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Research management at IBG2
No full textThis is a material from the training delivered by the Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany on 12 March 2025 to the administration and research staff of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Serbia within the CROPINNO project. The material covers strategic research areas, project management and knowledge and technology transfer at IBG-2 FZJ
Protocol for efficient root and shoot high-throughput phenotyping under drought stress of sunflower plants grown in soil-filled rhizotrons
No full textThis protocol for efficient root and shoot high-throughput phenotyping under drought stress of sunflower plants grown in soil-filled rhizotrons was developed by FZJ for the CROPINNO project
Influence of genotype and environment on the fatty acid profile and α-tocopherol content in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil
No full textSafflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) oil is appreciated for its high nutritional quality,
primarily due to a favorable fatty acid composition and the presence of bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, which contribute to oxidative stability and health benefits. With increasing interest in plant-based oils with functional properties, understanding the impact of genetic and environmental factors on oil composition is key to optimizing quality traits. This study examined the content of selected fatty acids—palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3) as well as α-tocopherol in oil extracted from two safflower genotypes cultivated at three locations in Serbia (Panţevo, Rimski
Šanţevi, and Sombor). The oil was obtained by cold hydraulic pressing and analyzed using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The average contents of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were 6.77%, 3.29%, 13.35%, 75.32%, and 0.26%, respectively, while α-tocopherol averaged 456.66 mg/kg. ANOVA showed that
palmitic acid, oleic acid, and α-tocopherol were significantly affected by genotype, location, and their interaction (p < 0.001), indicating high variability and potential for targeted improvement. Stearic acid was influenced by location and the genotype × location interaction (p < 0.05), but not genotype alone. Linoleic acid was affected by location and interaction, but not by genotype (p = 0.95). Linolenic acid was influenced only by location (p = 0.04), suggesting greater genetic stability. These findings highlight the importance of selecting optimal genotype–environment combinations to improve the nutritional and functional quality
of safflower oil. Traits such as oleic acid and α-tocopherol, which are highly responsive to both genotype and environment, are promising targets in breeding programs. Meanwhile, the relative consistency of stearic, linoleic, and linolenic acids supports their value in achieving stable oil composition
Uticaj klimatskih promena na proizvodnju kupusa
No full textCabbage growth and development require temperatures between 15 and 18ºC. However, for most of the growing season, cabbage is exposed to temperatures above 20ºC. To obtain the highest possible prices on farmer’s markets, cabbage producers start cabbage planting at the earliest possible dates (early or late autumn). Cabbage growth is “pushed forward” by more abundant irrigation, planting density, cultivation, and protection, to form a marketable (technologically mature) head in the shortest possible time and achieve the highest possible profit on the market. To improve the efficiency of water use and adapt cabbage to warmer and drier conditions, it is recommended to use modified production systems, with an emphasis on postponing the date of sowing or planting to mitigate the effects of temperature increase and drought during cabbage production. This paper aims to point out the effects of temperature and water stress and to provide solutions that can be practically applied to mitigate the negative impacts of these stress factors on cabbage production. Priority should be given to the development of production systems that improve the efficiency of water use adapted to the conditions of hot and dry weather. Irrigation of cabbage should be organised as drip irrigation, as this is a more rational system, with the possibility of comparative feeding and protection.Za rast i razvoj kupusa, optimalne temperature su od 15 do 18ºC. Međutim, veći deo vegetacionog perioda kupusa je izložen temperaturama preko 20 ºC. Iz razloga dobijanja što veće cene na zelenoj pijaci, proizvođači kupusa kreću sa što ranijim rokovima sadnje kupusa (ranog ili kasnog jesenjeg). Na sam kupus se „vrši pritisak” kroz obilnije navodnjavanje, gušći sklop, prihranu i zaštitu da bi u što kraćem roku formirao tržišno zbijenu glavicu (tehnološki zrelu), koja bi ostvarila što bolju dobit na tržištu. U cilju poboljšanja efikasnosti korišćenja vode i prilagođavanja kupusa toplijim i suvljim uslovima, za preporuku je korišćenje modifikovanih proizvodnih sistema. Akcenat možemo staviti na pomeranje datuma setve ili sadnje u cilju borbe protiv sve prisutnijeg povećanja temperature i perioda nedostatka vode tokom sezone uzgoja kupusa. Cilj ovog rada je ukazati na uticaj temperaturnog i vodenog stresa, te dati određena rešenja koja se mogu praktično primeniti radi ublažavanja negativnog uticaja pomenutih stresova na proizvodnju kupusa. Prednost bi trebalo dati razvoju proizvodnih sistema za poboljšanje efikasnosti korišćenja vode prilagođenih uslovima toplog i suvog vremena. Navodnjavanje kupusa bi trebalo organizovati sistemom kap po kap. Ovim sistemom navodnjavanja racionalnije trošimo vodu, uz mogućnost uporednog prihranjivanja i zaštite
Technological quality and resilience to environmental stress of Serbian old wheat local landraces and locally adapted varieties
No full textWheat is a key global crop, providing essential nutrients and bioactive compounds, including phenolic acids with antioxidant properties. In recent years, the cultivation of old wheat varieties and local landraces has gained attention due to their potential benefits in terms of nutritional quality and resilience to environmental stress. This study assessed the end-use quality and bioactive potential of 18 old wheat varieties, 12 landraces, and modern variety ('NS Grivna') grown in Serbia under changing climatic conditions. Analyses included grain yield, kernel weight, physicochemical properties, rheological tests (Mixolab, GlutoPeak), and phenolic content (HPLC-DAD, Folin-Ciocalteu). Results showed significant variability, with several old varieties and landraces exhibiting stable protein content, gluten quality, and antioxidant activity. These varieties are promising for breeding programs to enhance wheat resilience and nutritional quality. Additionally, several varieties were identified as rich sources of phenolic compounds, highlighting their potential for functional foods. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting resilient wheat varieties to secure food supply and improve wheat-based products nutritional value. Given that most of the old varieties and landraces investigated in these studies date back to the 1920s to 1960s, it is crucial to re-evaluate their performance under contemporary climate conditions, which have changed significantly over the past 20 to 30 years
Formulacija na bazi Trichoderma brevicompactum za primenu u održivoj poljoprivredi
No full textTehničkim rešenjem identifikovan je vrsta gljiva iz roda Trichoderma, koja je dala najbolje efektestimulacije klijanja semena i rasta biljaka paradajza.Za identifikaciju najefikasnijeg soja izvršena je izolacija gljiva roda Trichoderma iz različitih tipova zemljišta, nakon čega su izolati podvrgnuti daljem testiranju kako bi se procenila njihova sposobnost da stimulišu rast i razvoj biljaka.Primenjeni izolat Trichoderma brevicompactum SZMC 22661, izolovan iz poljoprivrednog zemljišta u organskoj proizvodnji, pokazao je izuzetne rezultate kao stimulator rasta biljaka.Ovaj soj pripada Trichoderma brevicompactum Species Complex (THSC) i svojim efektima značajno poboljšava procese klijanja, rastenja, prinosa kao i kvalitet ploda u različitim uslovima gajenja. Upotreba Trichoderma brevicompactum kao biostimulatora predstavlja ekološki prihvatljivu i ekonomski opravdanu alternativu mineralnim đubrivima. Njegova primena ne izaziva toksične efekte na biljke i životnu sredinu, čime se doprinosi razvoju održive poljoprivrede. Ovo rešenje doprinosi povećanju efikasnosti u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji, uz minimalne posledice po životnu sredinu i značajno povećanje ukupnog prinosa i kvaliteta proizvedenih plodova.Ovo tehničko rešenje je verifikovano na 42. redovnoj sednici MNO za BiP održanoj 19.09.2025. godine u kategoriji M82
CARINA.WP2.T2.5.2. Biostimulator Germination Tests Serbia.V1
No full textThis dataset shows the evaluation of the efficacy of KIMITEC-supplied biostimulant candidates on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seed germination dynamics and antioxidant status parameters under salinity (NaCl) and heat stress conditions. The testing was performed in controlled laboratory experiments at the Laboratory for Seed Testing and Laboratory for Testing Plant Materials and products of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia within the Horizon Europe project CARINA. The tested biostimulant was wood vinegar provided by project partner KIMITEC BIOGROUP SL, Spain. Quantitative data on seed germination dynamics and biochemical assays of antioxidant activity include germination energy - first count, germination percentage, atypical seedlings, non-germinated seeds, mean germination time, germination rate, shoot length, root length, seed vigor index, chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, carotenoids, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and proline. All data are expressed as a percentage of control. Wood vinegar was applied in different concentrations under optimal conditions, salinity stress and heat stress. Control was untreated seeds.This dataset is connected to: Bioinsecticide Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5703]This dataset is connected to: Bioherbicide Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5704
CARINA.WP2.T2.5.5. Bioinsecticide Tests Serbia.V1
No full textThis dataset shows repellent activity of bioinsecticide candidates in laboratory and field trials in Serbia within the Horizon Europe project CARINA The tested bioinsecticide was provided by project partner KIMITEC BIOGROUP SL, Spain. The assessment of repellent activity of bioinsecticide candidates against the rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae), the bean beetle (Acantoscelides obtecus) and the small flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) was performed under laboratory conditions at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia on 12-13 December 2023. The number of treatments used was 10 including control (non-treated control). Repellence was assessed using a 6-arm olfactometer, where in glass cups at the end of three arms, we placed papercuts treated with distilled water (control) while in other three arms, papercuts treated with bioinsecticidal candidate were placed. Separate olfactometers were used for each of the tested bioinsecticidal candidates. Repellence was estimated based on the number of insect specimens in arms of olfactometer after 1 h, 2 h and 24 h. After the experiment, candidates were classified as attractants or repellent based on Repellence index (RI) and a scale created by Talukder and Howse (1993). The assessment of the efficacy of bioinsecticide candidates against green pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) was carried out on the experimental fields of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia in April 2024. Field experiment was performed according to EPPO method PP 1/229 (1). Number of treatments was 12 including control (non-treated plot). Efficacy of the tested bioinsecticide was assessed based on mortality of green pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) after 1, 4 and 8 days after the treatment. Number of observations was 4.This dataset is connected to: Biostimulator Germination Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5701]This dataset is connected to: Bioherbicide Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5704
The potential of medicinal plants in modern pharmacology
No full textThe pharmacological potential of medicinal plants is becoming increasingly significant within the context of developing new therapeutic approaches. The active constituents of these plants have broad applications in supporting the immune system, regulating inflammatory processes, and managing various chronic conditions. However, variations in cultivation conditions, composition, and quality of plant extracts pose challenges in standardization and mass production. Modern extraction and analytical technologies have enabled the development of standardized products with optimized efficacy and safety. Scientific research contributes to understanding the molecular mechanisms of active components, as well as the impact of different environmental factors on their composition
The importance of nitrogen fixation in plant production
No full textNitrogen fixation is a key biological process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into a form available to plants, such as ammonia (NH3), which is of great importance for sustainable agriculture. The aim of this paper is to show different aspects of nitrogen fixation, with special reference to the influence of seed inoculation and genotypic differences on the efficiency of symbiotic fixation, morphological characteristics and plant yield. Based on numerous scientific studies, it was determined that the application of microbiological preparations (e.g. Nitragin) can contribute to more efficient nitrogen fixation and a higher plant yield, while the excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers reduces the number of root nodules and negatively affects the activity of nodule bacteria. The genotype of the plant proved to be an important factor in realizing the maximum potential for nitrogen fixation. The results confirm the importance of proper application of agrotechnical measures in the function of economically profitable and ecologically sustainable plant production