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The effect of prosody on listening comprehension : Immediate and delayed recall
No full textPrevious research has indicated that listening comprehension is affected by both linguistic and emotional prosody. Similarly, listening to natural speech (human voice) benefits listening comprehension more than synthesised speech (text-to-speech). The current study aimed to further investigate the effect of prosody on listening comprehension and its impact on memory performance in four different prosody conditions: natural speech (control); synthesised speech, and two manipulated human voice conditions (manipulating lexical stress and prosodic phrasing respectively). Crucially, we measured both immediate and delayed (one-week follow-up) recall of the content. Participants listened to four audio files playing different narrated texts read in each of the four prosody conditions (natural speech, synthesised speech, lexical stress, and prosodic phrasing). The participants then answered multiple-choice questions about the content of said texts. After one week, they answered the content-based multiple-choice questions again. The results showed that listening to the information in the unmanipulated human voice (natural speech) led to better memory retention compared to the other conditions in the immediate recall, but no differences between the conditions were found one week later. The findings indicate that while natural speech initially leads to better comprehension, this advantage may not persist over time.
The importance of clinical supervision and teaching methods for midwifery students’ confidence in intrapartum care. A mixed method study
No full textObjective: Midwifery students’ need to be confident, and it is important to identify factors that might affect students’ confidence. Achieving registration as a midwife requires academic, clinical and professional competence. In the 1,5-year post-nursing program in Sweden 50% is allocated to clinical practice, and students must assist a minimum of 50 births. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the significance of supervision and to consider both theoretical and practical aspects of midwifery education. This study intends to identify relationships between midwifery students’ confidence in intrapartum care and associated factors. An additional aim was to provide a member check of the validity of the findings. Methods: All midwifery programs in Sweden participated in this cross-sectional study, where 238 (78%) midwifery students completed a questionnaire based on the competency descriptions by the International Confederation of Midwives. Confirmatory interviews were conducted for checking the results relevance. Result: The organization of midwifery education, satisfaction with supervision and theoretical teaching significantly impacted students’ confidence. Few background variables were associated with confidence. Conclusion: Clinical supervision was important. Students preferred lectures and practical demonstrations instead of self-studies. The structure and quality of both practical and theoretical training are crucial for building confidence. Newly graduated midwives qualitatively confirmed the results of the analysis. They also experienced a stressful environment, only focusing on to assist at the required 50 births.
Ung i periferin : Om bilden av Norrland i nutida ungdomslitteratur
No full textUppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur nutida ungdomslitteratur förhåller sig till Norrlandsdiskursen och om den bild av Norrland som dominerat i såväl kulturen som media lever vidare i romanerna. Tre samtida ungdomsromaner som utspelar sig i norra Norrland analyseras: Linda Jones De tar allt ifrån mig (2023), Lova Laksos Så jävla kallt (2019) och Mitt hjärta borde slå någon annanstans (2019) av Mia Öström. I analysen utgår uppsatsen från postkolonial teori samt nyckelord och dikotomära motsatspar som diskuterats i tidigare forskning: modernitet-primitivism, kultur-natur samt centrum-periferi, och hur ungdomsromanerna förhåller sig till dessa. Analysen fokuserar dels på hur platsen och invånarna gestaltas i romanerna, dels på vilka teman och motiv som förekommer. Alla tre romanerna beskriver helt eller delvis Norrland som liktydigt med periferi, med natur snarare än kultur och med motsatsen till modernitet: det vill säga som något bakåtsträvande och traditionellt. Alla tre vrider och vänder dock på bilden av Norrland och på vad modernitet innebär. Samtidigt som de bibehåller bilden av Norrland som perifert, försöker de etablera en bild av periferin som värdefull, meningsfull och i viss mån även just modern.Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2025-06-05</p
Hur jobbar skolor med säkerhet och krisberedskap i praktiken? : En studie av en svensk gymnasieskola
No full textArtificial Intelligence in Education as Lifelong Learning : What Should be Learnt?
No full textThe rapid development of tools and techniques in the field of Generative AI (GenAI) has affected many sectors. One of these sectors is definitely education, where teaching, learning, assessment, curricula and policy document need to be revised and updated. Many research studies also highlight the necessity for teacher professional development regarding Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED), as AIED is also a field under constant development and will need continuous upskilling during the coming years. There are now teacher training courses in fundamental AIED available, and more are under development. There seems to be a consensus regarding what an introduction course in AIED should comprise, but not regarding which topics continuation courses should follow-up related to continuous lifelong learning. With the heutagogical idea of asking the learners about what to learn, this question was posted to participants in a course on fundamental AIED. In a discussion forum, course participants gave their suggestions and commented on other course participants' postings. Moreover, the forum postings were supplemented with suggestions and comments from email conversations between the authors and course participants. According to the concept of Open Coding, forum postings and email conversations were analysed and divided into the categories of: AI didactics, GenAI tools for teaching, Prompt engineering, Audio generation and Voice cloning, Customisation of AI models, AI and disinformation, Applicable takeaways and AI sustainability and ethics. All of the categories were found to be relevant in a second Axial coding reanalysis. The category Applicable takeaways was found to be the axial category that ties all of the categories together for a meaningful course design. The conclusion is that a continuation course, as in introductory courses on AIED, must contain both theoretical parts with themes such as AI sustainability and ethics, but also concrete applications such as AI didactics to fulfil the aim of Applicable takeaways. Finally, it could be difficult to involve all the categories in just one or two continuation courses. However, as mentioned earlier, AIED should to be seen as continuous lifelong learning. FAIT
From Framework to Practice : A Study of Positive Behaviour Supports Implementation in Swedish Compulsory Schools
No full textImproving the social environment conducive to learning in schools is a critical challenge globally and within the Swedish context, as education systems face persistent issues like a lack of classroom safety and a concurrent crisis in teacher well-being and professional leadership. Therefore, various intervention frameworks are implemented to address the issue. This study investigated how two Swedish compulsory schools implemented the Positive Behaviour Supports (PBS) framework. By combining classroom observations and teacher interviews, the research addresses a gap in existing research that often provides an incomplete view of actual practices. The results, based on observations and interviews with 14 staff members, confirmed that PBS successfully creates a calm and predictable school climate. Teachers consistently maintained a calm demeanour and used clear lesson structures, along with positive feedback. However, the study also revealed a significant gap between the intended proactive nature of PBS and the observed reactive behaviours of teachers. While the framework fostered a shared, collaborative approach among staff, it was inconsistently applied when it came to proactive strategies, such as explicitly teaching social and life skills. The results suggest that future professional development should focus on helping teachers shift from a reactive to a more consistently proactive and positive model of behavioural support
Reshaping higher education designs and futures : Postdigital co-design with generative Artificial Intelligence
No full textThis article examines how collaborative design practices in higher education are reshaped through postdigital entanglement with generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). We collectively explore how co-design, an inclusive, iterative, and relational approach to educational design and transformation, expands in meaning, practice, and ontology when GenAI is approached as a collaborator. The article brings together 19 authors and three open reviewers to engage with postdigital inquiry, structured in three parts: (1) a review of literature on co-design, GenAI, and postdigital theory; (2) 11 situated contributions from educators, researchers, and designers worldwide, each offering practice-based accounts of co-design with GenAI; and (3) an explorative discussion of implications for higher education designs and futures. Across these sections, we show how GenAI unsettles assumptions of collaboration, knowing, and agency, foregrounding co-design as a site of ongoing material, ethical, and epistemic negotiation. We argue that postdigital co-design with GenAI reframes educational design as a collective practice of imagining, contesting, and shaping futures that extend beyond human knowing
CodeNoCode Predictive Modeling : Co-Development with LLMs for Transparency and Inclusivity
No full textIn this position paper we propose what we here call a CodeNoCode (CNC) approach to the creation and evaluation of predictive models. NoCode tools are increasingly becoming more powerful, but there is a lack of understanding about the practical/industry adoption of predictive modeling NoCode tools such as KNIME or Orange. To speed-up adoption-in particular for non-technical users- we find this a good time to investigate the LLM-supported co-development of code and GUI (NoCode) for Machine Learning (ML) tasks. ML code follows a rather sequential structure which limits the complexity of the automatic creation of modeling code and as a consequence also the representations and integrations of the modeling process and analysis within a graphical interface. CNC avoids intermediate model formats (transparency), and, in support of LLMs, can be made programming language agnostic while opening up for collaboration between coders and non-coders, in support of LLM assistants (inclusivity).
Sjuksköterskans möte med blodsmittade patienter : En litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Blodburna smittor som humant immunbrist virus (HIV) och hepatit är vanliga sjukdomar som sjuksköterskan träffar i sitt dagliga arbete. Att arbeta i närvaro av en smittsam sjukdom kan påverka sjuksköterskan i sin yrkesprofession som kan leda till sämre bemötande av patienterna, vilket kan leda till otrygghet samt utgöra en fara för patientsäkerheten. Målet med omvårdnaden ska utgöras av personcentrerat synsätt, genom Joyce Travelbee omvårdnadsteori samt Martin Bubers filosofi om jag och du relationen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med blodsmitta. Metod: En litteraturöversikt genomfördes baserad på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar bestående av kvalitativa och kvantitativ ansats. Resultat: Sjuksköterskorna beskrev känslor av rädsla att bli smittad under pågående arbete, en efterfrågan av mer kunskap om dessa sjukdomar från grundutbildningen. Reflektioner gjordes av egna fördomar och attityder vilket påverkade omvårdnaden. Diskussion: Sjuksköterskors rädsla och osäkerhet kan påverka omvårdnaden för blodsmittade patienter som kan leda till sämre följsamhet till behandling och vidare leda till sämre livskvalitet för patienterna. Genom att sjuksköterskan blir medveten om sina egna rädslor genom ökad självmedvetenhet så kan unika relationer skapas i vårdrelationen genom ett genuint närvarande förhållningssätt hos sjuksköterskan. Slutsats: Implementering av ökad kunskap om blodsmittor från grundutbildningen samt kunskap inom etik bidrar till att sjuksköterskan blir mer medveten. Genom att reflektera hur sina egna tankar och fördomar bidrar det till att stigmatisering kring blodsmittade patienter fortsätter. Där sjuksköterskan äger ansvaret till att stigmatisering upphör.2025-11-05</p
Does the level of descriptive representation of women have any consequences for policy spending?
No full textThis study examines the potential link between descriptive and substantive representation. More precisely, we examine whether a higher level of political descriptive representation of women improves their substantive representation in terms of policy spending in areas that are known to be prioritized by women. We use data from a pooled sample of all of the 290 Swedish municipalities covering the years from 1994 to 2021. We make at least four contributions to the research field: we use multiple measures of (1) women’s political representation and (2) policy spending, and we also (3) test assumptions at the subnational level, where policy spending matters most, and (4) assess them over a longer period of time, stretching across almost three decades. In contrast to our expectations, the findings show that the descriptive representation of women has no influence on policy spending; instead, economic and demographical aspects dominate.