with longer experience (p < 0.001). Rehabilitation professionals overall with shorter clinical experience also reported higher self-perceived utility of the acquired SPHMM competence (p < 0.001), but occupational therapists and physiotherapists did not differ significantly (p = 0.369). Conclusion: Among rehabilitation professionals, greater self-perceived competence and self-perceived utility of the acquired competence in SPHMM is possible after HMC training. Improvements were greater for those with shorter clinical experience. By enhancing competence among rehabilitation professionals, HMC training has the potential to advance working person-centered and efficient transfer practices in interdisciplinary care settings. This study was supported by HMC Sweden.</p
Dawsonia: Digitizing handwritten observations in weather journals
No full textNearly all meteorological agencies in the world, including SMHI, possesses troves of archived observations spanning decades in paper format. Dawsonia is a proof-of-concept application which combines accurate computer vision algorithms and machine learning models to handle different forms of tabular data, convert handwritten text and produce machine-readable files. This would aid and accelerate the digitization work from the paper archives into data, which is done manually as of now. As a result of the project, SMHI aims at digitizing numerous historical weather observations that will help a better understanding of the climate, especially of the occurrence of extreme weather events. The method implemented in Dawsonia is presented along with the development process. We also describe how the machine learning models were trained on LUMI, an EuroHPC supercomputer with technical support from ENCCS.Dawsoni
Continuous Fabrication of Strong, Scalable, High-Yield, and Sustainable Materials from Aspen
No full textLightweight materials with high strength are desirable for advanced applications in transportation, sports equipment, construction, automotive, and aerospace. Aspen is fast growing, has low flammability, and is renewable and readily available. In this study, we present a continuous, high-yielding, efficient, scalable, and sustainable approach for the fabrication of strong materials from aspen by synergistic selective chemical modification and continuous hot pressing. FTIR analysis revealed changes in the chemical composition of the wood polymers, including the introduction of anionic groups, while SEM images showed morphological and structural transformations such as smoother surfaces and a more compact wood structure. The proposed strategy achieved up to 258 MPa (530% increase) in tensile strength by combining enhanced ion-bonding and hydrogen-bonding with the alignment of cellulose nanofibrils and the solidification of softened, depolymerized lignin through cross-linking reactions. This work demonstrates the continuous large-scale production of lightweight, strong structural materials under energy-efficient and mild modification conditions, suitable for the green fabrication of next-generation advanced materials from wood. The financial support by the Swedish National Research Council (VR), Mid Sweden University, and the European Regional Development Fund (grant number 20358390) is acknowledged. The research work was also financed by the Knowledge Foundation project HiPeMaCell, with cofinancing from Ipco AB, Holmen AB, Åre Skidfabrik AB, Vitudden Kanotvarv VKV AB, and 6/5/4 AB. The research was als osupported by the Knowledge Foundation-financed research profile Neopulp.</p
Improving Firefighter Protection : Development of small-scale testing for the particle penetration of personal protectiveequipment (PPE) clothing using standardised combustion from cone calorimeter
No full textAtt rekrytera till stål- och metallindustrin i Västerbotten och Norrbotten
No full textDenna mindre studie och kartläggning har genomförts inom ramen för projekten Framtidssäkrad industrikompetens Norrbotten med fokus på stålindustrin respektive Framtidssäkrad industrikompetens Västerbotten med fokus på metallindustrin. Dessa projekt är initiativ med syfte att stärka små och medelstora företags förmåga att möta de kompetensutmaningar och möjligheter som följer i spåren av industrins gröna omställning i regionerna.Projekten finansieras genom Tillväxtverket via Fonden för en rättvis omställning, en EU-fond som riktas till regioner med höga utsläpp och omfattande omställningsbehov.</p
BEV Laggards : Barriers to Car Electrification in Sweden
No full textWe investigated which demographic groups in Sweden are lagging in battery-electric vehicle (BEV) adoption and whether the deployed public charging infrastructure has contributed to reducing these gaps. Using high-resolution national registry data, we analyzed vehicle-age-adjusted BEV and PHEV ownership patterns across income levels, housing types, and access to charging. We found that low income and living in apartments are the strongest barriers to adoption, and that public charging availability has not significantly increased BEV uptake among apartment residents. Based on these findings, we recommend policies that lower public charging costs, strengthen incentives linked to vehicle use, improve charging access quality for apartment dwellers, and support retention of used BEVs in Sweden
Data centres as a source of flexibility for power systems
No full textThe increasing penetration of variable renewable energy resources and new demands have significantly heightened the need for flexibility in power systems. Data centres present a unique opportunity to enhance power system flexibility due to their substantial yet controllable energy consumption and advanced technological capabilities. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the potential role of data centres in improving power system flexibility. Initially, the flexibility requirements of modern power systems are defined, followed by an exploration of the flexibility assets and operational flexibility capabilities of data centres. Then, the flexibility capacities of data centres are examined, and the opportunities and benefits of leveraging this flexibility are explored, supported by case studies illustrating real-world examples. This paper underscores the vital role of data centres in the evolving energy landscape. In particular, the analysis reveals that data centres have a high potential to address the increasing flexibility requirements driven by the integration of renewable energy and the transition towards net-zero emission goals. Moreover, the findings emphasise key challenges, including ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) and adherence to Service Level Agreements (SLA), the need for further legislative development to facilitate data centres’ participation in energy markets and the provision of ancillary services, as regulatory frameworks differ across regions and variations exist in energy market structures. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders and data centre operators, demonstrating how data centres enhance the stability, flexibility and efficiency of power systemsThis work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) through funding provided to the Energy Demand Research Centre Project (grant number EP/Y010078/1).</p