5782 research outputs found
Sort by
Taxon Papaver somniferum - Biological Properties and Possibilities of Application in Pharmacy
No full textPapaver somniferum is an annual plant, about 50 cm in height. The stem is hairless. The ground leaves are long-stalked, the middle leaves are short-stalked, and the upper sessile leaves enclose the stem. The flowers are large, single, white, pink or red. The fruit is a spherical capsule with many seeds. The plant blooms from June to August. Papaver somniferum is a pharmacologically active plant taxon, which produces alkaloids in secondary metabolism, so it is intensively used in pharmacy. The alkaloids are concentrated in the milky fluid (opium), which is obtained by cutting the immature pods of the plant. Opium is obtained by cutting the green pods of the opium poppy at a certain stage (the stage of opium maturity). It is a shiny, hard, resinous mass, it is dark red in color, bitter and pungent in taste, and has a specific narcotic smell. In addition to alkaloids, opium contains sugars, fatty compounds and minerals, resins and water. The main alkaloids extracted from Papaver somniferum are morphine, papaverine and codeine. Morphine has a pronounced effect on the nervous system, acts as a strong analgesic, causes behavioral changes and addiction. Papaverine causes smooth muscle relaxation and exerts spasmolytic action, while codeine acts as a depressant on the respiratory center and the cough center. The seeds of the plant species Papaver somniferum do not contain opium and are used in the food industry. The seeds and the fatty oil obtained from the seeds are used
NS Marko and NS Primus flaxseed - yield, quality and source of functional foods for improving health
No full textLaneno seme (Linum usitatissimum L.) i proizvodi njegove prerade bogati su hranljivim i bioaktivnim sastojcima i od velikog prehrambenog, stočnog i tehničkog značaja. U ogledima u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Bačkom Petrovcu, testirane su nove sorte uljanog lana NS Marko i NS Primus. Cilj ove studije bio je da se utvrdi uticaj genotipa na razvoj varijabli prinosa semena i tehnološkog kvaliteta dve sorte lana.Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and its processing products is a nutrient and bioactive ingredient-rich plant and are of great nutritional, livestock and technical importance. In trials at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Bački Petrovac, new varieties of oil flax NS Marko and NS Primus were tested. he aim of this study was to determine the influence of genotype on the development of seed yield and technological quality variables of two flax varieties, NS Marko and NS Primus, varieties with golden and brown seed colors. The varieties NS Marko and NS Primus achieved high grain yields and excellent technological quality. Standard evaluation methods were used in this study. Flaxseed had a specific color, smell, taste and in terms of safety it met quality requirements. A better result in terms of yield was recorded with the NS Marko variety. Flaxseed production is justified because flax has great nutritional advantages and is important for maintaining health. It is recommended as a functional food supplement in the prevention of cancer
The effect of intercropping winter oats and peas on powdery mildew control as a protective strategy in organic farming
No full textIntercropping cereals and legumes offers a sustainable and effective strategy for improving the health of organic farming systems. By combining cereal crops with legumes, this practice enhances biodiversity and promotes natural disease control, reducing the reliance on chemical pesticides and disrupts pest and disease cycles, ultimately leading to fewer outbreaks. Furthermore, legumes, such as peas, fix nitrogen in the soil, improving soil fertility and reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the variation in disease indices (DI) of powdery mildew in monocropping and intercropping systems with peas under different environmental conditions across two growing seasons. The field experiment was conducted over two
consecutive seasons (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. A winter oat variety, Jadar, was used, while the intercropping legume was the winter pea variety, Kosmaj. Leaf infection percentages were assessed using the modified Cobb scale, and DI was calculated according to the standard formula. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, Tukey pairwise comparisons, and two-sample t-tests, were used to determine significant differences in DI between oat plants across seasons and cultivation systems. The results of the Two-Sample T-test revealed a statistically significant difference between oats grown in different cultivation systems (P-Value = 0.000). Disease indices (DI) were significantly lower in oats grown in a mixture with peas (3.21) compared to oats grown as a monocrop (12.79). Tukey Pairwise Comparisons indicated that the DI of the stand-alone crop in the first growing season (14.92) was significantly higher than that of oats in the mixture during both the first (3.91) and second (2.50) growing seasons. Additionally, the DI of oats in the stand-alone crop in the second growing season (10.67) was significantly higher than that of oats in the oat-pea mixture in both growing seasons. No significant difference was found between the DI values of the stand-alone crops in the two seasons. Overall, the results suggest that intercropping winter oats with peas can reduce
powdery mildew disease indices under varying climatic conditions.[https://doi.ub.kg.ac.rs/doi/zbornici/10-46793-mak2025-178g/
Nutritional quality of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and the potential of its application in the food industry
No full textPrvi cilj istraživanja u okviru ove doktorske disertacije bio je biohemijska karakterizacija jedinjenja primarnog i sekundarnog metabolizma semena 172 genotipa sirka (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) i analiza nutritivnog kvaliteta semena radi odabira superiornih genotipova za primenu u proizvodnji visokokvalitetnih prehrambenih proizvoda. Karakterizacija glavnih parametara nutritivnog kvaliteta, koji karakterišu biološku vrednost zrna sirka, sprovedena je standardnim procedurama analize. Rezultati ispitivanja i dobijene vrednosti su upoređene sa međunarodno priznatim standardnim vrednostima (CXS 172-1989, CERSOR010, 2020) u cilju izdvajanja i dalje analize genotipova pogodnih za ishranu ljudi. Na ovaj način, izdvojeno je šesnaest genotipova u kojima je utvrđen polifenolni, aminokiselinski i masnokiselinski sastav, sadržaj makro- i mikro- elemenata i antioksidativna aktivnost. Takođe, izvršena je teorijska procena nutritivne vrednosti radi utvrđivanja potencijala ovih genotipova kao izvora makro- i mikro- elemenata kroz ishranu. Istraživanja su pokazala da je seme sirka dobar izvor makro- i mikro- elemenata koji su od vitalnog značaja za pravilan rad metabolizma, dok ga prisutne bioaktivne komponente čine jednim od perspektivnih sirovina za proizvodnju hrane sa dodatom vrednošću.The first goal of the research within this doctoral dissertation was the biochemical characterization of compounds of primary and secondary metabolism of 172 sorghum genotypes (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as well as the comparison of seed nutritional quality parameters, intending to select the most potent genotypes for use in the production of high-quality food products. The main nutritional quality parameters, which characterize the biological value of sorghum grains, were characterized using standard analysis procedures. The test results and obtained values were compared with internationally recognized standard values (CXS 172-1989, CERSOR010, 2020) in order to isolate and further analyze genotypes suitable for human consumption. In this way, sixteen genotypes were isolated in which the polyphenolic, amino acid, and fatty acid composition, the content of macro- and microelements, and antioxidant activity were determined. Also, a theoretical evaluation of the nutritional value was carried out to determine the potential of these genotypes as a source of macro- and microelements through nutrition. Research has shown that sorghum seeds are a good source of macro- and micro-elements that are vital for the proper functioning of metabolism, while the bioactive components present make it one of the promising raw materials for food production with added value.Doktorska disertacija je odbranjena 01.07.2025. godine na Poljoprivrednom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu
AgroServ: Building a sustainable future for European agriculture
No full textAgroServ is a European Union-funded project (Horizon Europe) that supports the transition to sustainable and resilient agriculture through agroecology. Running from 2022 to 2027, it brings together 73 partners across Europe and offers researchers free access to a wide range of scientific services and infrastructures. The project aims to address major challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, soil degradation, and sustainable food production by promoting multidisciplinary research and collaboration. AgroServ integrates services in fields like biology, ecology, data science, and socio-economics, and encourages stakeholder engagement through living labs and co-creation processes. A key goal is to develop a federated data infrastructure that supports FAIR principles and long-term knowledge sharing. By enabling holistic research and innovation, AgroServ contributes to shaping evidence-based policies and advancing sustainable farming systems across Europe. The Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad (IFVCNS) is one of the partners in AgroServ. With its long tradition in crop breeding, seed production, microbiology, agrochemistry, and extensive field trial capacities, IFVCNS contributes valuable expertise in sustainable crop systems. Their engagement strengthens AgroServ’s efforts in integrating practical, field-based research and farmer collaboration into the broader agroecological transformation across Europe. In the first two calls for transnational access (TA) projects, IFVCNS and its service Plant&Soil_Pheno were present in 4 submitted proposals, from which 3 were approved. So far, one of these projects was completed, the second is in the progress and the third will be started during the autumn 2025. The completed project Novel Biodiversity assessment Technologies for determination of Arthropods and Pollinators in Sunflowers, BioTechAPS, was focused on using advanced molecular tools to evaluate biodiversity in sunflowers, particularly in relation to drought-resistant hybrids. It contributed to understanding of how farming practices influence biodiversity, ultimately supporting the development of stable and healthy food systems
Valorization legumes related agrosystem services
No full textVALERECO aims to accelerate the adoption and recognition of legume crops as key drivers in the shift toward sustainable, productive, climate-resilient, and environmentally friendly farming systems. By assessing both the environmental and economic contributions of ecosystem services (ES) provided by eight major and four minor or underutilized legume species, the project supports greater crop diversification across the EU and associated countries. This diversification is expected to contribute to healthier diets and enhanced climate resilience. The project’s analytical framework includes a comprehensive review of ecosystem service legacies and an exploration of entry points for integrating legumes and their associated services into the evolving Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). To put this into practice, VALERECO will establish nine Living Labs across Europe to: (1) design behavioral strategies that promote legume uptake in both production and consumption, (2) conduct participatory field trials to evaluate legume performance in diversified systems, and (3) co-develop technical solutions that are both economically and environmentally viable. The project’s results will be widely disseminated through the creation of a Digital Legume Information Hub (DLIH), a Decision Support System (DSS) for farmers and advisors, and an open-access E-learning Platform for capacity building
Active role of IFVCNS in achieving ecological resilient dynamism for the European food system through consumer-driven policies, socio-ecological challenges, biodiversity, data-driven policy, sustainable futures
No full textThe EU-funded ECO-READY project will ensure that European farmers and society interests are reflected in future policymaking and monitoring with its real-time surveillance system. ECOREADY develops a central digital infrastructure (Observatory) that aggregates all existing data, models and knowledge on food security in the context of impact of climate change on agrobiodiversity and invasive species and genetic resources, sustainable productivity, animal and plant diseases and nutritional composition. The platform will include policy recommendations, contingency plans and resilience strategies developed by 10 Living Labs and provide real-time assessments for the food system, with forecasts updated frequently and consistently. ECOREADY will ensure the European society ‘s interests to be reflected in future policy making and monitoring, having them actively engaged to shaping policy recommendations from an early stage. That will be facilitated by the knowledge communicated via the digital observatory, especially through the smart phone app, increasing their awareness for climate-adaptive and mitigating agri-food products, and enabling them to become users of the tools that will be developed. Main IFVCNS active role was contribution to scenario development that explores agricultural practices, policy changes, innovative farming ideas, and consumer-producer interactions to help mitigate future shocks. The 10 Eco-Ready living labs covering most of geoclimatic zones in Europe have selected key drivers for their food priorities specific to their regions. The scenario development team, consisting of interdisciplinary teams of specialists, together with the living labs representatives, developed five scenarios for each of the ten living labs, resulting in a total 50 scenarios. Given that each of the living labs have customized scenarios relevant to their region, there are various similarities among the living labs, either through shared drivers, products, or interventions
The influence of nitrogen fertilizer on the quality of soybean grain
No full textSoja je veoma specifična biljna vrsta u pogledu đubrenja azotnim đubrivima. Prevelike doze azotnih đubriva dovode do smanjenja prinosa soje, jer smanjuju formiranje kvržica na korenu i njihovu efikasnost u usvajanju azota iz vazduha. Primena AN-a u količini od 100 kgha-1 povećala je prinos za 6,47%, u količini od 200 kgha-1 za 3,71%, dok je primena AN-a u količini od 300 kgha-1 smanjila prinos soje za 3,82%. Najviše povećanje sadržaja proteina zabeleženo je kod primene AN-a od 300 kgha-1 (2,76%), dok je na istoj varijanti sadržaj ulja smanjen za 3,03%. Najviši sadržaj ulja zabeležen je na kontrolnoj varijanti ogleda, a povećanjem doza AN-a sadržaj ulja u zrnu soje se smanjivao.Soybean is a very specific plant species in terms of fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers. Excessive doses of nitrogen fertilizers lead to a decrease in the yield of soybeans, because they reduce the formation of nodules on the roots and their efficiency in absorbing nitrogen from the air. The application of AN in the amount of 100 kgha-1 increased the yield by 6.47%, in the amount of 200 kgha-1 by 3.71%, while the application of AN in the amount of 300 kgha-1 reduced the soybean yield by 3.82%. The highest increase in protein content was recorded with the application of AN of 300 kgha-1 (2.76%), while the oil content was reduced by 3.03% on the same variant. The highest oil content was recorded in the control variant of the experiment, and with increasing doses of AN, the oil content in soybeans decreased
Influence of foliar treatments with aqueous extracts on soybean quality
No full textFolijarna primena vodenih ekstrakata ima veliki uticaj na prinos i kvalitet zrna soje. Folijarna primena vodenog ekstrakta od mirođije povećala je prinos soje za 36,93%, prinos proteina za 38,83%, a prinos ulja za 32,17%, u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu ogleda. U odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu sa primenom vode na istoj varijanti ogleda prinos je povećan za 33,50%, prinos proteina za 36,17% i prinos ulja za 27,98%. Primena vodenog ekstrakta od ploda đumbira povećala je sadržaj proteina za 3,97%, a primena vodenog ekstrakta od jestivog dela limuna povećala je sadržaj ulja za 1,89%.Foliar application of aqueous extracts has a positive effect on the yield and quality of soybean grains. Foliar application of aqueous extract of fennel increased soybean yield by 36.93%, protein yield by 38.83%, and oil yield by 32.17%, compared to the control variant of the trial. Compared to the control variant with the application of water on the same variant, the yield increased by 33.50%, protein yield by 36.17% and oil yield by 27.98%. The use of water extract from the fruit of ginger increased the protein content by 3.97%, and the use of water extract from the edible part of lemon increased the oil content by 1.89%
Unlocking the Bioactivity of Sweet Wormwood (Artemisia annua L., Asteraceae) Ethanolic Extract: Phenolics, Antioxidants, and Cytotoxic Effects
No full textObjectives: The aim of this work was to determine the phenolic composition of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L., Asteraceae) from controlled cultivation in Serbia and to assess the potential antioxidant effects and cytotoxicity. Methods: High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the phenolic composition of Artemisia annua ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity was studied using in vitro tests of inhibition of the neutralization of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), and nitroso (NO) radicals, as well as the process of inhibiting lipid peroxidation and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The cytotoxicity was evaluated by the effect on three cell lines (the rat pancreatic insulinoma cell line (Rin-5F), the rat hepatoma cell line (H4IIE), and human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2)) using the MTT test of viability. Results: Ethanol extract showed the highest potency in inhibiting the DPPH radical, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 5.17 μg/mL. Chlorogenic acid was the dominant phenolic compound with an amount of 651 μg/g of dry extract. The results of the MTT viability test showed that the extract has the potential to inhibit the growth of the Rin-5F and Hep G2 cell lines, while no growth inhibition was observed on the H4IIE cell line. Conclusions: Undoubtedly, Artemisia annua is a powerful plant and a rich source of phenolic compounds. Inhibitory activity on causes of oxidative stress shows that the plant has a good antioxidant effect. Also, the anticancer activity shown through the inhibition of cell growth is not negligible