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Lika för alla? Specialiserade kontra integrerade arbetsmodeller med våld i nära relationer. : En kvalitativ intervjustudie gällande hur kommuner med integrerad modell kontra kommuner med specialiserad modell arbetar med våld i nära relationer.
No full text2025-01-16</p
Swedish Copper, Spanish Hulls : Hans Jacob Gahn, a Global Arms Race, and Consuls' Economic Impact (1780-1784)
No full textInterregional and global economic connections continued to grow in the eighteenth century, but we know less about consuls' impact on commodity chains that were stretched thin across large distances. Using a microhistorical approach, we look at the activities of a Swedish consul in Cadiz, Hans Jacob Gahn, who supplied large amounts of copper sheets to the Spanish navy. It was Gahn's position as an official representative, not merely his networks in Spain and Sweden, that was crucial for winning and executing the contract: his consular post enabled him to leverage his social, political, and financial capital to drastically alter trade flows for the years he held the contract. As contractors, consuls had a significant economic function for both their sending and receiving states
Geografiskt tänkande i lågstadiet som grund för att utveckla geoförmågor
No full textDenna studie undersöker hur lågstadielärare geografididaktiskt utvecklar elevers förståelse för globala och lokala samband samt de utmaningar som uppstår i undervisningen. Genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem lärare belyses arbetssätt, verktyg och metoder, samt svårigheter att undervisa om abstrakta och komplexa begrepp på ett sätt som är begripligt och meningsfullt för yngre elever. Resultaten visar att undervisningen ofta börjar i elevernas närområde och gradvis vidgar perspektivet till globala frågor. Lärare betonar vikten av kartkunskap, studiebesök och digitala verktyg för att konkretisera ämnet och koppla det till elevernas verklighet. Studien identifierar också bristande resurser och behov av åldersanpassade läromedel som utmaningar. Teoretiskt analyseras resultaten genom ett geoförmågeperspektiv för att förstå hur geografisk undervisning kan bidra till kraftfull kunskap som stärker elevers geografiska tänkande och kritiska förmågor.2025-01-15</p
Co-occurring cyber and in-person victimisation of bullying and sexual harassment : the associations to depressive symptoms in Swedish adolescents
No full textBackground Poor mental health has increased among adolescents in recent decades. Bullying and sexual harassment, both cyber and in-person, are each associated with increased depressive symptoms in adolescents and being victimised by co-occurring types is more common than just one single type of victimisation. The study aimedto investigate the association between co-occurring victimisation and depressive symptoms in adolescents when controlling for screen time, social support, physical activity, and personal relative affluence. Method Cross-sectional survey data from 1211 respondents (50.1% girls) aged 15–16 were used to conduct modified Poisson regression with robust error variance analyses for girls and boys separately. Four scales were used to measure cyber and in-person bullying and sexual harassment, and CESD-R10 was used to measure depressive symptoms. Results About 47% of girls and 20% of boys experienced all four types of victimisation, and about 12% of girls and 25% of boys experienced none of them. When controlled for all included variables, all number of victimisation types of bullying and/or sexual harassment were associated with depressive symptoms in girls. In comparison, only four types of victimisation were associated with depressive symptoms in boys. Conclusions The study showed that co-occurring victimisation was associated with depressive symptoms even after controlling for other relevant factors in both genders. However, in girls, all numbers of victimisation were associatedwith depressive symptoms
Do empowerments influence experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV)? : A multi-continental study of women across low and lower-middle-income countries
No full textBackgroundDistinct regional variations are observed in terms of factors influencing intimate partner violence (IPV) when women are empowered. This is a noticeable gap, and no comprehensive studies explore these influencing factors across different continents. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between women's empowerment, autonomy, and IPV across different continental regions.MethodThe Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) dataset across 26 countries with low and lower-middle-income countries was used in this study. We focused on a sample of 56,175 women aged 15-49 who had experienced IPV. For data analysis purposes, we have used the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression using Stata. We also account for complexities related to the survey and incorporate sampling weights.ResultsAmong 56,175 women from all six continents, 22,236 experienced IPV. IPV prevalence varies across regions, ranging from 12.81% in Cambodia [95% CI: 11.75%-13.92%] to 69.61% in Sierra Leone [95% CI: 66.93%-72.18%], with an overall prevalence of 39.46%. Empowered women demonstrated reduced odds of experiencing IPV, with notable protective effects in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa (e.g., Burundi: OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.29-0.44) and South and Southeast Asia (e.g., Cambodia: OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.30-0.50), However, exceptions such as Nigeria (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.30-1.79) underscore regional disparities in the impact of empowerment.ConclusionsEmpowering women socially through employment opportunities and autonomy significantly reduces the prevalence of IPV. Notably, women living below the poverty line and with limited education face heightened vulnerability. It is crucial for policymakers, organizations, and communities to utilize these findings to create more comprehensive environments for working women
Dari version of International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) : In a sample of Afghan students
No full textBackground: The International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) is a validated tool based on the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) criteria for assessing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD). While it is well-established, further validation is needed across diverse samples and broader psychopathological measures. Objective: The present study aimed to retranslate and validate the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) in a sample of Afghan students. The present study was descriptive and validation-based. Method: The statistical population of this study was 227 undergraduate students at Herat University, Afghanistan, who were studying in the 2024–2025 academic year. In this study, students were selected using convenience sampling and completed an online survey (Qualtrics). To calculate test-retest reliability, 50 people were also selected and completed the ITQ within two weeks. In this study, the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) was administered. Results: Different models were tested for confirmatory factor analysis; the findings showed that the second-order six-factor model was the most appropriate model for ITQ in the present sample. Additionally, the ITQ exhibited high reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 and a test-retest reliability of 0.70 over two weeks. Conclusion: Given the strong psychometric properties of the Dari version of the International Trauma Questionnaire, it is a reliable tool for both research and clinical assessments. Its use is highly recommended for psychologists and mental health professionals in diagnostic and investigative contexts.
Basal Melting and Oceanic Observations Beneath Central Fimbulisen, East Antarctica
No full textBasal melting of ice shelves is fundamental to Antarctic ice sheet mass loss, yet direct observations remain sparse. We present the first year-round melt record (2017-2021) from a phase-sensitive radar on Fimbulisen, one of the fastest flowing ice shelves in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. The observed long-term mean ablation rate at 350 m depth below the central ice shelf was 1.0 +/- 0.5 m yr-1, marked by substantial sub-weekly variability ranging from 0.4 to 3.5 m yr-1. 36-h filtered basal melt rate fluctuations closely align with ocean velocity. On seasonal time scales, melt rates peak during austral spring to autumn (September-March), driven by both elevated ocean velocities and thermal driving near the base. The combined effect of thermal driving and current speed explains the majority of the melt rate variability (r = 0.84), highlighting the dominant role of shear-driven turbulence. This relationship enables parameterization of melt rates for the decade-long ocean record (2010-2021), although deviations appear under low and high forcing conditions. Both observed and parameterized melt rates show similar yearly mean magnitudes compared to satellite-derived melt rates but with a tenfold lower seasonal amplitude and a 3-month delay in seasonality. These detailed concurrent ice-ocean observations provide essential validation data for remote sensing and numerical models that aim to quantify and project ice-shelf response to a change in ocean forcing. In situ measurements and continued monitoring are crucial for accurately assessing and modeling future basal melt rates, and for understanding the complex dynamics driving ice-shelf stability and sea-level change
Comunicação Estratégica na Governança de Dados Indígenas [Strategic Communication in Indigenous Data Governance]
No full textO artigo examina a importância da comunicação estratégica na governança de dados indígenas, com enfoque na soberania desses dados. Por meio de uma revisão de literatura com abordagem descritiva exploratória, o estudo investiga como práticas de comunicação estratégica participativa promovem conscientização, empoderamento, diálogo e colaboração entre stakeholders. A comunicação estratégica é vista como uma ferramenta crucial para aumentar a conscientização, empoderar comunidades, facilitar o diálogo e promover práticas éticas e respeitosas na gestão de dados de povos e comunidades indígenas. Conclui-se que esse processo deve ser contínuo e adaptável às necessidades indígenas, valorizando suas vozes e avançando para uma governança de dados justa, inclusiva e equitativa
A network of networks : knowledge development across network boundaries
No full textPurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine knowledge development across network boundaries.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical part of this paper is based on a longitudinal case study of a Swedish regional strategic network (RSN) in a sparely populated area. Data was collected through interviews, websites and social media. The case focuses on the creation of sub-networks designed to improve collaboration among different experts. The paper analyses how knowledge evolved across these sub-networks, the RSN and social and business networks.FindingsThe case study demonstrates how RSN membership can foster knowledge development by building social networks not only among CEOs but also among other key positions within firms. These sub-networks facilitate relationship-building, which may lead to business exchanges. However, their primary value lies in the exchange of experiences, mutual support and knowledge sharing, all of which contribute to various aspects of firm development.Originality/valueThe study offers a longitudinal perspective on how RSNs in sparsely populated areas can support knowledge development by enhancing social networking among participating firms. It highlights the creation of sub-networks that strengthen connections across various firm positions
From peripheral challenges to core solutions : Exploring sustainable mobility in rural tourism
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the study of sustainable mobility in rural tourism areas. In particular, it aims to: i) contribute to a better understanding of the transport challenges faced by rural tourism areas; and ii) explore how to plan for sustainable mobility in such places. The overarching research question that has guided this investigation is as follows: How can rural tourism regions promote sustainable mobility? To achieve the aim of this thesis, two main aspects of sustainable mobility are addressed. Firstly, by incorporating perspectives from various stakeholder groups, including tourists, residents, second-home owners and practitioners involved in transport planning, the study seeks to gain a comprehensive understanding of transportation challenges and the travel practices of the various groups. Secondly, the thesis explores how Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) – a rarely-used participatory land use planning method in tourism studies - can aid in sustainable mobility planning. The thesis draws from several concepts and a theory. The concepts include monomodalism, car dependency, wicked problems, (un)desirable transport futures, automobility and public participation in planning processes. The theory is that of social representation. The thesis is based on a case study approach, focusing on four selected locations in Sweden: Sälen; Malung-Sälen; Älvdalen; and Åre. These locations are prominent rural tourism regions that face significant transport-related challenges for which they seek to implement sustainable solutions. A mixed-methods approach is employed, integrating both qualitative and quantitative techniques to address the objectives outlined in the five papers that make up the thesis. The findings of the thesis collectively show that the main challenge to sustainable mobility in rural tourism regions is one that can be termed a crisis of uncontested poly-challenges. In other words, these regions simultaneously face a conundrum of transport challenges, including the hegemony of the private car coupled with poor public transport services as well as a shortage of policy frameworks for developing sustainable mobility. In addition, the regions included in this study have historically been marginalised when it comes to transport planning research and policy, a situation which further exacerbates their peripheral position with regard to promoting sustainable mobility. This thesis makes a theoretical contribution to the fields of tourism and transport research. It does so by applying contemporary concepts in sustainability discussions and social representation theory to inform our understanding of transport challenges. Furthermore, by investigating the potential of the PPGIS method as a tool for sustainable rural mobility planning and how to design effective PPGIS studies for such planning, this thesis makes a methodological and practical contribution to the fields.Vid tidpunkten för disputationen var följande delarbete opublicerat: delarbete 5 manuskript.At the time of the doctoral defence the following paper was unpublished: paper 5 manuscript.</p