5782 research outputs found
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NS Kruna, sorta paprike
No full textNovostvorena sorta paprike NS Kruna priznata od strane Ministarstva poljoprivrede i zaštite životne sredine Republike Srbije.Rešenje broj 320-04-11177/2/2021-11 od 28.03.2024. godine
European Funding Opportunities in Agriculture
No full textThis is a material from the training delivered by the International Program Unit (API) of the Vice Presidency for International Affairs (VRI) of the Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - CSIC, Spain on 3 April 2024 to the administration staff of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Serbia within the CROPINNO project. The material gives introduction into European funding in the field of agriculture, in particular HEU , HEU Soil Mission, LIFE programme, Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), EIT FOOD funding options and different partnership in Cluster 6
Development of a standardized protocol for phenotyping of genotypic variation in sunflower root traits in response to drought stress
No full textSunflower is a globally grown oilseed crop, but yield is increasingly affected in many growing regions by drought periods. In the EU funded project CROPINNO, we aim to identify drought tolerance traits of sunflower, to facilitate breeding of drought tolerant cultivars. In a first experiment using the novel automated GrowScreen-Rhizo III phenotyping facility with soil-filled rhizotrons, we developed a standardized protocol to study sunflower root and shoot traits of inbred lines and commercial hybrids under control and drought conditions. Control plants were grown in well-watered peat substrate and watered daily. Drought plants were grown in predried substrate, and only watered once initially to facilitate germination. Plants were imaged daily to monitor root and shoot growth development non-invasively. After two weeks, stomatal conductance (gs) was measured and biomass, leaf area and total root length were destructively quantified. We hypothesized, that the drought stress protocol allows to reliably quantify differences in root traits in response to different soil water conditions, and to identify genotypic variation under drought conditions. Predried substrate and initial watering allowed establishment of most plants, but severely hampered plant growth. Drought stress of all lines was indicated by reduced root growth rate and lower biomass and gs compared to control plants. Hybrids were very similar in all quantified root traits, but showed a much faster growth compared to inbred lines. Inbred lines varied in root traits, including a wider root system of lines known for superior drought tolerance in the field. The results indicate the suitability of the applied protocol to monitor sunflower root growth under drought conditions, and demonstrate genotypic variation in root traits. Future experiments will include more genotypes to identify genomic and epigenetic markers which will facilitate breeding of cultivars with enhanced drought tolerance.[https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/1032228
Transcriptomic comparison between two sunflower lines regarding drought response under PEG treatment
No full textThis is a training material from the workshop for IFVCNS researchers titled Omics in Improvement for Drought Tolerance held on 4-5 September 2024 by UROS within CROPINNO project. The material covers transcriptomics in sunflower lines and drought response under PEG treatment, experimental setup, data quality control, and data analyses.Workshop program and report [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5594
Training school Non-invasive plant phenotyping approaches held in March 2024 FZJ program, report and pictures
No full textThis dataset contains the program, report and participant pictures from the training school Non-invasive plant phenotyping approaches held on 6-8 March 2024 by FZJ for eleven IFVCNS researchers and one UROS researcher within the project CROPINNO. The material gives the overview of the work done, main achievements and planned follow-up activities
Copper-doped and zeolite-combined TiO2 on polymer carrier for advanced dye removal
No full textThe synthetic dyes used in industries and households significantly pollute water, causing severe environmental degradation. Methylene blue is a synthetic dye widely used as a colorant for paper, wool, silk, and cotton. Due to its high environmental persistence, toxicity, and carcinogenicity, wastewater containing methylene blue highlights the urgent need for sustainable methods to remove it from water. Various methods, including biodegradation, adsorption, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and membrane filtration, have been explored for dye removal from water. Photocatalysis, an emerging AOP, is a promising method for treating dye wastewater because of the generation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals that rapidly and non-selectively oxidize a wide range of pollutants. In this study, the material based on copper-doped TiO2 photocatalyst in combination with zeolite was deposited as a layer on poly(methyl methacrylate) and used for methylene blue removal from ultrapure water. After 240 min of simulated solar irradiation, the materials demonstrated a high methylene blue removal efficiency of 21.2 %. The results of photocatalyst activity combined with the elimination of the need for water filtration revealed the practical utility of the novel materials
Electrochemical Detection of DNA in Agriculture Using Lamp-Based Amplification
No full textThe variety and complexity of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are increasing, which makes their detection harder than ever before. This impacts the traceability, safety, and monitoring of food. Current research indicates that GM crop technology may pose risks to human health and the environment. The aim of this study is the development of a LAMP-based GMO electrochemical detection device. LAMP amplification of P-35S, P-FMV, and T-NOS regions (three elements that are most often present in genetically modified plants as part of the transgenic construct) is done using gBlocks, synthetic dsDNA fragments that have an identical DNA sequence to that of the targeted part of a transgenic construct. Using single-stranded DNA probes containing methylene blue as a redox probe, the electrochemical DNA sensor detects LAMP products that are complementary to the target DNA. The probes were attached to the gold electrodes functionalized by gold nanoparticles, and 2D nanomaterials (MoS2, Mxenes, and reduced graphene oxide). The electrochemical methods, such as alternating current voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry were employed in testing the electrochemical detection response of the DNA probes immobilized on 2D nanomaterials. The research has shown that the obtained DNA detection signal depends significantly on the methods (and setup parameters) used in electrochemical detection, and the nanomaterials used on electrodes. The electrochemical detection resulted in a signal decrease consequential to the conformational changes of the DNA probes upon attachment of the target DNA. The methylene blue molecules attached at the top of the DNA probes get higher resistance in the electron transfer to the electrode materials, which makes the target DNA detection quantitatively and qualitatively visible. These results are promising for the development of a device that will enable a specific, sensitive, fast, cost-effective, and precise in-field detection system for the routine detection of GMOs
Ultrafast and low-cost synthesis route of Ti-based MXenes with high yields
No full textIn this study, the time-consuming conventional synthesis of MXenes by etching parent MAX phases in HF has been successfully reduced by about 500 times using the microwave synthesis method. Ti3C2 and Ti3CN MXenes were obtained by HF etching of Ti3AlC2 and Ti3AlCN (MAX phases), respectively, in a Teflon vessel placed in the microwave oven. A local temperature of reactants during microwave-assisted etching was found to increase rapidly due to dielectric heating. Because of enormous H2 formation during rapid microwave-assisted etching, the accordion structure of MXenes becomes more open and easier to delaminate into separate flakes only by mild ultrasonication. This method was found to provide a relatively high yield after etching for only a few minutes, whereas no intercalation agents after the synthesis are needed. Obtained MXenes were structurally characterized using X-ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Fluorescence, and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Morphological characterization was done by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Dynamic Light Scattering, and functional characteristics were evaluated by Cyclic Voltammetry and Impedance Spectroscopy. The functional properties of MXenes obtained using microwave-assisted etching were found to be comparable to those reported for conventionally synthesized ones. The MXene synthesis method developed in this study is the fastest-ever reported method for MXene synthesis
Soil conservation in old vineyards: what is the optimal level of intervention - is less more?
No full textIn viticulture, the soil can be strongly influenced, compared to the possibilities of anthropogenic influence on other abiotic factors of terroir, such as climate. Old vineyards, aged over 40 years, are characterized by small areas, rare grapevine varieties, lower vigour, and yields. Old vines have a deeper, more developed root system, traditionally believed to have improved access to nutrient and water reserves, sustaining themselves with minimal human intervention. The preservation of old vineyards is invaluable for the heritage of winegrowing areas, enhancing the conservation of genetic biodiversity. The study focused on six old vineyards identified as candidates for conservation in central Serbia, within the Tri Morave wine-growing region/PDO, known for its rich cultivation history. These vineyards, planted between 1930 and 1979, feature local grapevine varieties including Prokupac, Tamjanika, and Kavcina. Pedological investigations revealed two soil types: Eutric Cambisol (Ochric) and Haplic Vertisol. Mechanical composition was found to be linked to soil type, while pH and carbonate content were associated with the micro location. However, the content of organic matter and readily available nutrients P and K showed significant anthropogenic influence, indicating a notable deficiency in these elements. The soil is well supplied with accessible microelements (Zn, Fe, Mn), but has a very low boron content. Total copper content was high, exceeding 100 ppm at five locations due to prolonged use of copper-based fungicides. Insight into agricultural practices revealed imprecise record-keeping by owners, with old vineyards commonly left without fertilization, while pesticides are still applied. This research indicates the degradation of old vineyard soil, emphasizing the need for deliberate intervention. Vulnerable vineyards like these deserve all contemporary available nurture to ensure their survival. In the conservation process, non-invasive 'green' measures must be implemented aiming to restore soil health. It is necessary to avoid copper-based treatments and maintain continuous soil monitoring. Critical grapevine nutrition can be achieved through judicious foliar application, avoiding deep fertilizer incorporation with the aim of preserving undisturbed soil.[https://centennialiuss2024.org/
Growing season length and the method of heat units in spring vegetable pea production
No full textVegetable pea production hinges significantly on the duration of its growing season, primarily due to the fact that the period of optimal technological maturity of pea grains is short. Knowledge of the duration of the growing season for vegetable peas is of great importance from the aspect of production planning, especially on large-scale farms, in order to synchronize sowing and maturation timing with the capacities of mechanization for harvesting and processing. Interpretation of results based on weather conditions is of great importance as well, because environmental conditions closely determine pea yield and quality. In this paper, the length of the pea growing season was determined using the method of heat units for 12 different spring vegetable pea genotypes. The research included genotypes with varying growing season lengths, categorized as early, mid-early, mid-late, and late, spanning from 60 to 76 days. The examined pea genotypes accrued heat units ranging from 612.1 to 986.3, signifying varying degrees of heat accumulation. The methodology adopted for employing heat units in the planning of spring vegetable pea cultivation and maturation operates on the premise that heat accumulation during the growing season correlates linearly with growth and development intensity, as well as the duration of the growing season itself. Consequently, the summation of heat units emerges as a distinctive characteristic of each cultivar, facilitating informed decision-making in agricultural practices