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Weak evidence for heritable changes in response to selection by aphids in Arabidopsis accessions
No full textIn plants, transgenerational inheritance of certain epialleles has been observed but experimental evidence for selection of epigenetic variation independent of genetic variation is scarce. We extended an experiment simulating selection in response to herbivory in Arabidopsis thaliana to assess a potential contribution of epigenetic variation to the selected phenotypes within three accessions. To minimize maternal effects, we grew offspring from replicate populations and their ancestors for two generations in a common environment and assessed the phenotypes in the second generation. We found weak evidence for the selection of epigenetic variation: bolting time differed significantly in one accession. Significant differences between maternal lines suggested random residual or novel genetic and/or epigenetic variation. Our results are in conflict with those of a recent study reporting that environment-induced heritable variation is common in Arabidopsis. Reanalyzing the data from that study showed that the reported findings resulted from a mix-up of accessions and, thus, reflected genetic rather than epigenetic variation between accessions. To avoid future misinterpretations of studies investigating epigenetic inheritance, we provide guidelines to design experiments that clearly differentiate between epigenetic and genetic variation and distinguish standing variation from de novo variation acquired during an experiment
We Are Still Here
No full textNa prvi pogled se zdi opredelitev dokumentarizma preprosta: gre za delo, v katerem ustvarjalec ostaja nepristranski in predstavlja resničnost, kakršna je. Vendar ob natančnejšem pregledu postaneta pojma „nepristranskost“ in „resnica“, značilna za dokumentarizem, veliko bolj zapletena in sporna. Sta globoko subjektivna, odvisna od perspektive, konteksta in interpretacije. Njuno raziskovanje nas pripelje do večjega vprašanja – kaj sploh je „dokumentarizem“.
Praktični del projekta Še vedno smo tukaj je dolgoročni fotografski umetniško-dokumentarni esej o presaditvi organov in tkiv s posebnim poudarkom na organizacijskih, logističnih in kirurških postopkih v Sloveniji. Pisni del opisuje nastanek projekta, njegove konceptualne temelje, izzive, s katerimi sem se srečala med njegovim razvojem, in mojo osebno udeležbo pri terenskem delu. Vzpostavlja tudi povezavo s teoretičnim okvirom z raziskovanjem definicij in interpretacij dokumentarnega žanra.At first glance, the definition of documentary work seems simple: it is a practice in which the creator remains impartial and presents reality as it is. However, upon closer examination, the concepts of “impartiality” and “truth,” which are central to documentary work, become far more complex and contested. They are deeply subjective, shaped by perspective, context, and interpretation. Exploring them leads us to a larger question – what does “documentary” even mean?
The practical part of the project We Are Still Here, is a long-term photographic art-documentary essay on organ and tissue transplantation, with a particular focus on the organizational, logistical, and surgical procedures in Slovenia. The written component outlines the project\u27s development, its conceptual foundations, the challenges I encountered during its evolution, and my personal involvement in fieldwork. It also establishes a link with the theoretical framework by exploring definitions and interpretations of the documentary genre
Po literarnih poteh v Gorici (Italija)
No full textSprehod po literarnih poteh Gorice, od goriškega gradu, Travnika do Ljudskega vrta
Are feature assignment errors due to attraction?
No full textWell-studied attraction errors in speakers’ production of subject-verb agreement
arise from featural similarity between the attractor and the target (e. g., the verb)
in the context of a specific syntactic relationship characterized by structural
distance. This study examines production errors in a related but distinct type
of featural manipulation: feature assignment in numeral phrases with modifiers
such as “five rusty old windows,” in Bulgarian. The grammar of this language
requires plural markers on the modifiers and a morphological count form on
the final noun which speakers often erroneously replace with a regular plural
form. In a series of four sentence completion experiments we demonstrate
that speakers’ errors in count form assignment are subject to linear rather than
structural distance. Based on this, we argue that these errors are not due to
attraction but instead reflect the cost of temporary storage and integration
to resolve the assignment dependency, thus supporting linear distance-based
theories of processing locality. Our findings also point to potential differences in
the processing dynamics between agreement and feature assignment
Selective room-temperature catalytic decomposition of hypochlorite to oxygen and chloride
No full text“Car tonnage” as a parameter for calculating the impact of vehicles on urban sustainability and for supporting space retrofitting policies
No full textX-ray absorption spectroscopy for structural analysis of amorphous metal oxide thin films
No full textAmorphous metal oxide thin films, such as aluminum oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, and iron oxides, serve diverse roles in catalysis and energy conversion. Al2O3 acts as a robust catalyst support due to its thermal stability, while transition metal oxides provide critical metal sites for catalytic reactions [1,2]. Understanding their atomic-scale structure (local coordination and oxidation states) is essential for optimizing performance. Amorphous metal oxide thin films, including Al2O3 supports and high-entropy alloy (HEA)-derived oxides, are engineered through thermal and electrochemical treatments to optimize atomic-scale structure. We employ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to investigate how thermal densification governs Al3+ coordination in amorphous Al2O3 thin films, while a combination of thermal treatment and anodization transforms HEA surfaces into active electrocatalysts. Critically, surface-sensitive total electron yield (TEY) detection mode enables isolation of film-specific signals from substrates, allowing precise structural analysis.
For amorphous Al2O3, Al K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) were measured on 300 nm films at different temperatures of thermal treatment (up to 1300 °C). XANES revealed a gradual coordination shift from tetrahedral AlO4 (dominant below 400 °C) to octahedral AlO6 (prevailing above 700 °C), driven by densification. EXAFS confirmed shortened Al-O bond distances above 700 °C, aligning with in-situ X-ray reflectivity data. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using FDMNES on a model of amorphous alumina [3] reproduced the observed XANES spectral features, supporting the experimental interpretation of coordination evolution. Complementarily, a combination of thermal treatment and anodization of HEAs produces ~1 µm porous, catalytically active films. Using the surface-sensitive TEY detection mode (depth <100 nm), the catalytic layer was isolated from bulk substrates. XANES revealed HEA composition-dependent oxidation behavior: Fe was either fully oxidized to Fe3+ or remained metallic in Cr/Mn-rich alloysNi exhibited mixed Ni2+/Ni3+ statesand Co converted predominantly to Co2+. EXAFS confirmed the dissolution of metallic ordering and the appearance of nanostructured oxide-like local environments, linking the metal oxide layer to enhanced catalytic activity.
Surface-sensitive XAS provides critical atomic-scale insights into amorphous oxide thin films, enabling rational design of functional materials through precise structural characterization
Between flesh and code
No full textThis contribution explores how contemporary art interrogates and reimagines Artificial Intelligence at the intersection of embodiment, sustainability, relationality, power, and pedagogy. AI increasingly trespasses our mental and sensorial limits, blurring the boundaries of authorship, intimacy, and presence. At the same time, its ecological paradox is evident: while promising to model ecosystems and futures, AI consumes vast energy and resources, leaving a heavy carbon shadow. Through case studies from Ars Electronica Festival 2025, including Requiem for an Exit (Frode Oldereid & Thomas Kvam), XXX Machina (Erin Robinson & Anthony Frisby), Bla Blavatar vs Jaap Blonk (Jonathan Reus & Jaap Blonk), Guanaquerx (Paula Gaetano Adi), Anatomy of Non-Fact (Martyna Marciniak), and Before the Red (Yixuan Zhao), the talk highlights how art stages AI’s contradictions. These works reveal machine memory as oratory, intimacy fractured by pixels, data turned into performance, speculative robotic ecologies, hyperreal misinformation, and embodied sonic learning. Art emerges as both critical witness and pedagogical tool, unsettling assumptions while cultivating reflective engagement. By exposing hidden labor, inequality, and planetary costs, while also imagining plural cosmotechnics, artistic practice points to more ethical, creative, and situated ways of living with AI—between flesh and code