5782 research outputs found
Sort by
Influence of foliar application of aqueous extracts from plant leaves on the oil content of soybeans
No full textVodeni ekstrakti od biljnog materijala mogu uticati na ostvareni prinos i kvalitet zrna soje. Folijarna primena vodenog ekstrakta od mirođije povećava prinos soje za 32,33%, sadržaj proteina za 1,63%, smanjuje sadržaj ulja za 1,01%, povećava prinos proteina za 32,34% i prinos ulja za 31,00%, dok je primena vodenog ekstrakta od listova pasiflore povećala prinos soje za 21,78%, sadržaj proteina za 1,03%, smanjila sadržaj ulja za 1,59%, povećala prinos proteina za 23,03% i prinos ulja za 19,85%. Folijarna primena vodenog ekstrakta od listova smokve najviše je povećala sadržaj proteina (3,08%), dok je primena vodenog ekstrakta od listova banane najviše povećala sadržaj ulja u zrnu soje (0,72%).Aqueous extracts from plant material can affect the yield and quality of soybeans. Foliar application of aqueous fennel extract increases soybean yield by 32.33%, protein content by 1.63%, decreases oil content by 1.01%, increases protein yield by 32.34% and oil yield by 31.00%, while application of aqueous extract from passionflower leaves increased soybean yield by 21.78%, protein content by 1.03%, decreased oil content by 1.59%, increased protein yield by 23.03% and oil yield by 19.85%. Foliar application of aqueous extract from fig leaves increased protein content the most (3.08%), while application of aqueous extract from banana leaves increased oil content in soybeans the most (0.72%)
Oil content and yield depending on foliar application of aqueous banana and grapefruit extracts
No full textFolijarna primena vodenih ekstrakata od banane i grejpa ima pozitivan uticaj na prinos i kvalitet zrna soje. Folijarna primena vodenog ekstrakta od kore banane povećala je: prinos soje za 24,82%, sadržaj proteina za 0,60%, sadržaj ulja za 0,29%, prinos proteina za 25,57% i prinos ulja za 25,18%, dok je primena vodenog ekstrakta od ploda banane povećala prinos soje za 19,77%, sadržaj proteina za 0,68%, prinos proteina za 20,59% i prinos ulja za 18,04%, a smanjila sadržaj ulja za 1,44%. Folijarna primena vodenog ekstrakta od ploda grejpa bez kore smanjila je prinos zrna za 4,67%, sadržaj proteina za 1,45%, prinos proteina za 6,06% i prinos ulja za 3,44%, dok je povećala sadržaj ulja za 1,30%.Foliar application of banana and grapefruit aqueous extracts has a positive effect on the yield and quality of soybeans. Foliar application of aqueous banana peel extract increased: soybean yield by 24.82%, protein content by 0.60%, oil content by 0.29%, protein yield by 25.57% and oil yield by 25.18%, while the application of banana fruit aqueous extract increased soybean yield by 19.77%, protein content by 0.68%, protein yield by 20.59% and oil yield by 18.04%, and decreased oil content by 1.44%. Foliar application of aqueous extract of unpeeled grapefruit reduced grain yield by 4.67%, protein content by 1.45%, protein yield by 6.06% and oil yield by 3.44%, while increasing oil content by 1.30%
Growing season length and the method of heat units in spring vegetable pea production
No full textVegetable pea production hinges significantly on the duration of its growing season, primarily due to the fact that the period of optimal technological maturity of pea grains is short. Knowledge of the duration of the growing season for vegetable peas is of great importance from the aspect of production planning, especially on large-scale farms, in order to synchronize sowing and maturation timing with the capacities of mechanization for harvesting and processing. Interpretation of results based on weather conditions is of great importance as well, because environmental conditions closely determine pea yield and quality. In this paper, the length of the pea growing season was determined using the method of heat units for 12 different spring vegetable pea genotypes. The research included genotypes with varying growing season lengths, categorized as early, mid-early, mid-late, and late, spanning from 60 to 76 days. The examined pea genotypes accrued heat units ranging from 612.1 to 986.3, signifying varying degrees of heat accumulation. The methodology adopted for employing heat units in the planning of spring vegetable pea cultivation and maturation operates on the premise that heat accumulation during the growing season correlates linearly with growth and development intensity, as well as the duration of the growing season itself. Consequently, the summation of heat units emerges as a distinctive characteristic of each cultivar, facilitating informed decision-making in agricultural practices
Optimization of hemp production technology for fiber and seed
No full textIndustrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is one of the most intriguing agricultural crops worlwide. The hypothesis of this work was that industrial hemp properties would be affected by cultivar, seeding date, and row spacing effects on fiber and seed yield as measures of optimal production technology for specific hemp production outcomes. Field experiments were conducted in Bački Petrovac, Serbia (45.3568° N, 19.6173° E, at 82 m) during the 2020 and 2021 seasons following a multi-year pilot study. The study included 5 cultivars (Helena, J x USO31, Bob-1, H x USO31, and Marina). The three seeding dates were at the beginnings of April, May, and June, respectively. The three inter-row spacings were 12.5, 25, and 50 cm (4.92, 9.84, and 19.68 in., respectively). The results indicate that the tallest plants were obtained from plots seeded at 12.5 cm. Plants sown at a spacing of 50 cm exhibited a significant increase in stem thickness compared to those planted with a spacing of 12.5 cm. Overall, the fiber content varied between 26 % and 49.7 %. Cultivar Marina had the highest hemp fiber content (HFC) of all cultivars. The highest seed yield was obtained from cvs. H x USO31 and J x USO31, while cv. Marina had the lowest seed yield. Hemp seeds contained on average 88.6 % unsaturated fatty acids and 66.78 % new polyunsaturated fatty acids. Major polyunsaturated fatty acids in hemp oil were linoleic (C18:2 n6), gamma-linoleic (C18: n6) and linolenic (C18:3 n3) acids of which linoleic acid was most abundant, and it ranged from 45.3 % to 54.8 % in the analyzed seeds. The major monounsaturated fatty acid in the hemp seed oil analyzed in this study was oleic acid (an average of 15.09 % for all cultivars, seeding dates, and row spacing combinations). While the findings from this study are immediately applicable to the traditional hemp-production region of Vojvodina in Serbia, they can also be readily utilized by hemp fiber and seed growers at the same latitude across the world who want to improve agronomic sustainability of hemp, as well as for scientific readers all over the world
Improvement in sustainable production of medicinal herbs - mint, lemon balm and marshmallow
No full textThe paper presents the results of the gross margin of three lines of production of medicinal herbs: mint, lemon balm and marshmallow. The importance of improving the production of these herbs has been presented in the form of gross margins. All three herb species achieved the highest gross margins in 2023, which was the criterion for choosing them for the research. The structure and participation of individual variable costs for all three production lines has been presented in relation to total variable costs. A sensitivity analysis was performed, in order to study the impact of price and yield changes (10% and 20% increase and decrease in all three production lines, and the impact of changes in the two largest costs for each production line, 10% and 20% increase and decrease in costs). Based on all the analyses, it can be concluded that the production of mint, lemon balm and marshmallow is very profitable, where around EUR 4,000–EUR 7,500 per ha of profits can be achieved
NS Šareni, realizovana sorta pasulja
No full textNS Šareni, sorta pasulja, je realizovana u Srbiji otpremnicom br. PO24-00505 od 12.04.2024. godine
Effectiveness of a complex of flavonoids from soy, alfalfa and clover to increase the performance of rats under extreme physical loads
No full textВ статье рассматривается феномен повышения под влиянием
комплекса флавоноидов сои, люцерны и клевера работоспособности крыс до
47 % при экстремальных физических нагрузках.The article describes the phenomenon of an increase in the performance of rats
by up to 47 % under the influence of a complex of flavonoids from soy, alfalfa and
clover, under extreme physical exertion
Hypocholesteroemic effect of the composition of flavonoids of soybean, alfalfa and clover under conditions of experimental tween hyperlipidemia in rats
No full textАктуальность. Снижение уровня общего холестерина в коррекции дислипидемий представляет сложную проблему. Ее решение требует комбинированных подходов, среди которых актуально приме нение биоактивных ингредиентов растительного происхождения, конкурирующих с холестерином за абсорбцию в кишечнике. К таковым относятся некоторые биологически активные соединения сои, клевера и люцерны группы флавоноидов. Однако их влияние на состояние липидного обмена недостаточно изучено.
Цель исследования – оценить влияние комплекса флавоноидов клевера, люцерны и сои на показатели липидного обмена у крыс в условиях экспериментальной твиновой гиперлипидемии.
Материалы и методы исследования. Методом экстракции 70%-м этанолом из растительного сырья надземной части люцерны, клевера и из семян сои получен комплекс флавоноидов. В экспериментах in vivo исследовано его влияние в дозах 0,8 и 2,5 мг/кг на липидный обмен у крыс-самцов линии Wistar (n = 39) в условиях твиновой модели гиперлипидемии. В сыворотке крови определяли содержание общего белка, билирубина, глюкозы, общего холестерина, триглицеридов, липопротеины высокой плотности, липопротеины низкой плотности.
Результаты. Установлено, что прием 0,8–2,5 мг/кг комплекса флавоноидов клевера, люцерны и сои способствует снижению уровня общего холестерина у крыс в условиях экспериментальной твиновой гиперлипидемии на 13,3–22,5 %.
Заключение. В условиях экспериментальной твиновой гиперлипидемии установлено гипохолестеринемическое действие комплекса флавоноидов клевера, люцерны и сои
Retention of Phytochemical Compounds and Antioxidative Activity in Traditional Baked Dish “proja” Made from Pigmented Maize
No full textTwo genotypes of pigmented maize (black (BM) and red (RM)) were used as flour ingredients in several formulations of the traditional baked maize dish “proja”. This study investigated the stability of phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity in proja as affected by baking and different acidity degrees of dough formulations. Compared to RM proja, all BM proja formulations were significantly higher in antioxidant compounds and exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (73–85%) against DPPH. There was a strong significant correlation between DPPH inhibition and total phenolics (r2 = 0.95), flavonoids (r2 = 0.96), and anthocyanins (r2 = 0.97) in baked proja. After baking, 67–85% of total phenolics were retained. The fate of flavonoids and anthocyanins after baking was variable: from 70% degradation to liberation. Dough acidity significantly and positively affected the content of phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins in BM proja (r2 = 0.70, 0.82, and 0.47, respectively). Baking increased antioxidant activity against DPPH, •OH, and O2•− radicals in proja, except for ≈10% decline of DPPH inhibition in BM proja. In RM proja, retention of inhibitory capacity against O2•− was highly correlated to flavonoid retention (r2 = 0.71). Using pigmented maize flour in proja baking resulted in proja with appreciable content of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and high antioxidant activity, confirming the significant improvement of the nutrient profile of this traditional food
Mining Alleles for Creating Environment Resilient Sunflower
No full textSunflower is one of the most important oil crops grown on almost all continents. Its breeding has been intensified ever since the discovery of cytoplasmic male sterility and fertility restoration genes, which enabled the switch from varietal to hybrid breeding. Breeding and selection of desirable genotypes over a long period of time using the same selection criteria over and over again led to a depletion of the available genetic variability. As sunflower production is affected by both biotic and abiotic stresses, sunflower breeders are in constant search for genes that will increase its adaptability and productivity. In order to improve sunflower and make it more environment-resilient, breeders are looking for desirable resistance/tolerance genes in both the cultivated and wild sunflower gene pools, which, compared to other crops, are quite diverse and have been extensively used in cultivated sunflower improvement. Due to the moderate drought tolerance of sunflowers, the emphasis of sunflower breeding has been on increasing their biotic stress resistance to some of the main stressors, such as downy and powdery mildew, as well as broomrape. However, climate change has forced breeders to start intensifying breeding programs to increase tolerance to abiotic stresses, mainly drought. Biotechnological tools have made significant contributions to sunflower breeding by enabling targeted mining for desirable variability, identifying and localizing genes, and designing markers for marker-assisted selection, as well as helping overcome difficulties in crossing common and wild sunflowers. In this book chapter, an overview of efforts to improve sunflowers with an emphasis on desirable gene and allele mining is provided, along with future prospects and a proposed direction in which allele mining will facilitate further sunflower breeding