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Statistical reconstruction of daily temperature and sea level pressure in Europe for the severe winter 1788/89
Get PDFThe winter 1788/89 was one of the coldest win
quality to allow historians to better assess the environmental
ters
Europe had witnessed in the past 300 years. Fortunately,
and social impacts of the harsh weather.
for historical climatologists, this extreme event occurred at
a time when many stations across Europe, both private and
as part of coordinated networks, were making quantitative
observations of the weather. This means that several dozen
early instrumental series are available to carry out an in
depth
study of this severe cold spell. While there have been
attempts to present daily spatial information for this winter,
there is more to be done to understand the weather variabil
ity
and day-to-day processes that characterised this weather
extreme. In this study, we seek to reconstruct daily spatial
high-resolution temperature and sea level pressure fields of
the winter 1788/89 in Europe from November through Febru
ary.
The reconstruction is performed with an analogue resam
pling
method (ARM) that uses both historical instrumental
data and a weather type classification. Analogue reconstruc
tions
are then post-processed through an ensemble Kalman
fitting (EnKF) technique. Validation experiments show good
skill for both reconstructed variables, which manage to cap
ture
the dynamics of the extreme in relation to the large-scale
circulation. These results are promising for more such stud
ies
to be undertaken, focusing on different extreme events
and other regions in Europe and perhaps even further back in
time. The dataset presented in this study may be of sufficienthe Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wis
senschaftlichen Forschung (project WeaR,188701),
the H2020 European Research Council (PALAEO-RA (grant no.
787574)), the Narodowe Centrum Nauki (grant no. DEC-
2020/37/B/ST10/00710), the project “Long Meteorological Series” of the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in the framework
of GCOS Switzerland, the Catalan Meteorological Offic
Practical aspects of education and professional development of the Prison Service Staff
Get PDFPrezentowany artykuł ma na celu ukazanie praktycznych wskazówek i zaleceń mających zastosowanie w procesie planowania i realizacji działań związanych z kształceniem oraz doskonaleniem kadry Służby Więziennej. Praca powstała w nawiązaniu do badań zrealizowanych w 2021 r., w ramach projektu badawczego „Pilotażowe kompleksy penitencjarne”
Ks. Leon Dzienisz (1906-1942). Pierwszy proboszcz parafii na Wrzosach, męczennik drugiej wojny światowej, 56 s.
Get PDFPozycja przedstawia biografię kapłana diecezji chełmińskiej ks. Leona Dzienisza (1906-1942). Był on pierwszym proboszczem parafii św. Antoniego na toruńskich Wrzosach. Aresztowany przez Niemców 19 października 1939 roku. Zginął podczas drugiej wojny światowej wywieziony w tzw. transporcie inwalidów z obozu w Dachau 10 sierpnia 1942 roku
The Orality and Rhetoric of Holy Books Based on the Examples of Tatar Tefsirs – the First Translation of the Qur’an into a Slavic (Polish) Language
Get PDFThe article presents, on the basis of a sixteenth-century translation of the Qur’an into Polish, the interpenetration of two planes in revealed books: the rhetorical and the persuasive one. In this context, the article points out the realisation of the directives of classical Arabic rhetoric, including the semantic principle, the principle of clear expression and the principle of sophisticated style. It also indicates the original orality of the Qur’an and the persuasiveness of its message achieved, among other things, by addressing the recipient, the establishment of the us vs. them opposition, the occurrence of evaluative and directive vocabulary, the introduction of colloquial speech, and the use of intensifiers of content. The collected material also demonstrates the complex relation between the scripturalisation of a language and the translation of a sacred text (the Qur’an) into Polish
THE ALYTUS TEFSIR. PALEOGRAPHY. ORTHOGRAPHY. LANGUAGE
Get PDFThe purpose of the paper is to indicate the paleographic, orthographic, and linguistic features, which will be conducive to establishing the genesis of The Alytus Tefsir, thus contributing to the specification of the time and place of origin of the first translation of the Qur’an into Polish. They include: – external features of the manuscript, – the typology of the monument, – the dating of the manuscript on the basis of indirect data, e.g. watermarks, and direct data, i.e. the language of the manuscript, including older and newer features, indicating the time of the origin of the copy, – testimony of the owner, – the arrangement of content
Un-debunking ordinary objects with the help of predictive processing
Get PDFPreprint artykułu, który ukaże się w czasopiśmie: British Journal for the Philosophy of Science (ISSN 0007-0882) w 2021 roku.Debunking arguments aim to undermine common sense beliefs by showing that they are not explanatorily or causally linked to the entities they are purportedly about. Rarely are facts about the etiology of common sense beliefs invoked for the opposite aim, that is, to support the reality of entities that furnish our manifest image of the world. Here I undertake this sort of un-debunking project. My focus is on the metaphysics of ordinary physical objects. I use the view of perception as approximate Bayesian inference to show how representations of ordinary objects can be extracted from sensory input in a rational and truth-tracking manner. Drawing an analogy between perception construed as Bayesian hypothesis testing and scientific inquiry, I sketch out how some of the intuitions that traditionally inspired arguments for scientific realism also find application with regards to proverbial tables and chairs.Narodowe Centrum Nauki, grant Opus nr 2019/33/B/HS1/0067
Parenting and Work in Poland. A gender studies perspective, s.107.
Get PDFThe open access book provides a critical account of parenthood in Polish society. It uses a qualitative perspective to show how mothers and fathers engage with parenthood and also function in the labour market. Parenting in contemporary Poland is not only affected by individual preferences and choices, but significantly by the institutional context, in particular the family policy system, as well as socio-cultural norms of how men and women should fulfill parental roles. The author distinguishes between different kinds of work done in connection to parenthood and shows how the existing institutional system reinforces gender and other forms of social inequalities even in a post-communist state like Poland. The author demonstrates that Polish society has different expectations and institutional norms related to work and gender norms compared to those in long-standing democracies in Europe and elsewhere. The book also shows that the experiences of parenthood in Poland are different between men and women, between single and coupled parents, and based on economic and other resources. This book is of interest to social science students and researchers of family studies, parenting, sociology of work, and social structure in post-communist societies.Narodowe Centrum Nauki, nr umowy: UMO-2015/19/D/HS6/0233
Ars memoriae — ars oblivionis in the poetry of the ‘first wave’ Russian emigrants
Get PDFВ статье исследуются основные модели памяти, характерные для поэзии «первой волны» русского зарубежья. В стихотворениях белоэмигрантов преобладает идея памяти долженствования, согласно которой запас хранимых в сознании воспоминаний о прошлом является фактором, обеспечивающим сохранение эмигрантами их «русскости». Этой идее противопоставлен, особенно в стихах эмигрантов младшего поколения, отказ помнить травмирующее прошлое, как личное, так и национальное.The article examines the principal models of memory that are typical
of the poetry of the ‘first wave’ Russian emigration. Poems by Russian émigrés
are characterised primarily by the use of the biographical (individual) and
collective (communicative and cultural) memory models. The dominant idea
of memory as an obligation means that the hoard of memories about the
past is a factor that enables emigrants to preserve their Russian identity.
This ‘hypertrophied retrospectivism,’ to use Brodsky’s term, exercised its
influence on all levels and planes of ‘first wave’ poetry, including its genre
structure. This retrospective approach is rejected, especially in poems by
younger generation poets, with its opponents refusing to remember traumatic
experiences of the past, suffered either personally or on a national scale. The
author, therefore, reveals and analyses two key variations of cultural memory
which she believes to determine the internal structure and genre composition
of the poetry by ‘first wave’ Russian émigré
Przesłanie Misia Uszatka. W 50. rocznicę śmierci Czesława Janczarskiego
Get PDFArtykuł w zwięzły sposób przybliża sylwetkę twórczą Czesława Janczarskiego jako autora dla dzieci, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem opowieści o Misiu Uszatku
Energy Transition in Poland—Assessment of the Renewable Energy Sector
Get PDFThe topic of the article considers the functioning of the renewable energy (RE) sector in Poland. This is really important in the context of the energy transition of the national economy because it influences the creation of modern technologies and increases the competitiveness and innovation of the country. Poland is in a process of energy transition where the RE sector has been developing for two decades. The authors aimed to research the RE sector improvement possibilities in Poland, including the influence of this sector on chosen social and economic aspects. Because of this research’s aim a critical situation assessment of RE in Poland was conducted and a survey of a group of experts in this field was also involved. Legal, physical and mental determinants and their influence on RE sector were looked into. In the legal determinant context a necessity to simplify relevant legislation acts in Poland was found. Undoubtedly there is a need to improve several legal acts, including the Distance Act. In physical determinants it was found that solar, wind and biomass energy have the biggest chances for development. In the case of mental determinants the authors paid attention to the need of educating the public about using and obtaining energy. It is also important to make people aware how the RE sector influences the low emission economy positively. This will improve the creation of new jobs and reduce the emissions of harmful substances to the environment.UM