RISE – Research Institutes of Sweden
Not a member yet
7718 research outputs found
Sort by
SågFlex - Flexible electricity use in sawmills
No full textProjektet SågFlex har studerat hur sågverk kan öka intäkter och minska kostnader genom att stötta elnätet. I projektet har (1) flexibel drift av produktion, (2) batterilagringssystem (BESS) och (3) flexibel laddning av elfordon modellerats som flexibla resurser. Resultat från projektets fallstudier visar relativt kort återbetalningstid för torkfläktar som flexibel resurs mot stödtjänsten FCR-D. Ersättningen på stödtjänstmarknaden för FCR-D har dock varierat kraftigt, vilket gör attåterbetalningstiden i en förenklad kalkyl har gått från mindre än en månad till 7–10 månader under projektets gång. Det återstår dock tekniska hinder som behöver överkommas för att möjliggöra denna flexibla resurs på det studerade sågverket. Resultaten visar också att det i nuläget finns en större lönsamhet i att använda BESS för stödtjänster mot elnätet (FCR-D) än för att kapa effekttoppar och minska effektabonnemang. Framtida förändringar i ersättning och elkostnader kan potentiellt ändra detta, och andra stödtjänster och flexmarknader kan vara aktuella. I projektet har även ett modelleringsverktyg tagits fram för att utforska hur laddningsmönster för elfordon kan utformas och anpassas till driften på sågverket. Resultat från verktyget visar att nuvarande effektabonnemang kan vara otillräckligt i perioder med mycket snabbladdning när eldrivna fordon ersätter konventionella fordon med förbränningsmotorer. Lösningen kan vara att använda ett BESS för att reducera effekttopparna och jämna ut effektuttaget från elnätet. Ett BESS ökar flexibiliteten i elfordonsladdning samtidigt som det kan ge ökade intäktsmöjligheter via stödtjänster eller andra flexmarknader. Energidata och teknikinformation har sammanställts med hjälp av Södraoch de andra projektdeltagarna, där ett av sågverken har fungerat som basför metod- och modellutveckling. Fem olika fall av flexibilitets- och stödtjänster mot elnätet har modellerats och analyserats. Dessutom har vibeskrivit affärsmodeller samt vilka tekniska och organisatoriska utmaningar som finns med utgångspunkt i sågverkens förutsättningar. Framtida forskning bör utreda hur hinder mot deltagande i stödtjänster bäst kan överkommas. Det bör också utredas vilka möjligheter industrin har att delta i fler typer av stödtjänster och flexmarknader.Projektet SågFlex pågick under åren 2023–2025 och finansierades av Energimyndigheten och de deltagande företagen. Forskningsutförare var RISE Research Institutes of Sweden och Stiftelsen Chalmers Industriteknik. Övriga projektdeltagare var Södra Skogsägarna, Checkwatt, Repono, Kalmar Solutions och Svenskt Trätekniskt Forum. Projektets referensgrupp bestod av Lars Olsson (Seniorit), Louise Kierkegaard (Adven), Slavisa Micanovic (Adven), Peter Bennewitz (Sympower), Patrik Stenberg (Bergkvist Siljan), Fredrik Lyckvind (Powerworks), Niklas Magnusson (Svensk Sågverksteknik AB) och Jessica Benson (RISE). Vi vill rikta ett speciellt tack till personalen på Södras sågverk som har bidragit med värdefulla erfarenheter från produktionsdriften.</p
Towards better language representation in Natural Language Processing A multilingual dataset for text-level Grammatical Error Correction
No full textThis paper introduces MultiGEC, a dataset for multilingual Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) in twelve European languages: Czech, English, Estonian, German, Greek, Icelandic, Italian, Latvian, Russian, Slovene, Swedish and Ukrainian. MultiGEC distinguishes itself from previous GEC datasets in that it covers several underrepresented languages, which we argue should be included in resources used to train models for Natural Language Processing tasks which, as GEC itself, have implications for Learner Corpus Research and Second Language Acquisition. Aside from multilingualism, the novelty of the MultiGEC dataset is that it consists of full texts — typically learner essays — rather than individual sentences, making it possible to train systems that take a broader context into account. The dataset was built for MultiGEC-2025, the first shared task in multilingual text-level GEC, but it remains accessible after its competitive phase, serving as a resource to train new error correction systems and perform cross-lingual GEC studiesSwedish Work on Swedish has been supported by Nationella Språkbanken and Huminfra, both funded by the Swedish Research Council (2018–2024, contract 2017-00626; 2022–2024, contract 2021-00176) and their participating partner institutions, as well as the Swedish Research Council grant 2019-04129.</p
Individers och organisationers lärande i arbetslivet – En forskningsöversikt
No full textDen här forskningsöversikten är framtagen inom ramen för projektet Textile Movement lifelong learning och syftar till att ge kunskap om hur engagemang, tillgänglighet och tillvaratagande kan öka inom arbetsplatslärande. Slutsatserna ska ge projektparterna – Högskolan Borås, Science Park Borås, Nordiska Textilakademin och RISE – en vetenskaplig grund inför konceptutveckling av lärandeinsatser till små- och medelstora företag, med målsättningen att accelerera omställningen mot en mer cirkulär och hållbar textilindustri i Västsverige. Forskningen visar att både individer och organisationer behöver utveckla förmåga till kontinuerligt lärande och resiliens för att kunna bidra till och stärka sin relevans i den gröna omställningen. Viktiga delar för att åstadkomma det handlar om att utveckla såväl det informella som det formella lärandet på området samt att omvandla tyst kunskap till explicit kunskap inom organisationer. Organisationer behöver förstå lärande som en affärskritisk aspekt och skapa strukturer och en kultur som stödjer utvecklingen av nya förmågor och kunskapsspridning
Prevent - Utveckling av enkät om digital arbetsmiljö
No full textFör att möjliggöra en tillförlitlig mätning av digital arbetsmiljö genomfördes inledningsvis en omvärldsanalys i syfte att kartlägga området och identifiera befintliga mätinstrument. Utifrån denna analys formulerades ett antal frågeområden med tillhörande frågor, vilka därefter prövades i en enkät bestående av tio frågeområden och totalt 36 frågor. De psykometriska analyserna visade att frågeområdena teknik och IT-säkerhet, arbetsprocesser, stress, koncentration, digital kompetens och stöd samt delaktighet var och en kunde utgöra psykometriskt välfungerande index. Frågeområdena socialt respektive övervakning, som vardera omfattade två frågor, bedömdes däremot vara mer lämpade som bedömnings- eller screeningsskalor, eftersom antalet frågor är för begränsat för att de ska kunna bilda egna mättekniskt tillförlitliga index. Sammantaget innebär rekommendationen från RISE att instrumentet bör bestå av åtta frågeområden med totalt 27 frågo
Kartläggning av taxibolags erfarenheter, rutiner och beteenden rörande stenskott i Sverige
No full textThis report presents the results of activity 7 within the project “Stone chips on windshields – in-depth analysis of causes and correlations.” The aim was to map how stone chips occur, are handled, and are perceived by taxi drivers and industry players who work with windshield repair and replacement. The studies consisted of a survey of drivers and passengers within Taxi Stockholm, as well as interviews with both taxi drivers and representatives from the automotive glass companies Carglass and Ryds Bilglas. The results show that stone chips mainly occur in heavy traffic environments, poor road maintenance, and high speeds, especially on access roads and motorways. Technical changes in modern cars, such as larger glass surfaces and thinner windows, have led to an increase in damage. Repairing stone chips in a timely manner is considered crucial to reducing costs, avoiding window replacements, and reducing climate impact. Despite this, measures are sometimes delayed due to factors such as the season, uncertainty, and a perceived lack of incentive. Solutions need to encompass technology, governance, and collaboration. Reducing the number of stone chips and increasing the proportion of repairs requires targeted efforts from insurance companies, repair shops, authorities, vehicle manufacturers, and professional drivers
Tensile Fracture Initiation and Propagation of Granite and Gneiss at Wedge Splitting Tests : Part 2—Fracturing Studies Based on Digital Image Correlation and Thin Section Analysis
No full textThe crack development in quasi-brittle granite and brittle gneiss under mode I loading condition was monitored using digital image correlation (DIC) technique during wedge splitting tests. The cracking behavior was studied on granite specimens that were split in one material direction, perpendicular to the rift plane, and gneiss specimens that were split in three different material directions, parallel and perpendicular to the foliation (along and across a lineation). The granite specimens had a saw cut 5 mm-wide notch and a blunt round notch in form of a 32 mm borehole. The gneiss specimens had a saw cut notch. The results from the DIC measurements revealed a meandering and branching crack path for the granite, whereas a smoother crack path for the gneiss with almost no branching. This behavior was confirmed by microscopy images from thin sections taken from specimens after testing. The thin sections showed that the fractures were prone to propagate across grains in the more coarse-grained granite than in the fine-grained gneiss, where the fractures propagated almost entirely along grain boundaries. The crack initiation occurred mainly in the corner of the saw cut notches and centrally in the round notch. However, the initiation locations in the granite were affected by the medium- to coarse-grained microstructure with grains preventing initiation and propagation which yielded displaced positions out from the ideal ones with respect to the highest stress in some cases. The crack opening displacement was determined along the crack path from the DIC measurements at 12 stages on each specimen of the advancing crack during the splitting progress. The critical crack opening displacement and length of the fracture process zone were assessed and the crack front position yielding the crack length along the tests was determined. The results showed a critical crack length when the deformations in the ligament (also called plastic hinge) affected the cracking process. The average crack velocity in gneiss during the test was more than twice as high as in the granite. This is attributed to a combined effect of the higher brittleness in the gneiss and the effect of a too large elastic energy in the specimen and test setup in relation to the dissipated fracture energy which made the initial crack propagation in the gneiss specimens nearly unstable. The strain energy release rate was calculated along the crack propagation and showed a lower value when the crack lengths were less than 40–60 mm. The calculation of the strain energy release rate was made on crack length measurements from DIC results. The results from the investigation were discussed in relation to the few other similar results found in the literature. The findings give an insight and understanding of the cracking process via both qualitative and quantitative results. Several used methods were novel or not used together in a single study as in this one.Open access funding provided by RISE Research Institutes of Sweden. The sampling, sample preparation, experiments and the basic evaluations were carried out within the European project HYDRASPLIT, Grant Agreement No. FP7-SME-2012-1-315530. </p
Slambiokol i region Halland – fosforåtervinning, regelverk, lokalisering och ekonomiska förutsättningar
No full textSludge biochar in the Halland region – phosphorus reuse, regulation, localization and economic feasibility Thermal treatment of municipal sewage sludge has gained interest in Sweden in recent years. With respect to smaller wastewater treatment plants, an investment in thermal treatment may be more attractive if a collaboration between utilities is formed and treatment is performed regionally. This study investigated the feasibility of sludge pyrolysis in the Halland region, southwest Sweden. The current sludge volumes in Halland were mapped, the potential benefits of using sludge biochar in agriculture were investigated, the regulations relevant to sludge pyrolysis and use of sludge biochar were investigated, and lastly the economic feasibility of sludge pyrolysis and associated sludge logistics were investigated. The analysis was based on data collected from utilities in the region and technology providers, as well as literature data. The logistics assessment was based on current sludge volumes produced in Halland and the average distances to final site of disposal. The economic feasibility was calculated in terms of net present value (NPV) and payback period. Based on its phosphorus content, sludge biochar is interesting as a phosphorus fertilizer; however, the plant availability of phosphorus needs to be considered. Other potentially positive effects of using sludge biochar in agriculture is the increased nutrient retention capacity of the soil as well as the liming effect. Further, literature data indicates that sludge biochar has lower toxicity compared to dewatered sludge. Regulations for sludge biochar are expected to evolve during the coming years. The logistics assessment indicated that four separate sludge pyrolysis plants (including drying) would be more transport efficient compared to one centralized pyrolysis plant. This was expected since drying and pyrolysis greatly decreases sludge mass. However, the economic feasibility assessment indicated that one central pyrolysis plant would be preferable. Conservative baseline assumptions indicated that sludge pyrolysis would not reach pay off within 20 years (NPV of -96 mSEK). With a projected increase in alternative sludge disposal cost, the NPV was calculated to be 57 mSEK, with a payback period of ~16 years. It is important that the choice of sludge management takes alternative future forecasts into account in order to identify the most suitable solution to invest in. Key factors in the future forecast are upcoming requirements for the quality of wastewater products used on arable land, as well as requirements for the recirculation of plant nutrients. These are expected to have great significance from an economic point of view.Funding: Länsstyrelsen i Halland, via LOVA-bidrag, samt från region Halland.</p
Membranes and separators from cellulose fibrils of different degrees of refining
No full textMembranes and separators are crucial components in many processes and devices. The state-of-the-art fossil-based membranes have a high carbon footprint, and polyfluorinated membranes are increasingly phased out. These limitations lead to an inevitable transition that calls for carbon-neutral membranes with the same or even better performance that can be produced at scale and low cost. Cellulose membranes have the potential to fulfill these criteria if they can be tuned for different purposes. A way to tailor cellulose membranes by preparing them from cellulose fibrils of different refining degrees is presented. The membranes’ effective pore size and permeability to PEG, Fluorescein, and different ions were characterized. The membranes were efficiently used as separators in aqueous-based Zn-ion batteries and PEDOT supercapacitors. This work demonstrates a route toward high-performing and versatile cellulose membranes that can be produced at scale in a more sustainable membrane industry. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Digital Cellulose Centre, an excellence center partly funded by the Swedish Innovation Agency VINNOVA (Grant number 2016-05193).</p
KAJT Projektkatalog 2025-03-31: FORSKNINGSPROGRAM KAPACITET I JÄRNVÄGSTRAFIKEN
No full textForskningsprogram Kapacitet i järnvägstrafiken – KAJT – syftar till att förstärka järnvägssystemets förmåga att tillgodose samhällets transportbehov. Målet för forskningen inom programmet är att förbättra nyttjandet av järnvägssystemet och utforma effektiva och pålitliga trafikflöden med tillhörande tjänster. Forskningsprogrammet bidrar till att utifrån infrastrukturella förutsättningar på strategisk, taktisk och operativ nivå ge järnvägsbranschen bättre koncept, modeller, verktyg och metoder så att svensk järnväg blir världsledande inom effektivitet, kvalitet och flexibilitet.Forskningsprogram KAJT har sju akademiska parter: Blekinge Tekniska Högskola (BTH), Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), Linköpings universitet (LiU), Lunds universitet (LU), RISE Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Uppsala universitet (UU), Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut (VTI). Trafikverket är programmets huvudfinansiär. Programföreståndare är Martin Joborn, RISE och LiU, och Trafikverkets kontaktperson är Magnus Wahlborg.</p
Measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe of circulating fluidized bed full-loop system
No full textTo control solids circulation and optimize design and operating parameters in a circulating fluidized bed full-loop system, measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe were conducted. Different aeration gas flows were injected at the inclined pipe, which was equipped with different orifice sizes of 37Â mm, 54Â mm and 75Â mm, for regulating solids flow rates. The magnetic tracer-tracking method, which only needs to inject one small magnetic tracer for each measurement to follow the main solids flow, was successfully demonstrated for measuring sand particles’ real-time discharge rates, with good accuracy and no calibration requirement. A mathematical model was constructed to predict solids discharge rates and investigate the adverse effect of the pressure gradient in the standpipe bed in a full loop fluidized bed system. The optimization of the solids-return and circulation unit could therefore be achieved with the tools developed in this study.The work was carried out within the national Biokraft 2023 project (No P2022-00586) and the EU BioFlexGen project (No 101037085). Funding from the Swedish Energy Agency and the EU Horizon 2020, and the experimental work of Håkan Jonsson and Kim Thomas are gratefully acknowledged.</p