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Abuse of the Right to Claim a Forced Share. Commentary on the Judgment of the Supreme Court of 28 March 2018, Case No. V CSK 428/17
No full textSimultaneous spectral calibration and dispersion compensation using a thin piece of glass
No full textThe behavior of the signal elements in a quantum-mimic OCT is modelled to provide coefficients for simultaneous spectral calibration and dispersion compensation. The method allows to obtain the correction vectors based on a single spectrum and in an almost fully automatic way.Horizon Europe, the European Union’s Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, SEQUOIA project, under Grant Agreement No. 10107006
Pyrolysis of Waste Biomass: Technical and Process Achievements, and Future Development—A Review
Get PDFPyrolysis has been applied in the human economy for many years, and it has become a significant alternative to the production of chemical compounds, including biofuels. The article focuses mostly on recent achievements in the technical and processing aspects of pyrolysis. The aim of the review is to present the latest research on the process of waste biomass pyrolysis to fuel production. The paper describes the mechanisms of the pyrolysis process, composition, and properties of the obtained fractions, namely pyrolysis gas, bio-oil, and biochar. Additionally, the technical aspects of the pyrolysis process are mentioned, with particular attention to the construction of the reactors. The process of waste biomass pyrolysis allows for obtaining many chemical compounds (second-generation biofuels). Optimization of the pyrolysis process allows obtaining the desired products that are applied in the chemical industry, energy, and transport. The application of pyrolysis gas, oil, and biochar as valuable chemical compounds are related to the intensifying effects of climate change, biofuel production, and waste management in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. In recent years, there has been large-scale research into the use of renewable energy sources through pyrolysis. This will make it possible to significantly reduce the carbon footprint and produce second-generation biofuels in a sustainable manner. Current research into the mechanisms of pyrolysis processes is promising, and will therefore provide access to clean and low-cost compounds that will have broad applications in the energy, chemical, agricultural, and transportation industries.UM
Measurement and calculation of CO (7–0) overtone line intensities
Get PDFIntensities of 14 lines in the sixth overtone (7–0) band of carbon monoxide (12C
16O) are measured in the visible range between 14 300 and
14 500 cm−1
using a frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectrometer. This is the first observation of such a high and weak overtone
spectrum of the CO molecule. A theoretical model is constructed and tested based on the use of a high accuracy ab initio dipole moment
curve and a semi-empirical potential energy curve. Accurate studies of high overtone transitions provide a challenge to both experiment and
theory as the lines are very weak: below 2 × 10−29 cm molecule−1
at 296 K. Agreement between theory and experiment within the experimental
uncertainty of a few percent is obtained. However, this agreement is only achieved after issues with the stability of the Davidson correction to
the multi-reference configuration interaction calculations are addressed.The reported study was funded by RFBR under Research
Project Nos. 18-02-00705 and 18-32-00698. The research connducted at NCU was supported by National Science Centre
Poland, Project Nos. 2015/18/E/ST2/00585, 2018/30/E/ST2/00864,
2018/29/B/ST2/02974, and 2021/42/E/ST2/00152, and it was part of
the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in Torun, Poland. ´
This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC)
under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
program through Advance Grant No. 883830 and by the UK NERC
through grant NE/T000767/1
The impact of cities’ transportation network connections on regional market integration: the case of China’s urban agglomerations
Get PDFAuthor accepted versionDespite growing scholarly attention on the role of urban networks for understanding regional dynamics, there has been limited research examining the impact of cities’ transportation network connections on regional market integration. This paper analyzes China’s four major urban agglomerations: the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, and Chengdu-Chongqing. Applying a spatial Durbin model to cross-sectional datasets for 2019, we provide insight into the role of cities’ transportation network connections in promoting regional market integration, considering both the potentially heterogeneous impact of network connections and the interplay between network and agglomeration externalities. Our results indicate that: (1) cities’ transportation network connections have an inverted ‘U’-shaped effect on regional market integration; (2) transportation network connections have spatial spillover effects; (3) the positive impact of transportation network connections on regional market integration becomes more pronounced as city size decreases; and (4) there are neither complementary nor substitution effects between network and agglomeration externalities. We reflect on the broader implications of our empirical findings for regional development strategies and discuss possible avenues for further research.The research presented in this paper was financially supported through research project number 2020/38/A/HS4/00312 of the Polish National
Science Centre (NCN)
Quality of Qualitative research during the covid-19 pandemic– the experiences of researchers in Social Sciences and humanities
Get PDFW artykule opisujemy zmiany w zakresie jakości badań jakościowych wynikające z do-stosowywania praktyk badawczych do warunków pandemicznych na kolejnych etapachprocesu badawczego. Analiza powstała na podstawie 32 wywiadów pogłębionych z bada-czami i badaczkami społeczno-humanistycznymi. Omawiamy „drogi do jakości” i „drogido niejakości” w badaniach jakościowych w czasie kryzysu pandemicznego. Osoby pro-wadzące badania cechowała ambiwalencja w ocenie wpływu warunków pandemicznychna jakość ich badań. Analiza skupień pokazała z kolei, że strategie zapewniania jakościbadań jakościowych w pandemii różniły się ze względu na uważność na zmiany jakościw różnych fazach procesu badawczego. Wyróżniono strategie polegające na dążeniu doosiągania jakości głównie na etapie realizacji badań oraz strategie holistyczne, skupione nazapewnianiu jakości we wszystkich fazach badania. Uzyskane wyniki zostały zinterpreto-wane w odniesieniu do czterech podejść do jakości badań jakościowych wyróżnionych napodstawie analizy literatury przedmiotuGrant dla młodych badaczy/badaczek 2022 (Wydział Ekonomiczno--Socjologiczny UŁ), Grant 501-D134-01-1340200/95/22 (Instytut Stosowanych Nauk Społecz-nych UW) oraz środki Instytutu Socjologii Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu.
(2) (PDF) Jakość badań jakościowych podczas pandemii COVID-19 – doświadczenia badaczy i badaczek społeczno-humanistycznych. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374287948_Jakosc_badan_jakosciowych_podczas_pandemii_COVID-19_-_doswiadczenia_badaczy_i_badaczek_spoleczno-humanistycznych [accessed Jun 13 2024]
Suicidal behavior as a result of maladjustment of servicemen to the conditions of military service in Ukraine
Get PDFEthics approval
The ethical examination of the conducted empirical research was carried out and it was approved by the Committee on Ethics of Scientific Researches of the Public
Organization “National Academy of Sciences of Higher
Education of Ukraine”, protocol № 12, dated from the
14th of December, 2021.Introduction and aim. The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of suicidal behavior as a result of maladjustment
of servicemen to the conditions of military service in Ukraine. The tasks of the article are to identify among militaries: 1) the
most significant risk factors for autoregressive and suicidal behavior; 2) the psychological peculiarities of adaptive disorders
that may lead to suicide; 3) protective factors against autoregressive and suicidal behavior.
Material and method. To solve the problem of our research, a set of methods was used: theoretical methods – theoretical and
methodological analysis of scientific sources, their systematization, classification, generalization; empirical methods – the observation, the interview, a questionnaire, testing, the method of expert assessments. In general 420 militaries were participated in our research. The participants of the 1st stage of the study were 240 militaries in the age 18-25 years old with suicidal and
auto-aggressive behavior in anamnesis and one or more attempts of suicide. These militaries were treated in the psychiatric
hospital № 1 in Kyiv (Ukraine). At the 2nd stage of the study 180 militaries were participated. They were treated in the Main Military Clinical Hospital (the Center), Kyiv, Ukraine. The research was organized during May–November, 2021.
Results. We investigated that 120 militaries had various forms of post-suicidal encephalopathy, such as acute affective, non-psychotic state. The number of patients with residual psychoorganic pathology was 41 people (34.16%); after poisoning there
were 37 people, the number of patients with toxic encephalopathy – 33 people (27.5%); after self-arson – 9 people, there were
4 patients (3.33%) with burn encephalopathy. We identified the following clinical variants of depressive reactions as a result of
maladjustment and suicidal attempts: 1) the reaction of disadaptation in combination with neurosis-like disorders (48.9%); 2)
the reaction of maladjustment including hypochondriacal inclusions (in 23.4% of cases of respondents); 3) maladaptive reactions with an anxious component were observed in 28.6% of cases.
Conclusion. It was shown that the suicidal behavior of soldiers depended on many external and internal risk factors. We
showed protective factors against autoregressive and suicidal behavior.Funding
This research was funded by the Ministry of Education
and Science of Ukraine, RN 0118U003098
Contract Theory, Title Transfer, and Libertarianism
Get PDFThis research was funded in whole or in part by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant number
2020/39/B/HS5/00610. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC-BY public copyright
licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) version arising from this submission.In the present paper we argue that the theory of contracts embraced by many libertarian scholars and relied upon by them in sundry important debates (e.g. over morality of the fractional reserve banking or loan maturity mismatching etc.), that is, the title transfer theory of contracts (TTT) should be rejected as not being able to account for the binding force of future-oriented contracts, including contracts deemed enforceable by those scholars themselves. The TTT claims that the only contracts that should be legally binding are these where the debtor’s failure to abide by them constitutes a violation of the creditor’s private property rights. However, as we argue, no default of the debtor in a future-oriented contract can in itself amount to such a violation.Narodowe Centrum Nauki/National Science Centr
O potrzebie pełnego wykształcenia teologicznego diakonów stałych w Polsce
No full textWzrastająca liczba wyświęconych diakonów stałych w Kościele rzymskokatolickim w Polsce (mamy obecnie w 15 diecezjach blisko stu diakonów stałych, w tym czterech diakonów stałych celibatariuszy) oraz wciąż powiększające się grono mężczyzn żonatych jako kandydatów do diakonatu, stawia przed nami potrzebę podjęcia refleksji nad bardzo ważnym zagadnieniem, a mianowicie „pełnego wykształcenia teologicznego diakonów stałych w Polsce”. W chwili obecnej bowiem ta sprawa nie jest wszędzie jednakowo praktykowana mimo wyraźnego zapisu w Wytycznych dotyczących formacji, życia i posługi diakonów stałych w Polsce przyjętych przez Konferencję Episkopatu Polski w 2015 roku: „Kandydat na stałego diakona powinien mieć ukończone pełne studia teologiczne (magisterskie)”. Odnotujmy, że w pierwszych Wytycznych zatwierdzonych przez biskupów w 2003 roku ujęto to zagadnienie następująco: „Formacja doktrynalna diakona stałego winna być analogiczna do przygotowania prezbitera” . A więc i w tym zapisie biskupi podkreślili konieczność pełnego wykształcenia teologicznego kandydatów do diakonatu stałego.
Przywołane słowa wskazują jednoznacznie, że biskupi w Polsce od samego początku, a więc od dyskusji o możliwości wprowadzenia diakonatu stałego w naszym kraju, a także po nabytych już pierwszych doświadczeniach obecności tego powołania, jednoznacznie opowiedzieli się za pełnymi studiami teologicznymi kandydatów do diakonatu stałego. Wydaje się, że z ich strony był to nawet jeden z podstawowych warunków zgody na obecność tego powołania w Kościele w Polsce
Czy rothbardowska teoria kary jest retrybutywna?
Get PDFMurray Rothbard claims that it is “evident that our theory of proportional punishment—that people may be punished by losing their rights to the extent that they have invaded the rights of others—is frankly a retributive theory of punishment, a ‘tooth (or two teeth) for a tooth’ theory.” The present paper argues that it is not. The role that Rothbard assigns for victims in determining punishment justifies classifying his theory of punishment as corrective rather than retributive, for vesting victims with rights over punishment defeats the retributive justice requirement that criminals are punished solely because they deserve it and in accordance with their respective deserts. Instead of giving offenders what they objectively deserve, the Rothbardian theory of punishment allows victims to seek compensation in various forms, including revenge.Narodowe Centrum Nauki/National Science Centre
This research was funded in whole or in part by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant no. 2020/39/B/HS5/00610. For Open Access, the author has applied a CC-BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) version arising from this submission