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Percepcija faktora koji doprinose školskom neuspehu od strane budućih nastavnika i njihova povezanost sa prethodnim ličnim iskustvom uspeha u školi
Get PDFFactors that pre-service class and subject teachers perceive as significant in explaining the occurrence of school failure were examined using mixed methods strategy. The qualitative phase of the study (N = 74) revealed that pre-service teachers recognize a wide range of causes for school failure (16 distinctive categories). The relative significance of the causes was established in the subsequent quantitative phase. The Scale of school failure causes was constructed, applied to 408 pre-service teachers and subjected to exploratory factor analysis, which pointed to the three latent groups of causes explaining 43% of variance. The lack of ability and motivation in students (1st factor) and the lack of educational support (2nd factor) were perceived as highly contributing to school failure, while moderate importance was attributed to the causes related to family and social context (3rd factor). Compared to pre-service subject teachers, pre-service class teachers were more willing to recognize the teachers' responsibility for the occurrence of school failure. Pre-service teachers' perceptions of different factors were related to prior experiences of school success.Faktori koje budući nastavnici razredne i predmetne nastave opažaju kao značajne za pojavu školskog neuspeha su proučavani pomoću miks metodske strategije. U kvalitativnoj fazi istraživanja (N = 74) se pokazalo da budući nastavnici razredne i predmetne nastave prepoznaju brojne uzroke školskog neuspeha (16 različitih kategorija). Relativni značaj ovih uzroka je ispitan u narednoj, kvantitativnoj fazi. Konstruisana je skala uzroka školskog neuspeha i zadata uzorku od 408 budućih nastavnika razredne i predmetne nastave, a zatim su eksplorativnom faktorskom analizom identifikovana tri latentna faktora koji objašnjavaju 43 % varijanse. Nedostatak sposobnosti i motivacije (1. faktor) i nedostatak obrazovne podrške (2. faktor) su opaženi kao faktori koji najviše doprinose školskom neuspehu, dok se umereni značaj pridaje razlozima koji su povezani sa porodičnim i socijalnim kontekstom (3. faktor). U poređenju sa budućim nastavnicima predmetne nastave, budući nastavnici razredne nastave pokazuju veću spremnost da prepoznaju odgovornost nastavnika za školski neuspeh. Percepcija značaja različitih faktora od strane budućih nastavnika je povezana sa njihovim ranijim iskustvima školskog uspeha
Populistic style and leaders’ pathetics
Get PDFPopulistička rečitost lidera govori o nemirnoj savesti komuniciranja. Politički populizam danas u Srbiji
podrazumeva poseban politički diskurs kojim se
želi prikazati da su stanovišta govornih subjekata
i publike gotovo identični. I kada se određuje kao
ideologija i kada je sredstvo političke mobilizacije,
populizam se uvek oslanja na prepoznatljiva opšta
mesta koja je moguće empirijski utvrditi. Ne može
se biti uveren da je reč o populizmu ako se namere
ne ostvare na diskurzivnom polju. Populizam je
političko verbalno i neverbalno delovanje kojim se
zadovoljava, a ne prekoračuje „horizont očekivanja“ masa, sa unapred spremnom namerom da se
obećanja nikada ne ispune do kraja i da se pogođena
očekivanja publike samo okvirno uzmu u obzir. U
ovom radu ispitivane su stilske posebnosti i retorički
toposi primenjeni u govoru Aleksandra Vučića u
Kosovskoj Mitrovici septembra 2018.The populist eloquence of leaders conveys the rest-
less conscience of communicating. Political populism in today’s Serbia implies a specific political dis-
course aiming to demonstrate that the viewpoints of
the speaking subjects and the audience are virtually
identical. Both when defined as an ideology and as
a means of political mobilisation, populism always
relies on recognisable clichés that are empirically
identifiable. It is not possible to be convinced that
something is populism unless it fulfils its intentions
in the discursive field. Populism is political verbal
and non-verbal action reaching, without traversing,
the “horizon of expectations“ of the masses, with the
premeditated intention to never fully keep promises
made and to take the identified expectations of the
audience into account only tentatively. This paper
examines the specific style features and rhetorical toposes used in Aleksandar Vučić’s speech in
Kosovska Mitrovica in September 2018
Online Audience from the Perspective of National Scholars: An Overview of Published Articles
Get PDFThe paper examines the way audience phenomenon has been studied by national scholars with the primary goal of identifying researched topics. The content analysis has included scientific papers from the Cobiss database published during the period from 2004 until now. In the body of 34 selected articles, the findings have revealed seven different themes that are not thoroughly examined but rather just opened up. The research topics are: characteristics of the online audience, citizen journalism, traditional media transformation, online user comments, communicators' perception of online audiences, fandom, and the structure of web spaces. The analysis has revealed the lack of empirical research and concluded that the mentioned topics are dealing with only a small segment of diverse experiences of online audiences
Errando Discimus: Has Post-Yugoslav Political and Social Science Neglected Religion?
No full textThis article explores the issue of neglecting religion in the post-Yugoslav political and social science literature (1990-2018). Therefore, it offers a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the leading political and social science journals from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. The research question that this article will tackle is: Has post-Yugoslav political and social science neglected religion? The hypothesis of this article is that, although there was an obvious need for in-depth studies of the relationship between religion and politics in the post-Yugoslav region, leading political and social science journals published from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Herzegovina have neglected religion. In order to test our hypothesis, we employ content analysis by examining the archives of the leading journals published in the above stated states and basic statistics in order to highlight the percentage and extent of published articles dealing with religion compared to the total volume of articles published
Vođenje urbane politike u pravcu razvoja i blagostanja građana - lekcije iz skandinavije
Get PDFThis article analyses the way of managing urban policy in Scandinavian countries, as an example for Serbia. By analyzing urban policy as complex activity, because it demands contextual approach, democratic governmental capacities, good management with capacities to tail services according to the needs of citizens in their community, we could understand cities as stimulators of development and creators of welfare. This analysis tries to identify how Serbia, as transitional country can learn lessons from Scandinavian countries, to modernize management, democratize political system (decentralization and strengthening local government capacities), as well as to decrease corruption and misuses in public affairs. In methodological sense this article includes analysis of the system, the way of creation and steering urban policy in Scandinavian countries with affirmation of knowledge (evidence based public policy) and professionalism. Case study of Copenhagen city and experiences from other cities from this region, will procure in view of potential benefits of such an approach. On this basis comparison is made with similar processes in Serbia, which give us possibility to identify necessary corrections in our system. Some of the results of this paper are better knowledge of Serbian system weaknesses (especially in way of managing cities), loss of benefits which democratic and decentralized society enables, modern management, creation of policies on evidence, and creative searching for solution. One can conclude that reform changes, which turn out to be impossible for implementation in our society, do not demand great material investments, but demand the changing of values, priorities and model of behavior.Ovaj članak analizira načina vođenja urbane politike u skandinavskim zemljama kao uzor za Srbiju. Analizom urbane politike kao kompleksne, jer zahteva kontekstualni pristup, demokratske kapacitete vlasti, kvalitetan menadžment uz kreiranje usluga prema potrebama konkretnih građana u datoj sredini -moći ćemo da sagledamo gradove kao pokretače razvoja i kreatore blagostanja. Ova analize je pokušaj da se identifikuje u kojoj meri Srbija kao tranziciona zemlja može od skandinavskih zemalja da nauči lekcije modernizacije upravljanja, demokratizacije čitavog sistema (decentralizacija i jačanje kapaciteta lokalnih vlasti), te smanjivanja korupcije i zloupotreba u javnoj sferi. U metodološkom smislu istražuje se analiza sistema, načina kreiranja i vođenja urbane politike u skandinavskim zemljama uz afirmaciju znanja (evidence based policy making) i profesionalizma. Studija slučaja grada Kopenhagena i iskustva drugih gradova ovog regiona omogućiće uvid u konkretne koristi ovakvog pristupa. Na toj osnovi će biti urađena komparacija sa ovim procesima u Srbiji, što nam omogućava da identifikujemo neophodne korekcije u našem sistemu. Neki od rezultata ovog rada su jasniji uvid u slabosti sistema u Srbiji, posebno u upravljanju gradovima, uvid u gubitke koristi koje donosi demokratski uređeno, decentralizovano društvo, moderno upravljanje, kreiranje politika zasnovano na dobrim podacima, te kreativno nalaženja rešenja za probleme. Može se zaključiti da reformske promene koje naše društvo ne sprovodi, već pred njima skoro dve decenije nemoćno stoji -ne traže velika materijalna ulaganja, već predstavljaju pre svega promenu vrednosti, promenu prioriteta i modela ponašanja
Political institutions and fiscal policy: evidence from post-communist Europe
No full textDo political factors have any effect on fiscal policy and public spending in the post-communist Europe? We answer this question by using annual data for 15 Central and Eastern European democracies from 1992-2017. We look into several political variables: number of parties in the cabinet, partisan cycle (ideology), electoral cycle, and coalition type. We deploy fixed-effect estimates, showing that the peculiarities of a country explain a large part of the variance, thus validating the path dependency and incrementalism theses in public policy analysis. We find positive impact of the pre-electoral and electoral year on public spending, but no statistically significant support for other poitical determinats
Emphasizing the importance of children’s right to alternative care with special making on the right to identity and the right to participation
Get PDFДеца у систему алтернативне бриге заслужују једнаке
могућности и једнако поштовање права као и деца која
живе у биолошким породицама. Неопходно је да права
деце на алтернативном старању имају централно место у
свим процесима бриге. Њихова права и добробит захтевају
посебну пажњу и морају се чувати и сматрати неповредивима.
Како би операционализовала опште стандарде Конвенције
о правима детета, Генерална скупштина Уједињених нација
2009. године усвојила је документ “Смернице за алтернативно
старање о деци”. У Републици Србији за сада не постоји закон
који обједињује сва права детета, али су одредбе које права
детета штите разасуте по бројним законима. Права детета су
инкорпорирана у Закон о социјалној заштити, Породични закон,
поједине правилнике и уредбе. На иницијативу Савета за права
детета 2019. године урађен је Нацрт закона о правима детета
и Заштитнику права детета. Идејно је овај закон замишљен
тако да на једном месту обједини права детета, инструменте за
промоцију, унапређење, координацију и контролу реализације. Актуелно овакав закон не постоји нигде у правној пракси у
Европи. Његов садржај покушава да одговори објективној
стварности не бежећи од основне суштине која је дефинисана
у оквиру Конвенције о правима детета.
Предмет овог рада јесте стављање у фокус права деце
на алтернативном старању, односно перцепција детета као
целовитог бића – појединца, члана породице и заједнице са
правима и одговорностима адекватним његовом узрасту и
степену развоја. Такође, део рада је посвећен подробнијем
објашњењу значаја два врло комплексна права, чије остваривање
доприноси здравом развоју деце и младих на алтернативном
старању, а то су право на партиципацију и право на идентитет.
Значајност дечијих права у систему алтернативне бриге
се огледа у обезбеђењу једнаких могућности за децу на
алтернативном старању и децу у биолошким породицама;
додатној помоћи и подршци деци у систему алтернативне
бриге због осетљивости ситуације у којој се налазе и њихове
рањивости; поштовању и сензитивности за њихове различите
карактеристике у погледу: узраста, пола, етничке припадности,
инвалидитета и слично.The status, rights and mechanisms of protection of children’s
rights are often “overshadowed” by other topics, as expressed by
children in alternative care. A lack of (re) knowledge of children’s
rights, legal, strategic and other documents as well as protection
mechanisms are some of the causes that lead to or may lead to a
violation of the rights of the child. In order to develop a sense of
responsibility and ensure respect for children’s rights, it is necessary to: ensure that there are adequate protection mechanisms in
place to monitor violations of rights and reports, to inform children and young people about their existence and their purpose; it
is important to investigate and take appropriate action after any
reported violation of rights; empower children and young people
and empower them to claim their rights, work to build trust and
ensure that their applications are respected
Prospect theory and presidential elections: Two cases from Yugoslavia and Serbia
No full textWhy do presidents in semi-presidential regimes sometimes call early elections? Is the behavior of incumbent presidents different from the behavior of presidential contenders when the former do not need to run for office but face the loss of parliamentary majority in a semi-presidential system? Prospect theory claims that agents make risky choices when facing a loss. Consequently, if incumbent presidents face a loss of majority in the parliament, they will call for early election to try to shore up or salvage the majority. To provide empirical evidence supporting this claim, prospect theory has been applied to the two presidential elections in Yugoslavia and Serbia in which two incumbent presidents, Slobodan Milosevic (2000) and Boris Tadic (2012), had lost early presidential elections. The expected contribution of the paper is to deepen our understanding of how semi presidential regimes resolve the problem of temporal rigidity and offer novel empirical data in support of the application of prospect theory in political science. (C) 2019 The Regents of the University of California
Politics and theater as guardians of a common world
Get PDFIn this paper the author claims that the history of European drama and theater contains an original answer to the classical political question of relation between an order and change. The theater's fundamental goal is preservation of a common world in the absence of which the theater itself becomes meaningless. Confronting us at first with the abyss of searching for the meaning of life, the great dramatists than help us return to the normality by providing us with an answer whispered in their ear by the spiritual, historic and political circumstances of their age. Those among them aiming to preserve the existing order, such as Aeschylus, Moliere and Racine, artistically revealed to the audiences the order's grounding idea. For others, such as Goethe and Schiller, whose artistic genius recognized in the history signs of a development towards a republic of autonomous citizens, theater was a place for esthetic education of an elite expected to accelerate the process of coming into being of a new common world. Authors of revolutionary periods, such as Brecht and Pirandello, used theater to inspire radical change of all existing social and political institutions. Finally, to the authors such as Euripides, Ibsen, Chekhov and Strindberg, theater made it possible to cry out for an old common world that no longer has a grounding idea and therefore disappears