Belügyi Szemle (Journal)
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The place of work diagnostic instrumental measurements in the protocols of occupational health tasks
No full textCél: Munkadiagnosztikai vizsgálatokat alkalmasság megítélése, munkakörre kiválasztás, rehabilitáció előtti állapotfelmérés és utókövetés, pályaalkalmasság, pályaorientációs tanácsadás céljából végeznek. Munkadiagnosztikai vizsgálatra képességteszteket, különböző kérdőíveket, munkapróba teszteket és műszeres vizsgálatokat használnak. Műszeres vizsgálatra hordozható munkapszichológiai vizsgáló műszereket, illetve úgynevezett „munkaminta-teszteket”, munkaszimulátorokat lehet használni. Munkaszimulátorokat nagy figyelmet igénylő, fokozott baleseti veszéllyel járó munkakörökre kiválasztás, alkalmasság megítélése, betanítás céljából régóta használnak. A szerző véleménye szerint a munkadiagnosztikai műszeres, munkaszimulátoros (például ErgoScope) vizsgálatok a foglalkozás-egészségügyi alapellátás és szakellátás feladatainak protokolljába jól beilleszthetőek.
Módszertan: Magyarországon dolgozó foglalkozás-egészségügyi szakorvosok körében online kérdőíves felmérés keretében vizsgálta a szerző, hogy használnak-e, és ha igen, milyen munkadiagnosztikai képességmérő eszközöket, és hogy szívesen küldenének-e műszeres képességvizsgálatra munkavállalókat. 272 másodfokú munkaköri orvosi alkalmassági vizsgálat dokumentációját tekintette át a műszeres munkadiagnosztikai vizsgálatok beilleszthetőségének szempontjából.
Megállapítások: A kérdőívre adott válaszokból egyértelműen kiderült, hogy nagyon kevés foglalkozás-egészségügyi szakorvosnak van lehetősége munkája során igénybe venni munkadiagnosztikai műszeres vizsgálatokat, viszont 60,62%-uk szívesen küldene műszeres képességvizsgálatra pácienseket. A másodfokú munkaköri orvosi alkalmassági vizsgálatok dokumentációjából a szerző kiválogatta azokat, ahol történt képességvizsgálat, és azokat, ahol a véleményezést segítette volna a műszeres képességvizsgálat.
Érték: Megállapítható, hogy a foglalkozás-egészségügy feladatai közül, a másodfokú munkaköri/szakmai orvosi alkalmassági vizsgálat mellett, az elsőfokú munkaköri/szakmai orvosi alkalmassági vizsgálatok, a pályaválasztási tanácsadás és a foglalkozási rehabilitációs eljárás során könnyen beilleszthetőek a műszeres munkadiagnosztikai vizsgálatok a vizsgálati protokollokba, és jelentősen segítenék a munkaegészségügyi szakemberek munkáját.Aim: Work diagnostic examinations are carried out to assess aptitude, job selection, pre-rehabilitation assessment and follow-up, career guidance. Work diagnostic tests include aptitude tests, various questionnaires, work practice tests and instrumental examinations. For instrumental testing, portable work psychology testing instruments or so-called ‘work-simulators’ can be used. Work simulators have been used for selection, assessment of aptitude, training for jobs requiring a high level of attention and with an increased risk of accidents.
In the author’s opinion, work diagnostic instrumentation, work simulator tests (e.g. ErgoScope) can be well integrated into the protocol of primary and specialised occupational health care tasks.
Methodology: The author conducted an online questionnaire survey among occupational health specialists working in Hungary to find out whether they use work diagnostic tools, and if so, which ones, and whether they would be willing to send workers for instrumental work diagnostic tests. 272 second-level medical fitness for work examinations were reviewed for their inclusion in the instrumental work diagnostic tests.
Findings: It is clear from the questionnaire responses that very few occupational health specialists have the opportunity to use occupational diagnostic instrumentation in their work, but 60.62% of them would be happy to send patients for instrumented skills testing. From the documentation of the second level medical fitness for work examinations, the author selected those where aptitude tests had been carried out and those where an instrumental aptitude test would have assisted the assessment.
Value: It can be concluded that, in addition to the second level occupational/professional medical fitness tests, instrumental occupational diagnostic tests could be easily integrated into the examination protocols of occupational health, in the first level occupational/professional medical fitness tests, in career counselling and in the occupational rehabilitation process, and would significantly assist the work of occupational health professionals
Analysis and Evaluation of Trends in Natural Disasters
No full textAim: The aim of this article is to examine the terminology behind natural disasters and to group them together to give readers an insight into the world of natural hazards. The author also aims to describe the quantitative changes that have occurred in recent years.Methodology: The definitions are based on the presentation of concepts used by key authorities. Categorisation and trend analysis is based on international discourse, databases and reports from relevant bodies and organisations.Findings: The security environment is changing dramatically. One reason for this is that there is a clear increase in a number of categories of natural events (disasters). As regards definitions, there is no uniform concept, but disasters are exceptional events with significant material damage.Value: Through the author’s analytical and evaluative work, the reader will gain insight into the world of natural disasters, a broad knowledge of the relevant literature, and valuable insights into global vulnerability and changing trends.Aim: The aim of this article is to examine the terminology behind natural disasters and to group them together to give readers an insight into the world of natural hazards. The author also aims to describe the quantitative changes that have occurred in recent years.Methodology: The definitions are based on the presentation of concepts used by key authorities. Categorisation and trend analysis is based on international discourse, databases and reports from relevant bodies and organisations.Findings: The security environment is changing dramatically. One reason for this is that there is a clear increase in a number of categories of natural events (disasters). As regards definitions, there is no uniform concept, but disasters are exceptional events with significant material damage.Value: Through the author’s analytical and evaluative work, the reader will gain insight into the world of natural disasters, a broad knowledge of the relevant literature, and valuable insights into global vulnerability and changing trends
Results and Future of Disaster Management Research in the System of Law Enforcement Sciences
No full textCél: A tanulmány elkészítésének célja elemezni és értékelni a katasztrófavédelmi kutatás és fejlesztésének főbb eredményeit és tapasztalatait, amelynek alapján meghatározni a jövőbeni fejlesztési irányokat.
Módszertan: A tanulmány keretében elkészített hatásvizsgálat szakterületenként bemutatja a katasztrófavédelmi kutatás és fejlesztés jellemzőit, továbbá strukturált javaslatokat tesz a feltárt kutatási problémák megoldására.
Megállapítások: A rendészettudományi kutatások részeként végzett katasztrófavédelmi tudományos tevékenység eredményei lehetőséget biztosítanak a katasztrófavédelemi igazgatás jogi szabályozási, szakmai, műszaki alapjainak a tudományos fejlődés trendjeinek megfelelő módon történő korszerűsítésére.
Érték: A tanulmány keretében feldolgozott katasztrófavédelmi kutatási és fejlesztési tapasztalatok megfelelő alapot biztosítanak a vonatkozó társadalmi igényeknek történő magas szintű megfeleléshez.
Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyse and evaluate the main results and experiences of disaster management research and development activities, on the basis of which to determine future development directions.
Methodology: The impact assessment prepared in the framework of the study presents the characteristics of disaster management research and development activities, and also makes structured proposals for solving the appeared research problems.
Findings: The results of disaster management scientific activity carried out as part of law enforcement researches provide an opportunity to modernise the legal regulatory, professional and technical bases of disaster management administration in a manner appropriate to recent scientific development.
Value: The disaster management research and development experiences processed in the framework of the study provide a suitable basis for a high level of compliance with the relevant social needs
The role of Christian faith in the reintegration of female prisoners
No full textAim: This study delves into the correlation between religious faith and the process of reintegration among women in incarceration. In Hungary, this subject is relatively understudied; however, international insights underscore the prominent role of religious convictions in shaping an individual’s predisposition towards criminality and their influence on prosocial conduct. Yet, the extent and contentious nature of its role in reintegration persist due to a lack of emphasis by societal institutions associated with detainees, disregarding the intricate sociological prospects embedded within religion and faith. These prospects, meticulously scrutinised by sociologists, encompass the maintenance and fortification of social order, the regulation of human activities, and more. An additional challenge arises post-release, where organisations and religious institutions involved in the spiritual rehabilitation of detainees lose contact with these individuals, impeding subsequent investigative efforts.Methodology: The data for our pilot study were gathered among residents of Kalocsa Prison in 2024. Employing the Shortened Aspiration Index, augmented by interviews, our research methodology sought to enrich descriptive statistical analyses through the nuanced exploration of interview content. Sample selection followed a randomised and voluntary basis (N: 46 individuals). Importantly, the outcomes derived from our study are not intended for generalisation but rather apply specifically to our sampled cohort.Findings: Our discernments indicate that, for the female detainees under scrutiny, faith and religious practices wield a positive influence on delineating life objectives. They also play a pivotal role in sustaining mental equilibrium, with noteworthy psychoeducational ramifications. During catechesis, knowledge enrichment extends beyond cultural dimensions to encompass moral teachings, fostering an understanding of the ethical values and frameworks essential for normative living.Value: Determining the criteria for the success of post-release reintegration proves elusive, given the nuanced and idiosyncratic nature of success for everyone. Factors influencing an individual’s psychological dynamics and behavioural patterns intricately interweave within a complex socioeconomic system. Thus, it is reasonable to assert that the precepts of Christian teachings, faith, and the spiritual and organisational scaffolding of religious practices can form integral components of a supportive framework. Acknowledging the reinforcing role of Christian faith, particularly among women, aligns with the 2022 census data from the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), which underscores a prevailing proclivity towards religiosity among women in contemporary Hungary.Aim: This study delves into the correlation between religious faith and the process of reintegration among women in incarceration. In Hungary, this subject is relatively understudied; however, international insights underscore the prominent role of religious convictions in shaping an individual’s predisposition towards criminality and their influence on prosocial conduct. Yet, the extent and contentious nature of its role in reintegration persist due to a lack of emphasis by societal institutions associated with detainees, disregarding the intricate sociological prospects embedded within religion and faith. These prospects, meticulously scrutinised by sociologists, encompass the maintenance and fortification of social order, the regulation of human activities, and more. An additional challenge arises post-release, where organisations and religious institutions involved in the spiritual rehabilitation of detainees lose contact with these individuals, impeding subsequent investigative efforts.Methodology: The data for our pilot study were gathered among residents of Kalocsa Prison in 2024. Employing the Shortened Aspiration Index, augmented by interviews, our research methodology sought to enrich descriptive statistical analyses through the nuanced exploration of interview content. Sample selection followed a randomised and voluntary basis (N: 46 individuals). Importantly, the outcomes derived from our study are not intended for generalisation but rather apply specifically to our sampled cohort.Findings: Our discernments indicate that, for the female detainees under scrutiny, faith and religious practices wield a positive influence on delineating life objectives. They also play a pivotal role in sustaining mental equilibrium, with noteworthy psychoeducational ramifications. During catechesis, knowledge enrichment extends beyond cultural dimensions to encompass moral teachings, fostering an understanding of the ethical values and frameworks essential for normative living.Value: Determining the criteria for the success of post-release reintegration proves elusive, given the nuanced and idiosyncratic nature of success for everyone. Factors influencing an individual’s psychological dynamics and behavioural patterns intricately interweave within a complex socioeconomic system. Thus, it is reasonable to assert that the precepts of Christian teachings, faith, and the spiritual and organisational scaffolding of religious practices can form integral components of a supportive framework. Acknowledging the reinforcing role of Christian faith, particularly among women, aligns with the 2022 census data from the Hungarian Central Statistical Office (KSH), which underscores a prevailing proclivity towards religiosity among women in contemporary Hungary
Perceptions of on-the-job training in the light of empirical research
No full textCél: Jelen tanulmány célja a humánerőforrás-menedzsment egyik feladatát jelentő munkahelyi képzések vonatkozásában végzett empirikus kutatás eredményeinek ismertetése, mely felmérésben résztvevők 80%-a a rendvédelemben dolgozik.
Módszertan: A vizsgált téma szakirodalmi áttekintését követően kvantitatív kutatási módszerrel, írásbeli kikérdezéssel és kérdőív eszközével valósult meg az empirikus vizsgálat. A kérdőív kitöltése önkéntes és anonim volt, a kérdőív 21 kérdés mentén vizsgálta a kutatási célhoz kapcsolódóan megfogalmazott hipotézisek igazolását, elvetését. A kapott eredmények számítógépen végzett összesítését követően az adatok statisztikai számításokkal kerültek értékelésre, elemzésre.
Megállapítások: A felmérés egyik legfontosabb megállapítása, hogy a munkavállalók megítélése szerint nagyon fontos a munkahelyen belüli képzések biztosítása. A szakmai képzéseken túlmutatva fontosnak tartják az általános kompetenciák fejlesztését, melyet éves szinten többször, szervezetten és előre tervezetten tartanának szükségesnek megvalósítani. A válaszadók 43%-ánál a képzésekről a munkavállalók véletlenszerűen szereznek tudomást arra vonatkozóan, hogy adott évben milyen képzéseket szervez a szervezet. A minta mindössze 20%-a esetében tájékoztatják őket a képzésekről, és kérdezik meg őket arról, hogy milyen képzésen szeretnének részt venni, bevonják őket a választásba. A válaszadók több mint fele, 57%-a szívesen részt vesz/részt venne olyan nem szakmai jellegű képzésen, melyet külsős képzőintézmény trénere tart, és további 26% kimondottan azt tartja jónak, ha nem a saját szervezet trénere tartja számunkra a tréninget, hanem külsős szakember érkezik. A válaszadók több mint fele, 55%-uk úgy véli, hogy a munkahelyükön a képzésfejlesztések tekintetében a humán erőforrás szakemberei többet tehetnének ezen a téren; 22% esetében érkezett az a választ, hogy sokkal többet tehetnének a HR munkatársai a képzésekért, képzésfejlesztésért.
Érték: A tanulmány értékét az empirikus kutatás során kapott valós munkavállalói visszajelzések adják, akik a munkahelyi képzések gyakorlatába engedtek betekinteni. A humán erőforrás megtalálása, fenntartása és megtartása minden humán szakember számára növekvő kihívásokat jelentő feladat, állami és vállalkozói szegmensben egyaránt. Ha a munkavállalók visszajelzéseit figyelembe veszi a szervezet vezetése, közös kooperációval kijelölhetővé válnak a munkaerő megtartást segítő módszerek, az anyagi elismerésen túlmutatva. A munkahelyi képzések az egyének fejlődését, önmegvalósítását segítik, amely ha a szervezet stratégiájával és célkitűzésével találkozni tud, hosszú távú munkaerőként a szervezet eredményességét és hatékonyságát képes növelni.Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the results of an empirical study on workplace training, one of the tasks of human resource management, in which 80% of the survey sample works in law enforcement.
Methodology: Completion of the questionnaire was voluntary and anonymous, and the questionnaire was 21-question survey to examine the confirmation or rejection of the hypotheses formulated in relation to the research objective. After the results were aggregated on a computer, the data were evaluated and analysed by statistical calculations.
Findings: One of the key findings of the survey is that employees consider it very important to provide training in the workplace. In addition to vocational training, they consider it important to develop general competences, which they would like to see implemented several times a year, in an organised and planned way. For 43% of respondents, training is something that employees find out about by chance, when they find out what training the organisation organises in a given year. For only 20% of the sample, they are informed about the training and asked about the training they would like to attend, involving them in the choice. More than half of the respondents, 57%, would be happy to attend a non-professional training course given by a trainer from an external training organisation, and a further 26% would prefer to receive training from an external professional rather than from their own organisation. More than half of the respondents, 55%, believe that HR professionals could do more in this area in terms of training development in their workplace. 22% responded that HR staff could do much more in terms of training and training development.
Value: The value of the study lies in the feedback from real employees, who provided insights into the practice of on-the-job training, obtained through empirical research. Finding, maintaining and retaining human resources is an increasingly challenging task for all human resources professionals, in both the public and business sectors. If employee feedback is taken into account by the organisation’s management, methods to promote retention, beyond financial recognition, can be identified through joint cooperation. On-the-job training helps individuals to develop and realise themselves, which, if it can meet the organisation’s strategy and objectives, can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the organisation as a long-term workforce
False Confession in Practice
No full textA szerző áttekintést nyújt a hamis vallomások morfológiájáról és következményeiről a büntetőeljárásokban.The author provides an overview of the morphology and consequences of false confessions in criminal procedures
The benefits of GPS, and its flaws
No full textA szerző tanulmányában a GPS rendszert mutatja be főként a rendőrségen belül. Ismerteti a rendőrség titkos információgyűjtő tevékenységét, majd az emberkereskedelemmel kapcsolatban egy esetelemzést is olvashatunk.In his study, the author presents the GPS system mainly within the police. He describes the covert information gathering activities of the police, followed by a case study on human trafficking
The UN Global Counter Terrorism Strategy
No full textA szerző kiemeli a stratégia elfogadásának körülményeit, és részletesen elemzi a szöveget és annak felülvizsgálati mechanizmusát.The author highlights the circumstances of the adoption of the Strategy and provides a detailed analysis of the text and its review mechanism
Europol cooperation in Hungarian law enforcement
No full textAim: The aim of the article is to present the practical aspects of Europol’s role in Hungarian law enforcement.
Methodology: We have collected knowledge about the operation of Europol, its services and support of law enforcement by studying the available EU and Hungarian regulations, as well as performing the former management tasks of Europol Hungarian Liaison Bureau, and practical implementation of the tasks of the crime coordinator assisting domestic procedures.
Findings: Europol’s law enforcement services provide Hungarian law enforcement agencies with opportunities that cannot be provided by other agencies. In addition to supporting specific investigations, the institutional system also provides IT, strategic and financial support to countries.
Value: The study provides operational, practical insights into the possibilities of cooperation with Europol, which will allow the staff of the criminal and judicial authorities to have a deeper insight into the more effective detection and investigation, as well as answers on the individual services and their future, also interpreted in the context of the readers.Aim: The aim of the article is to present the practical aspects of Europol’s role in Hungarian law enforcement.
Methodology: We have collected knowledge about the operation of Europol, its services and support of law enforcement by studying the available EU and Hungarian regulations, as well as performing the former management tasks of Europol Hungarian Liaison Bureau, and practical implementation of the tasks of the crime coordinator assisting domestic procedures.
Findings: Europol’s law enforcement services provide Hungarian law enforcement agencies with opportunities that cannot be provided by other agencies. In addition to supporting specific investigations, the institutional system also provides IT, strategic and financial support to countries.
Value: The study provides operational, practical insights into the possibilities of cooperation with Europol, which will allow the staff of the criminal and judicial authorities to have a deeper insight into the more effective detection and investigation, as well as answers on the individual services and their future, also interpreted in the context of the readers
Evaluation and assessment of the constitutionality of penitentiary decisions, in the light of the introduction of the penitentiary credit system
No full textAim: Criteria for the evaluation by the Constitutional Court of decisions on the execution of sentences.
Methodology: Descriptive, documentary and content analysis.
Findings: According to the Section 27 (1) of the Act on the Constitutional Court, the decision on the merits, i.e. the decision on the substance of the charge and the decision on criminal responsibility, or the decision on the guilt and the acquittal, can be the subject of a constitutional complaint. The final decisions – the order not to proceed to trial and the order terminating the proceedings – cannot be considered as decisions on the merits within the meaning of the Constitutional Court Act. However, these decisions can be examined in the context of a constitutional complaint, because they correspond to the Section 27 (1) of the Constitutional Court Act, the other decision ending the court proceedings.
Value: So far, no academic article has been published that analyses which decisions of the penitentiary judges can be challenged by a constitutional complaint following the latest amendments to Act CCXL of 2013 (Act XCVII of 2023).Aim: Criteria for the evaluation by the Constitutional Court of decisions on the execution of sentences.
Methodology: Descriptive, documentary and content analysis.
Findings: According to the Section 27 (1) of the Act on the Constitutional Court, the decision on the merits, i.e. the decision on the substance of the charge and the decision on criminal responsibility, or the decision on the guilt and the acquittal, can be the subject of a constitutional complaint. The final decisions – the order not to proceed to trial and the order terminating the proceedings – cannot be considered as decisions on the merits within the meaning of the Constitutional Court Act. However, these decisions can be examined in the context of a constitutional complaint, because they correspond to the Section 27 (1) of the Constitutional Court Act, the other decision ending the court proceedings.
Value: So far, no academic article has been published that analyses which decisions of the penitentiary judges can be challenged by a constitutional complaint following the latest amendments to Act CCXL of 2013 (Act XCVII of 2023)