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Vibration perception threshold as a method for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy
No full textBackground: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to sensory loss, balance disturbances, and an increased risk of ulcers and amputations. Early screening is crucial, and devices for measuring vibration perception threshold (VPT) play an important role in the timely detection and management of this condition. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of VPT measurement devices in individuals with DM. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in four databases, including studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of VPT measurement devices in patients with type 1 or type 2 DM, with VPT compared against reference standards for DPN, including nerve conduction studies (NCS) and clinical diagnosis. Cross-sectional and case–control studies were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Appraisal of Reliability (QAREL) tool and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies. Results: Eighteen studies were analyzed. Most studies demonstrated moderate sensitivity and specificity and an acceptable level of reliability, with results varying according to technical and methodological factors. Conclusions: VPT measurement devices appear to be useful screening tools for detecting DPNhowever, their diagnostic accuracy and reliability are not uniform and largely depend on technical and methodological factors. Standardized threshold values and measurement procedures, along with further research comparing the effectiveness of different protocols, are needed to improve clinical utility
Responsible reporting on suicide in Slovenia
No full textExposure to media reporting on suicide can be both a risk and a protective factor, as (ir)responsible reporting on suicide can have different effects on vulnerable people. Since online media are increasingly important in everyday life, this study aimed to examine how the three most widely read Slovenian online media report on suicide. 114 online media articles published between 1 January and 31 December 2017 were included in the study and assessed for compliance with recommendations on responsible media reporting on suicide, and inclusion of harmful and protective characteristics. Different articles included or adhered to different recommendations, and harmful and protective characteristics. The correlation between compliance with recommendations, and the inclusion of protective and harmful characteristics suggests that although articles comply with recommendations, they do not necessarily contain enough protective information. The study confirms patterns observed in other studies while providing a first insight into Slovenian online media reporting on suicide. Further research is needed to confirm our findings while considering different online media. Additionally, future studies should focus on other aspects of reporting on suicide, e.g., comments under online media articles, which might also impact readers
Čutne reprezentacije kuge
No full textThe article examines the sensory experiences associated with death during the plague and contextualises them within a specific historical and geographical framework. The author focuses on the plague altar from the mid-eighteenth century in the Haloze Church of St Andrew in Makole, Slovenia. In particular, she analyses the lower part of the altarpiece, which is attributed to an unknown artist. The plague altar not only conveys religious messages, but also reflects the knowledge and belief in the miasma theory of the time in question, in particular the understanding of the smell of the plague, the regulations on the plague and the organisation of civil protection. These themes vividly illustrate the depictions of the plague on the altar and offer insights into society’s reactions to illness and death in this period.Članek obravnava čutne izkušnje, povezane s smrtjo v času kuge, in jih kontekstualizira v določenem zgodovinskem ter geografskem okviru. Avtorica se osredotoča na kužni oltar iz sredine 18. stoletja v haloški cerkvi sv. Andreja v Makolah v Sloveniji. Analizira predvsem spodnji del oltarne slike, ki je pripisan neznanemu umetniku. Kužni oltar ne prenaša samo verskih sporočil, ampak odraža tudi znanje in vero v teorijo miazme v obravnavanem obdobju, zlasti razumevanje vonja kuge, predpisov o kugi in organizacije zaščite prebivalstva. Te teme nazorno ilustrirajo upodobitve kuge na oltarju in ponujajo vpogled v odzive družbe na bolezni ter smrt v tistem času
Field Verification as an Epistemological Practice
No full textČlanek obravnava terensko preverjanje kot del interpretativnega procesa, v katerem se arheološka vednost oblikuje skozi postopno prepletanje različnih virov, od interpretacije posnetkov zračnega laserskega skeniranja do empiričnih preverjanj na terenu. Na območju Divaškega Krasa in Vrhe smo izmed številnih pozitivnih oblik, prepoznanih na posnetkih zračnega laserskega skeniranja, izbrali sedem kompleksov značilnosti in na terenu preverili nekaj tipičnih primerov. Rezultati so potrdili, dopolnili in okrepili interpretacijo, da gre za večinoma prazgodovinske antropogene strukture, ter razjasnili njihovo funkcijo in umeščenost v arheološko krajino. Terenska preverjanja so obenem razkrila veliko notranjo variabilnost v navidezno enotnih tipih značilnosti. Prispevek predstavlja primer refleksivnega pristopa k interpretaciji podatkov zračnega laserskega skeniranja, kar postaja vse pomembnejše v luči naraščajoče rabe avtomatskih sistemov in umetne inteligence v arheologiji.The article discusses field verification as a component of the interpretative process, through which archaeological knowledge is constructed by gradually weaving together multiple sources, from the interpretation of airborne laser scanning data to empirical field validation. In the Divača Karst and Vrhe area, we selected seven complexes of features among the numerous positive forms identified on airborne laser scanning – derived models, and carried out field verification of several representative examples. The results confirmed, refined, and strengthened the interpretation that these are mostly prehistoric anthropogenic structures, and clarified their function and placement within the archaeological landscape. Field verification also revealed significant internal variability within seemingly uniform types of features. This study serves as an example of a reflexive approach to airborne laser scanning data interpretation, an increasingly important perspective in light of the growing reliance on automated detection systems and artificial intelligence in archaeology
Kmetijsko pogojena okoljska Kuznetsova krivulja za Južno Afriko
No full textThe purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of the agricultural sector on agricultural emissions in South Africa. To this end, we estimate an agricultural-induced environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for South Africa between 1990 and 2022 using conventional and threshold regression frameworks. Our regression estimates reveal a ‘humped-shaped’ relationship between agricultural production and agricultural emissions, whereby agricultural production produces lower agricultural emissions above threshold estimates of 4,876 and 6,100 metric tons of CO2 emissions. Further investigations show that the South African economy has consistently remained above these thresholds since 2010. Moreover, a forecast analysis of the time series using ARIMA models shows that agricultural productionis (emissions are) on an upward (a downward) trajectory. However, the forecasting analysis also shows that the South African agricultural sector is not scheduled to reach the net-zero emissions target by 2050. Altogether, these findings imply that whilst South Africa had followed a trajectory of sustainable development prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the current trajectory may not be sufficient to attain the 2050 Sustainable Development Goals.Namen članka je preučiti vpliv kmetijskega sektorja na kmetijske emisije v Južni Afriki. V ta namen ocenjujemo kmetijsko pogojeno okoljsko Kuznetsovo krivuljo za Južno Afriko med letoma 1990 in 2022 z uporabo konvencionalnih ter pragovnih regresijskih okvirjev. Naše regresijske ocene razkrivajo »grbasto« razmerje med kmetijsko proizvodnjo in kmetijskimi emisijami, pri čemer kmetijska proizvodnja povzroča nižje kmetijske emisije nad pragovnimi ocenami 4.876 in 6.100 metričnih ton emisij CO₂. Nadaljnje raziskave kažejo, da je južnoafriško gospodarstvo od leta 2010 dosledno ostalo nad temi pragovi. Poleg tega analiza napovedi časovnih vrst z uporabo modelov ARIMA kaže, da je kmetijska proizvodnja na naraščajoči (emisije pa na padajoči) poti. Vendar analiza napovedi tudi kaže, da južnoafriški kmetijski sektor ne bo dosegel cilja neto nič emisij do leta 2050. Skupaj ti izsledki pomenijo, da je Južna Afrika pred pandemijo covida-19 sledila poti trajnostnega razvoja, vendar trenutna pot morda ne bo zadostna za dosego ciljev trajnostnega razvoja do leta 2050
