Mid Sweden University
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”Det är inte så roligt när inte Alice är här” : Hur aktiviteter och relationer bidrar till och hindrar att barn trivs i fritidshem
No full text Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap om barns trivsel i relation till deltagande i fritidshemmet, med särskilt fokus på hur fritidshemmets organisering möjliggör och hindrar detta. I studien används belonging (tillhörighet) som teoretiskt begrepp för att analysera barnens beskrivningar av trivsel i fritidshemmet. Data producerades genom semistrukturerade gruppintervjuer med barn där de fick rita och berätta om sin vardag i fritidshemmet. Den analyserades med fokus på barnens huvudangelägenhet. Möjligheten att få ta del av ”roliga” aktiviteter och att få vara del av relationer lyfts genomgående fram av barnen, både i deras bilder och i deras berättelser om vardagen i fritidshemmet. Motsatsen, att inte kunna vara del av detta, beskrivs som störande i förhållande att känna tillhörighet. Resultatet visar hur barnen ”gör” trivsel genom olika gränsdragningsprocesser utifrån fritidshemmets organisering av tillhörighet i grupper och den egna individuella identifikationen och anknytningenThe aim of this study is to contribute to our understanding of children’s well-being in the context of school-age educare (SAEC). Specifically, we focus on how the organization of SAEC either facilitates or hinders their well-being. To explore this, we employ the theoretical concept of ”belonging” and analyze children’s descriptions of their well-being within SAEC. We collected data through semi-structured group interviews with children who attend SAEC. During these interviews, the children were asked to both draw and discuss their everyday experiences in the SAEC. Our analysis centered on identifying the children’s ”main-concerns”. The children consistently emphasized the importance of participating in “fun” activities and forming relationships. This emphasis was evident in their drawings and narratives about daily life in the SAEC. Conversely, the inability to participate was identified as disruptive to their sense of belonging. Overall, our results highlight how children actively construct their well-being using boundary work baTo make the Invisible Visibl
In Search of Eco-Democracy : Education for Mutually Beneficial Flourishing
No full textThis paper begins with crises; environmental, social and democratic. And then it posits that in the midst of these crises there might be an opportunity. One that involves not so much "saving"democracy and sustaining current ways of life but shifting attentions towards potentially creating (re-creating) something different. Something we are calling eco-democracy. There have long been voices, calling for a more environmentally thoughtful form of democracy. After tracing a short discussion of this history including some of the critiques we turn to an exploration of eco-democracy in environmental education. Our argument is that some forms of environmental education are already thinking in more eco-democratic ways without necessarily naming the project as such. In order to do this, we focus on five 'seedlings' of eco-democracy that already exist in environmental education. These seedlings allow us to do two things. First, draw connections to Wild Pedagogies and second draw out four key considerations for environmental educators if they are interested in having more eco-democratic practices: voice, consent, self-determination and kindness. The paper ends with a short speculative exploration of what might happen pedagogically if environmental education were to assume an eco-democratic orientation through honouring voice, consent, self-determination, and kindness.
To Take Leave or Not to Take and How Long to Take? : A Study on Swedish Fathers' Parental Leave Use
No full textResearch on determinants of fathers' parental leave use often focuses on fathers' characteristics but leave out that decisions are negotiated with the mother. This study asks how fathers' and mothers' characteristics as well as their combination are associated with fathers' leave use in Sweden, a country where parental leave sharing is encouraged. The results indicate that both fathers' and mothers' income and education matter for how long leave the father takes, albeit in gendered ways. Fathers with the lowest income tend not to use leave but if the mother also have no (or low) income, he will use long leave. Among middle-income fathers, a short leave is most common but if the mother has high income, they will instead use a long leave. Fathers' and mothers' tertiary education are positively associated with leave and two tertiary educations lead to a long leave rather than a short leave
Reoccurring science identities : Swedish secondary students’ interest in science and technology compared 2003 and 2020
No full textThis paper examines Swedish secondary students’ interest in science and technology from a gender perspectivein a comparative research design using quantitative data collected 2003 and 2020. National datahas been collected from 610 15-year-old students in 2020 as part of a large-scale comparative researchproject, the Relevance of Science Education - Second (ROSES) and compared with data from the Relevanceof Science Education (ROSE) study from 2003. The results empirically update the research field and showa reoccurring interest pattern with minor changes. Content related to space and unexplained phenomenaare still ranked as interesting to learn about. Girls are interested in health issues and the human body,space, dreams and the human soul. Boys favour items about space, inventions and discoveries togetherwith ABC weapons. Minor developments are that interest in learning about diets and exercise as wellas technology has declined. The least interesting things to learn are almost the same as in 2003, with several topics connected to the national science curriculum. The character of students’ interest in S&T isframed and discussed using the theoretical approach of science identity. The stable character with minorchanges is discussed as reoccurring science identities interpreted by the differentiation hypothesis of the“person-object theory of interest”. Gender differences are interpreted as collective identities shown to be‘domain specific’ not ‘subject specific’ and the content level of analysis provide specificity to ‘interest patterns’which has not been well described earlier in the research literature. Research consequences of thisconceptualization and implications for school practice is critically discussed. A research implication fromthis conceptualization is the importance for future studies to investigate varieties of collective identities
Att leva med schizofreni : En litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Schizofreni är en psykiatrisk diagnos som bland annat karaktäriseras av symtom som vanföreställningar och hallucinationer. Sjukdomen inkräktar på det dagliga livet och kan innebära ett stort lidande för den som är drabbad. För att förstå hur det är att leva med schizofreni är det viktigt att utforska personernas upplevelser av sjukdomen. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att undersöka upplevelsen av att leva med schizofreni. Metod: Designen är en litteraturöversikt. En kvalitetsgranskning genomfördes med hjälp av granskningsfrågor ur Friberg (2022a, s. 239) och en kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes enligt Graneheim och Lundman (2004). Resultat: I resultatet framkommer fyra huvudkategorier som personer som lever med schizofreni upplever; betydelsen av meningsfulla sammanhang, sjukdomens inskränkning på livet, behovet av stöd och vilka faktorer som påverkar återhämtningen. Diskussion: Det är viktigt att stötta personer som lever med schizofreni i det dagliga livet för att upprätthålla en god livskvalitet. Sjuksköterskans roll är central och betydelsefull för att skapa utrymme för detta. Slutsats: Schizofreni är en sjukdom som genererar svårigheter i vardagen på grund av de symtom som den medför. Nedsatt kognition är en av svårigheterna men även stigmatisering från samhället vilket gör att stödet från närstående och hälso- och sjukvården har en betydande roll för återhämtning efter sjukdomsskov men även för att främja välbefinnande och för att slippa onödigt lidande.Godkänd 2025-04-01</p
An efficient binary salp swarm algorithm for user selection in multiuser MIMO antenna systems
No full textThe past ten years have seen notable research activity and significant advancements in multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) antennas. An MU-MIMO antenna system must accommodate many subscribers without additional bandwidth or energy. User scheduling becomes a critical strategy to take advantage of multiuser heterogeneity and acquire maximum gain in systems where the total number of recipients exceeds the number of transmitting antennas. Due to their high computational cost, many user selection methods currently in use, such as greedy algorithms and exhaustive search are unsuitable for MU-MIMO systems. A suitable scheduling mechanism is essential for the various users in an MU-MIMO system to utilise bandwidth and enhance the system’s total rate effectively. In this article, we proposed a user and antenna scheduling with a population-based meta-heuristic approach, namely the binary salp swarm algorithm (binary SSA), to increase the system sum rate with low computing complexity. We specifically used a population-based meta-heuristics optimisation technique to simulate the user scheduling problem in MU-MIMO systems, characterising complicated issues with binary decisions. Additionally, binary SSA significantly outperforms existing population-based models, such as the binary bat algorithm (binary BA), PSO, SSA, FPA and binary flower pollination algorithm (binary FPA), regarding system throughput/sum rate. The proposed binary SSA technique also effectively achieves a system sum rate compared to a random search scheme and other existing suboptimal scheduling methods. Compared to binary BA and binary FPA approaches, the binary SSA has a higher convergence rate and superior searching capabilities. The simulation outcomes show the proposed binary SSA-based scheduling scheme delivers noticeable performance benefits.
Continuous Fabrication of Strong, Scalable, High-Yield, and Sustainable Materials from Aspen
No full textLightweight materials with high strength are desirable for advanced applications in transportation, sports equipment, construction, automotive, and aerospace. Aspen is fast growing, has low flammability, and is renewable and readily available. In this study, we present a continuous, high-yielding, efficient, scalable, and sustainable approach for the fabrication of strong materials from aspen by synergistic selective chemical modification and continuous hot pressing. FTIR analysis revealed changes in the chemical composition of the wood polymers, including the introduction of anionic groups, while SEM images showed morphological and structural transformations such as smoother surfaces and a more compact wood structure. The proposed strategy achieved up to 258 MPa (530% increase) in tensile strength by combining enhanced ion-bonding and hydrogen-bonding with the alignment of cellulose nanofibrils and the solidification of softened, depolymerized lignin through cross-linking reactions. This work demonstrates the continuous large-scale production of lightweight, strong structural materials under energy-efficient and mild modification conditions, suitable for the green fabrication of next-generation advanced materials from wood.
Bemöta barn med autismspektrumtillstånd : Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter
No full textBakgrund: Att bemöta barn med autismspektrumtillstånd (AST) kan vara komplext då dekan ha besvär med kommunikation, sensoriska intryck och socialt samspel. Att vårdas påsjukhus kan leda till svårigheter för dessa barn. Barn som vårdas på sjukhus uppskattar att fåinformation om sin vård och att få delta i vården. Föräldrar kan uppleva att vårdens miljöinte är anpassad för dessa barn, de uppskattar när personal efterfrågar föräldrars kunskapom sitt barn i vårdsituationer. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter avatt bemöta barn med autismspektrumtillstånd inom barnsjukvård. Metod: Arbetet utfördesmed kvalitativ design och 10 semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes för att samla in data.Data analyserades via en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Sjuksköterskorna beskrevsvårigheter med kommunikation och påpekade att AST är ett brett spektrum som kanuttrycka sig olika hos olika barn. För att underlätta bemötandet använde sjuksköterskorna ettindividuellt bemötande utifrån barnets behov, inkluderade föräldrar och icke-verbalakommunikationsmedel. Diskussion: Barn med AST behöver ett individanpassat bemötandevilket kräver mer tid och kunskap av sjuksköterskorna. Miljön i sjukvården behöveranpassas efter barn med AST då de är känsliga för sensoriska intryck. Sjuksköterskornaanpassar kommunikation och låter föräldrar vara inkluderade i vården vilket stämmer välöverens med familje- och barncentrerad omvårdnad. Slutsats: Mer utbildning om AST kange sjuksköterskor bättre förutsättningar för att ge ett gott bemötande. Vidare studier avbarnens och föräldrarnas upplevelse av bemötandet från vården kan ge fler perspektiv förhur bemötandet av dessa barn fungerar
Vanishing and nearby boundary cycles of complex non-isolated singularities
No full textThe local topology of singular points in analytic spaces is known, by work of Milnor and others, to be determined by its link L0. In this work, we look at holomorphic map-germs (X,0̲)→f(C,0) where X is an arbitrary reduced and equidimensional complex analytic space in some Cm. We compare the topology of the link L0 with that of the boundary of a local non-critical level, i.e., with the boundary of its Milnor fiber Ft. We study how the topology of the boundary ∂Ft changes as the non-critical level degenerates to the critical one.
Beyond Everyday Small Talk : A Qualitative Study on Registered Nurses' Confidential Conversations in Palliative Care
No full textAim: To explore and gain a deeper understanding of how registered nurses in palliative care develop personal and professional approaches in confidential conversations with patients. Design: A qualitative study using focus groups. Method: Between March and May 2024, 22 registered nurses working in specialised palliative care in the northern region of Sweden participated in five focus groups. The discussions were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretive description. Findings: Registered nurses pursued meaningful, supportive interactions during confidential conversations. Their reflections revealed vulnerabilities and the importance of continuous self-reflection, fostering growth, resilience and professional development. They sought ways to process emotional challenges, from individual reflection to peer discussions and structured supervision, refining their approaches. Four themes emerged: balancing external demands with inner motivation, recognising personal limitations, managing compassion with professional responsibility and gradually building trust. Conclusion: Reflection and continuous professional development are essential for navigating confidential conversations in palliative care. These practices help registered nurses balance empathy with boundaries whilst managing emotional and professional challenges. Peer support and shared learning, as well as fostering self-awareness and emotional resilience can enhance care quality and promote sustained professional growth across healthcare settings. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThis study highlights the emotional challenges registered nurses face in confidential conversations with patients at the end of life. Reflection and support help them handle these challenges and promote person-centred care by enabling patients to express their inner thoughts and wishes. The findings apply to palliative care and other settings caring for patients at the end of life. Reporting Method: Findings were reported following the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. Patient or Public Contribution: This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct or reporting