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On-Device Anomaly Detection in Conveyor Belt Operations
No full textConveyor belts are crucial in mining operations by enabling the continuous and efficient movement of bulk materials over long distances, which directly impacts productivity. While detecting anomalies in specific conveyor belt components has been widely studied, identifying the root causes of these failures, such as changing production conditions and operator errors, remains critical. Continuous monitoring of mining conveyor belt work cycles is still at an early stage and requires robust solutions. Recently, an anomaly detection method for duty cycle operations of a mining conveyor belt has been proposed. Based on its limited performance and unevaluated long-term proper operation, this study proposes two novel methods for classifying normal and abnormal duty cycles. The proposed approaches are pattern recognition systems that make use of threshold-based duty-cycle detection mechanisms, manually extracted features, pattern-matching, and supervised tiny machine learning models. The explored low-computational models include decision tree, random forest, extra trees, extreme gradient boosting, Gaussian naive Bayes, and multi-layer perceptron. A comprehensive evaluation of the former and proposed approaches is carried out on two datasets. Both proposed methods outperform the former method in anomaly detection, with the best-performing approach being dataset-dependent. The heuristic rule-based approach achieves the highest F1-score in the same dataset used for algorithm training, with 97.3% for normal cycles and 80.2% for abnormal cycles. The ML-based approach performs better on a dataset including the effects of machine aging, with an F1-score scoring 91.3% for normal cycles and 67.9% for abnormal cycles. Implemented on two low-power microcontrollers, the methods demonstrate efficient, real-time operation with energy consumption of 13.3 and 20.6 J during inference. These results offer valuable insights for detecting mechanical failure sources, supporting targeted preventive maintenance, and optimizing production cycles.
Rolling bearing fault diagnosis in noisy environments using Channel-Time parallel attention networks
No full textIn Industry 4.0 intelligent manufacturing, rolling bearings serve as core components of rotating machinery. Their health status directly impacts the safety and reliability of entire manufacturing systems. However, existing fault diagnosis methods face critical challenges in noisy environments, including layer-wise feature information attenuation, insufficient multi-scale feature capture, and limited noise robustness. Such limitations create an urgent need for high-precision and robust deep learning diagnostic techniques. To address these challenges, this study proposes Channel-Time Parallel Attention Network (CT-ParaNet). The network innovatively designs a channel-time parallel attention mechanism that synchronously processes channel and temporal feature correlations to effectively solve information degradation in serial structures. The network constructs multi-scale parallel attention residual blocks using parallel multi-branch architecture with adaptive gating mechanisms to capture and fuse multi-scale fault features. Additionally, it establishes a serial-parallel hybrid processing architecture that systematically integrates parallel attention mechanisms with multi-scale feature extraction modules for hierarchical and parallel fine processing of fault signals. Experimental results on two independent bearing fault datasets show CT-ParaNet achieves accuracies of 98.53% and 98.29%, improving by 15.84 and 16.15% points over traditional methods respectively. Under extreme − 5dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, accuracies remain above 87% across Gaussian white noise, impulse noise, and colored noise environments. With only 0.1 training data ratio, accuracies exceed 92% on both datasets. CT-ParaNet significantly enhances accuracy and robustness of bearing fault diagnosis in noisy environments, providing important technical support for intelligent manufacturing equipment health monitoring.
Sovrum i Polarvagnen 2027 : Ett examensarbete i samarbete med SoliferPolar AB.
No full textFöljande rapport redovisar arbetet som gjorts i ett kandidatexamensarbete på uppdrag och i samarbete med företaget SoliferPolar AB. De tillverkar husvagnar av det svenska varumärket Polar. Projektets syfte har varit att utveckla ett nytt sovrumskoncept till Polarvagnen 2027. Under många års tid har utvecklingen av detta utrymme stått stilla och därav är dagens sovrum ganska lika de som producerades för 25 år sedan. Polar vill utveckla ett sovrumskoncept som uppfattas modernt och nytänkande men samtidigt behålla fokuset på kvalité och skandinavisk design. I uppdraget från Polar framgick ett antal avgränsningar, bland annat att projektet skulle utgå ifrån den befintliga planlösningen BQDA (och BQWL, dvs BQDA spegelvänt). Detta innebär att sängens placering och modell var bestämd sedan innan. Genom en strukturerad designprocess med ett analytiskt förarbete och därefter ett kreativt utforskande har konceptet resulterat i ett sovrum som fokuserar på funktion, komfort och estetik. De mörka färgvalen kombinerat med reflekterande koppardetaljer och de varma träytorna ger sovrummet en ombonad känsla där närheten till naturen är betydande och har en stark koppling till det norrländska landskapet. Med fokus på funktionalitet innefattar resultatet en mängd förvaringsmöjligheter samt nya innovativa lösningar för ett smidigare och bekvämare boende.
Impact of Camera height and Field-of-View on distance judgement and gap selection in digital rear-view mirrors in vehicles
No full textThis study investigates how different camera perspectives presented in digital rear-view mirrors in vehicles, also known as Camera Monitor Systems, impact drivers’ distance judgment and decision-making in dynamic driving scenarios. The study examines (1) the effects of field of view and (2) camera height on drivers' ability to judge distances to rearward vehicles and to select safe gaps in potentially hazardous situations. A controlled lab-based video experiment was conducted, involving 27 participants who performed distance estimations and last safe gap selections using a simulated side-view mirror display. Participants viewed prerecorded driving scenarios with varying combinations of field of view (40°, 76°, 112°) and camera heights (1 meter, 2.3 meter). No significant effects were found for camera height, but wider field of views led to more accurate distance estimations. However, the use of a wider field of view also increased the risk of potentially dangerous overestimations of distance, as evidenced by the last safe gap results. This suggests that a wider field of view leads to the selection of smaller and potentially risky gaps. Conversely, narrow field of views resulted in underestimations of distance, potentially leading to overly cautious and less efficient driving decisions. These findings inform Camera Monitor Systems design guidelines on how to improve driver perception and road safety, to reduce accidents from vehicle distance misjudgments.
Incumbency, Localness, or Accumulation? : A Conjoint Experiment on Multiple-Mandate Holding
No full textMultiple-mandate holding (MMH), i.e. the simultaneous exercise ofat least two directly elected political functions, is a widespread butcontroversial political practice. Theoretically it can be argued toconstitute a valuable personal vote earning attribute (PVEA)among candidates due to its’ combination of the incumbencyand local background traits, but previous scholarship has alsoshown that citizens tend to be quite critical towards it. However,whether and how the practice of MMH affects voter preferenceshas not been previously empirically explored. The purpose of thisstudy is thus to contribute to this line of research by exploringthe potential causal impact of the practice of MMH, making avaluable empirical contribution to scholarships of voterpreferences and candidate traits. We examine this question byutilising a conjoint survey experiment carried out in 2023 inFinland, a country that recently (in 2022) established a newregional government tier, thereby enabling the possibility forpoliticians of being simultaneously elected at three differentinstitutional levels. The results of the study confirm that MMH asa candidate trait has the potential to be disadvantageous forindividual candidates during elections
CHIMI GLACIAL BLACK : Designade för alla äventyr!
No full textSnö i kombination med höga höjder ökar behovet av att skydda ögonen mot skadlig UVstrålning.I miljöer med extrem solstrålning, där aktiviteter såsom bergsbestigning och toppturerutförs, krävs pålitligt ögonskydd. Glaciärglasögon är utformade för att blockera både direktsolljus och reflektioner från snö och omgivning. De har täckande design och skyddandelinser som minskar risken för snöblindhet. Utöver skydd mot starkt ljus, erbjuder de ävenskydd mot vind och smutspartiklar.Projektets syfte är att designa ett par glaciärglasögon för CHIMI som både erbjuderfunktionalitet och estetiskt tilltal för användarna.Rapporten redovisar den designprocess som genomförts i tre delar: analytisk fas, kreativfas och presentationsfas, inklusive val av metoder, genomförande och de beslut som lettfram till det slutgiltiga designförslaget. Projektet resulterade i ett par glaciärglasögon medfunktioner och skydd som gör det säkert att vistas i extremt ljusa utomhusmiljöer samtidigtsom de tilltalar modevärlden. Designen visualiseras både digitalt och fysiskt i slutet avrapporten
Att kunna läsa är allas rättighet : En studie om lärares arbete för att främja läsutvecklingen
No full textLäsning är en rättighet för alla människor. Trots detta visar PISA upp sjunkande siffror för elevers läsförståelse i årskurs 4. Det finns många studier som visar hur vi lär oss läsa, hur vi utvecklar vårt läsande och hur vi skapar sammanhang och mening med det vi läser. Genom fonetisk medvetenhet ska eleverna kunna sammansätta ord men för att skapa mening och sammanhang för orden behövs ytterligare lässtrategier. I denna studie undersöks hur några lärare i svenska skolor använder sig av olika strategier och metoder för att hjälpa eleverna som har svårigheter med att lära sig läsa. Lärarna använder sig av flera olika strategier som ska stötta eleverna men det upplevs svårt att namnge dessa strategier.Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2025-04-17</p
Personal and perceived stigma towards mental disorders among attendants of patients with mental illness in selected health facilities of Bangladesh
No full textThe objective of this study was to explore the stigma among attendants (close relatives or other caregivers) who brought patients with mental illness to the selected mental health facilities in Bangladesh. This mixed-method study was part of a nationwide survey where respondents were conveniently selected. Cross-sectional data were collected from 176 attendants of patients with mental illness, and qualitative data were collected from 40 respondents. Quantitative data were collected in hand-held tablets using the Day’s Mental Illness Stigma Scale questionnaire. Qualitative data was collected in recorders, using a semi-structured guideline. The attendants had more stigma around the patients’ ability to maintain relationships, hygiene and discretion regarding their illness, with the highest level of stigma towards hygiene issues (score: 5.4). There was more positive attitude towards the treatability, curability, and recovery of the patients due to faith in the professional expertise of the service providers at mental health facilities, with the least level of stigma towards professional expertise (score: 6.4). Older people, females, and educated attendants were generally less stigmatized towards patients with mental illness than their counterparts. This study found that more stigma was present around the domains’ relationships, hygiene, anxiety, and visibility, while less stigma was present around the domains’ treatability, curability, and recovery of the patients. Further studies can be conducted to understand the effect of various factors on stigma, to aid in the development of interventions and counselling frameworks.
Sexist and Discriminating Language in British Football Articles : A Critical Discourse Analysis Comparing the Language Use in British Newspaper Articles About Women’s and Men’s Football
No full textSlutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2025-06-08</p
Digitaliserade historiska arkiv – förflackande forskning och annalkande arkivdöd : En studie i faktiska och potentiella konsekvenser när Riksarkivets historiska arkiv blir digitalt tillgängliga
No full textDigitized historical archives refer to digitally accessible historical archive documents, which can be used remotely by researchers and other citizens – regardless of location. The National Archives of Sweden carries out so-called digitization: the storage of older archive documents in image format for digital access. The procedure seems to mean that fewer people seek out the physical archives. The identified problem is the potential consequences of the digitization of historical archives. These are partly research-related: increased such digitization risks threatening the breadth of research when research is focused on digitized documents, as well as the future of the reading rooms of archival institutions. A development that, despite its dignity, is not often the subject of critical discussion, which is why a critical theoretical approach has been considered justified. The National Archives' annual reports for 2010–24 and the two most recent archive investigations constitute source material, but only the annual statistics – on reading room visits, ordered volumes, digital visits and digitization – can by no means provide any complete answers. Thus, both numbers and text are interpreted: the former are hard facts, while the latter show the National Archives' – and the archive investigations' – interpretations, explanations and perceptions on the subject. The statistics show a continued sharp decline in reading room visits as well as ordered volumes: visits decreased from 77,904 to 21,491 between the years 2008 and 2024. At the same time, the intention continues to be increased digitalization. Thus, the role of the reading rooms as knowledge centers is challenged, just as research continues to be at risk of being focused on digitized documents and thus falter.Med digitaliserade historiska arkiv åsyftas digitalt tillgängliggjorda historiska arkivhandlingar, möjliga för forskare och andra intressenter att använda på distans – oberoende av lokalitet. Riksarkivet genomför så kallad digitisering: uppläggning av äldre arkivhandlingar i bildformat för digital åtkomst. Förfarandet verkar innebära att färre söker sig till de fysiska arkiven. Övergripande problem är de potentiella konsekvenser som digitaliseringen av historiska arkiv ger upphov till. Dessa är delvis forskningsrelaterade: ökad dylik digitalisering riskerar att hota forskningsbredden när forskningen fokuseras mot digitaliserade handlingar, liksom framtiden för arkivinstitutionernas läsesalar. En utveckling som trots sin dignitet inte ofta görs till föremål för kritisk diskussion, varför en kritisk teoretisk ansats ansetts befogad. Riksarkivets årsredovisningar 2010–24 och de två senaste arkivutredningarna utgör källmaterial, men enbart den årliga statistiken – om läsesalsbesök, framtagna volymer, digitala besök och digitisering – kan ingalunda ge några fullödiga svar. Därmed tolkas såväl siffror som text: de förra utgör hårda fakta medan de senare visar på Riksarkivets – och arkivutredningarnas – tolkningar, förklaringar och uppfattningar om ämnet. Statistiken visar på en fortsatt kraftig nedgång av läsesalsbesök liksom framtagna volymer: besöken minskade från 77 904 till 21 491 mellan åren 2008 och 2024. Samtidigt fortsätter intentionen vara ökad digitalisering. Således utmanas läsesalarnas roll som kunskapscentra, likaledes som forskningen även fortsättningsvis riskerar fokuseras mot digitaliserade handlingar och därmed likriktas